This date in history

[Jimbuna]

1917 World War I: Battle of Beersheba in southern Palestine - "last successful cavalry charge in history" performed by the 4th Australian Light Horse.

1918 Spanish Flu kills 21,000 people in the US in a single week.

1940 Battle of Britain, fought between the RAF and Luftwaffe over the English Channel and southern England, ends with a British victory.

1941 Prior to US joining WWII, German submarine U-552 torpedoes US destroyer Reuben James near Iceland.

1942 U-boats sink and damage 120 allied ships this month (659,457 tons)

1943 F4U Corsair accomplishes the first successful radar-guided interception.

1984 Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is assassinated by her bodyguards, Satwant Singh and Beant Singh at her home in New Delhi.

2011 The world population reaches 7 billion inhabitants according to the United Nations.

[Jimbuna]

1683 The English crown colony of New York is subdivided into 12 counties.

1914 German-British naval battle at Coronel, Chile.

1918 Yugoslav battleship Viribus Unitis sunk by Italians.

1919 British Admiral David Beatty becomes First Sea Lord.

1941 Japanese naval staff officers Suzuki & Maejima arrive at Pearl Harbour.

1952 "Ivy Mike", the first thermonuclear weapon to utilize the H-bomb design of Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam, is detonated in the Marshall Islands, Pacific Ocean.

[Jimbuna]

1914 Great Britain declares the entire North Sea a military area: neutral ships will transit it at their own risk.

1917 In WWI the first US soldiers are killed in combat: James Gresham, Thomas Enright and Merle Hay.

1943 Jewish ghetto of Riga Latvia is destroyed.

1944 Auschwitz begins gassing inmates.

[Jimbuna]

1918 Thousands of revolutionary German sailors with the fleet at Kiel mutiny, seize the city, and set up councils of workers and sailors.

1941 Hirohito's accord on Yamamoto's attack plan on Pearl Harbor fails.

1946 Emperor Hirohito proclaims a new Japanese constitution.

1952 Egypt protests German retribution payments to Israel.

[Jimbuna]

1862 Dr Richard Gatling patents Gatling machine gun in Indianapolis.

1921 The Sturmabteilung or SA (the "Brown Shirts") is formally established by Adolf Hitler.

1922 Howard Carter discovers tomb of Tutankhamun in Egypt.

1979 500 Iranian students loyal to Ayatollah Khomeini seize the US Embassy in Tehran, taking 90 hostages for 444 days.

2008 Barack Obama becomes the first African-American to be elected President of the United States, defeating Republican candidate John McCain.

[Jimbuna]

1605 Gunpowder Plot: Catholic conspirator Guy Fawkes attempts to blow up King James I and the British Parliament. Plot discovered, Guy Fawkes caught, tortured and later executed along with seven others. Celebrated ever since as Guy Fawkes Day, where his effigy is traditionally burned on a bonfire, accompanied by fireworks.

1937 Adolf Hitler informs his military leaders in a secret meeting of his intentions of going to war.

1941 Japanese naval staff officers Suzuki and Maejima leave Pearl Harbor.

1978 Khomeini followers attack British embassy/El Al office in Iran.

1987 US Supreme Court nominee Douglas H. Ginsburg admits using marijuana, later withdraws from consideration.

[Aktungbby]

1862 Dr Richard Gatling patents Gatling machine gun in Indianapolis. This will lead to glorius victory in three less-than-stellar wars against little brown people.:hmmm: : the thin red line of Balaclava having failed at disastrous Isandlwana(1200!!??)....the British square failed not at ....GIN GIN I LUV U:Kaleun_Cheers: ie: the climactic finale of the Zulu Wars! https://www.britishbattles.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/2-Gatling-gun-teams.jpg with a little help from American Dr. Gatling's knowhow
Royal Navy Gatling Gun team: Battle of Gingindlovu on 2nd April 1879 in the Zulu War...and Iran Wars I & II https://youtu.be/qiHpYZen-oY?t=9

[Jimbuna]

1945 The first landing of a jet on a carrier takes place on USS Wake Island when an FR-1 Fireball touches down.

1956 Suez Crisis: British Royal Marines storm Port Said in Egypt amid growing domestic and international opposition to the Anglo-French-Israeli military operation.

1991 The last oil fire in Kuwait set by retreating Iraqi troops is extinguished.

1999 Australians vote to keep the British monarch as their head of state in the Australian republic referendum.

[Jimbuna]

1872 Cargo ship Mary Celeste sails from Staten Island for Genoa; mysteriously found abandoned four weeks later.

1918 United Press erroneously reports WWI armistice had been signed.

2000 Controversial US presidential election between George W. Bush and Al Gore is inconclusive; the result, in Bush's favour, is eventually resolved by the Supreme Court.

2000 Hillary Clinton is elected to the US Senate, becoming first US First Lady to win public office and while still the First Lady.

[Jimbuna]

1861 USS San Jacinto commanded by Charles Wilkes captures two Confederate diplomats from the British mail steamer Trent, almost causing a war between the US and the UK

1900 David Beatty takes part in the successful relief of the naval brigade and is promoted to captain.

1915 An Austrian-Hungarian submarine torpedoes and sinks the Italian liner 'Ancona' without warning, killing over 200 people.

1923 Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party stage "Beer Hall Putsch" in Munich.

1939 Failed assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler in Burgerbraukeller, Munich.

1940 RAF bombs Munich, Adolf Hitler promises "an attack on the capital of the Nazi movement would not go unpunished"

1942 Adolf Hitler proclaims fall of Stalingrad from Munich beer hall.

1950 A US aircraft shoots down a North Korean jet in the Korean War, the first jet-to-jet dogfight in history.

1974 British peer the Earl of Lucan disappears and is never seen again after his nanny is found murdered in London.

2016 Republican Donald Trump is elected President of the United States of America, defeating democrat Hillary Clinton, who received 2.9 million more votes.

[Jimbuna]

1914 Off Cocos Island, near Sumatra, the Australian cruiser 'Sydney' sinks German cruiser 'Emden', which has been attacking ships in the Pacific.

1918 Emperor Wilhelm II abdicates after German defeat in World War I

1923 Beer Hall Putsch's second day in Munich; Nazis fail to overthrow government, 16 die and Adolf Hitler flees.

1925 German NSDAP (Nazi party) forms Schutzstaffel (SS)

1979 False alarm of a Soviet ballistic missile attack by US NORAD system after technician fails to code a test properly.

1998 Capital punishment in the United Kingdom, already abolished for murder, is completely abolished for all remaining capital offences.

[Jimbuna]

1871 Henry Morton Stanley encounters David Livingstone at Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika in Central Africa, with the immortal words 'Dr Livingstone, I presume?'

1918 German Emperor Wilhelm II flees to Netherlands.

1918 Western Union Cable Office in North Sydney, Nova Scotia receives a top-secret coded message from Europe stating on November 11, 1918 all fighting would cease on land, sea and in the air.

1923 German ex-crown prince flees Netherlands for Germany.

1928 Emperor Hirohito of Japan's possession of the Imperial Regalia is publicly confirmed,

1938 Second day of Kristallnacht: pogrom against the Jews in Germany and Austria after assassination of a German diplomat in Paris.

1940 Walt Disney begins serving as an informer for the Los Angeles office of the FBI; his job is to report back information on Hollywood subversives.

1944 US 9th Army takes Margraten cemetery.

1989 Germans begin demolishing the Berlin Wall.

[Jimbuna]

1880 Australian Bushranger and outlaw Ned Kelly is hanged at Melbourne Gaol.

1918 WWI armistice signed by the Allies and Germany comes into effect and World War I hostilities end at 11am, "the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month"

1920 Great Britain's monument to her war dead, the Cenotaph in Whitehall, designed by Edwin Lutyens, unveiled.

1921 US President Warren G. Harding dedicates Tomb of Unknown Soldier at Arlington Cemetery.

1923 Eternal flame lit for the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier under the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.

1940 British Fleet Air Arm attack destroys half of Italian fleet at Taranto.

1961 Congolese soldiers murder 13 Italian UN pilots.

1983 1st US cruise missiles arrive in Great Britain.

2006 New Zealand war memorial monument unveiled by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II in London, United Kingdom, commemorating the loss of soldiers from the New Zealand Army and the British Army.

[Jimbuna]

1912 British explorer Robert Falcon Scott's diary & body found in Antarctica.

1923 In Germany, Adolf Hitler is arrested for attempt to seize power during "Beer Hall Putsch" coup.

1926 The first recorded aerial bombing on US soil took place in Williamson County, Illinois, during a feud between rival liquor gangs, the Sheltons and the Birgers.

1927 Leon Trotsky is expelled from the Soviet Communist Party, paving the way for Joseph Stalin to consolidate complete power.

1933 First known photo of so-called Loch Ness monster is taken by Hugh Gray.

1938 Hermann Goering announces he wants Madagascar as a Jewish homeland.

1942 WWII Naval Battle of Guadalcanal begins between Allied and Japanese forces in Solomon Islands.

1944 RAF sinks German battleship "Tirpitz" at Tromso Fjord, Norway.

1948 Japanese Prime Minister Hideki Tojo sentenced to death by war crimes tribunal.

1969 US army announces investigating William Calley for alleged massacre of civilians at Vietnamese village of My Lai.

[Jimbuna]

1941 U-81 torpedoes British aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal near Gibraltar.

1982 Vietnam Veterans Memorial opens in Washington, D.C., featuring the names of over 58,000 US soldiers killed or missing in the Vietnam War.

2001 War on Terrorism: In the first such act since World War II, US President George W. Bush signs an executive order allowing military tribunals against foreigners suspected of connections to terrorist acts or planned acts on the United States.

[Jimbuna]

1920 The Russian Bolshevik army occupies Sebastopol, ending anti-communist attempts to regain the government of Russia.

1941 British aircraft carrier Ark Royal sank in Mediterranean, having been torpedoed by a German submarine the day before.

1993 Puerto Rico votes against becoming the 51st US state.

1994 1st trains for public run in Channel Tunnel under English Channel.

[Jimbuna]

1898 David Beatty is promoted to commander.

1899 Morning Post reporter Winston Churchill captured by Boers in Natal.

1904 King C. Gillette patents the Gillette razor blade.

1919 US Senate first invokes cloture to end a filibuster (Versailles Treaty)

1942 First flight of the Heinkel He 219.

1960 USS G Washington, first submarine with nuclear ballistic missiles, launched.

1961 UN bans nuclear arms.

1971 Intel advertises 4004-processor.

[Jimbuna]

1940 In response to Germany's leveling of Coventry, England two days before, the Royal Air Force bombs Hamburg.

1948 Operation Magic Carpet begins with first plane from Yemen carrying Jews to Israel.

1969 1968 Mỹ Lai massacre of between 347 and 504 unarmed South Vietnamese civilians by US soldiers is first reported.

1998 Monica Lewinsky signs a deal for the North American rights to a book about her affair with US President Clinton.

[Aktungbby]

1998 Monica Lewinsky signs a deal for the North American rights to a book about her affair with US President Clinton.the signed book leaf of the copy she sent her former POTUS read: Bill; U gave me a thrill! Now I'm rakin' it in; at the till! Oy vey! :Kaleun_Party:MonicaBBY :o

[Jimbuna]

1869 Suez Canal in Egypt opens, linking Mediterranean and Red seas.

1970 Douglas Engelbart receives the patent for the first computer mouse.

1973 US President Richard Nixon tells AP "...people have got to know whether or not their president is a crook. Well, I'm not a crook"

[Jimbuna]

1852 State funeral of Duke of Wellington (St Paul's Cathedral, London)

1916 British General Douglas Haig finally calls off the first Battle of the Somme in World War I after more than 1 million soldiers had been killed or wounded.

1943 444 British bombers attack Berlin.

1943 U-211 sinks in Atlantic Ocean.

1949 The U.S. Air Force grounds B-29s after two crashes and 23 deaths in three days.

1956 Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev says the phrase "we will bury you!" to Western ambassadors at a reception at the Polish embassy in Moscow.

1983 Argentina announces its ability to produce enriched uranium for nuclear weapons.

[Jimbuna]

1863 US President Abraham Lincoln delivers his Gettysburg address beginning; "Four score and seven years ago..."

1919 US Senate rejects the Treaty of Versailles by a vote of 55 to 39; Congress two years later approves resolution ending hostilities with Germany and Austria-Hungary.

1942 Operation Uranus: Soviet offensive begins during Battle of Stalingrad, 1 million Soviet soldiers encircle the German Sixth Army.

1943 U-536 sinks in Atlantic Ocean.

1944 World War II: U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt announces the 6th War Loan Drive, aimed at selling $14 billion USD in war bonds to help pay for the war effort.

1950 US General Eisenhower becomes supreme commander of NATO-Europe.

1952 North American F-86 Sabre sets world aircraft speed record, 1124 KPH

[Jimbuna]

1815 Second Treaty of Paris: France and her allies agree France will pay indemnities after Battle of Waterloo, ending the Napoleonic Wars.

1917 First successful tank use in battle, at the Battle of Cambrai in World War I as Britain uses the new technology to break through German lines.

1941 Admiral Nomura & Kurusu hands over Japanese last diplomatic note.

1941 German "auxiliary cruiser" (armed merchant raider) Kormoran sinks near Australia.

1943 U-538 sinks in Atlantic Ocean.

1944 First Japanese suicide submarine attack (Ulithi Atoll, Carolines)

1945 The Nuremberg war trials begin as 24 Nazi leaders are put on trial before judges representing the Allied powers.

1986 World Health Organization announces first global effort to combat AIDS.

[Jimbuna]

1916 HMHS Britannic sinks in the Aegean Sea after a mine explodes, killing 30 people.

1918 The German High Seas Fleet of 5 battlecruisers, 9 battleships, 7 cruisers and 49 destroyers surrendered to the British Grand Fleet and were shepherded into the Firth of Forth.

1942 Adolf Hitler names field marshal Erich von Manstein commander of the newly-created Army Group Don (Heeresgruppe Don)

1943 7 Belgian ministers in London criticise King Leopold III for surrendering to Germany.

1963 US President John F. Kennedy flies to Texas (assassinated the next day)

1967 Vietnam War: American General William Westmoreland tells news reporters: "I am absolutely certain that whereas in 1965 the enemy was winning, today he is certainly losing."

2017 Robert Mugabe's resignation after 37 years in power is read out in Zimbabwe's parliaments during impeachment proceedings.

[Jimbuna]

1905 British, Italian, Russian, French and Austro-Hungarian fleet attacks Lesbos.

1941 British cruiser Devonshire sinks German auxiliary cruiser Atlantis.

1942 Adolf Hitler orders Rommel's Africa Korps to fight to the last man.

1963 US President John F. Kennedy assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald while riding in an open-topped motorcade in Dallas, Texas.

1963 Lyndon B. Johnson sworn in as the 36th US President after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy.

1968 First interracial TV kiss (Star Trek - Captain Kirk and Uhura)

1990 Margaret Thatcher announces her resignation as British Prime Minister.

2005 Angela Merkel becomes the first female Chancellor of Germany.

[Aktungbby]

1980: Mae West, famous comedienne passes away, age 87. Famous quotes: "When I'm bad, I'm very good" "...and goodness has nuthing to do with it!":03: Whatever it is on screen; she had it! https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Mae_West_-_1936.jpg

[Jimbuna]

1869 The clipper Cutty Sark is launched In Dumbarton, Scotland, one of the last clippers ever built and the only one still surviving.

1942 German 4th & 6th Army surrounded at Stalingrad.

1942 Chinese steward Poon Lim begins 133 days adrift after British ship SS Benlomond torpedoed by german U-boat and he is the sole survivor.

1963 JFK's body lies in repose in the East Room of the White House.

1963 LBJ proclaims Nov 25 a day of national mourning (for JFK)

1991 Freddie Mercury, 45, confirms he has AIDS the day before he dies.

2019 Sumatran rhino officially declared extinct in Malaysia after last known specimen, 25-year-old Iman, dies of cancer in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo.

[Jimbuna]

1874 American inventor Joseph Glidden patents barbed wire.

1936 German pacifist Carl von Ossietzky is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for uncovering German re-armament.

1944 US bombers based on Saipan begin first attack on Tokyo.

1950 UN troops begin an assault intending to end Korean War by Christmas.

1954 Air Force One, first US Presidential airplane, christened.

1979 US admits troops in Vietnam were exposed to the toxic Agent Orange.

1981 First air-launched cruise missile tested.

[Jimbuna]

1783 Britain evacuates New York city, its last military position in the United States.

1841 35 survivors of the mutiny on the slave ship Amistad return to Africa.

1920 First Thanksgiving Parade (Philadelphia)

1940 First flights of the de Havilland Mosquito and Martin B-26 Marauder.

1943 U-600 sinks in Atlantic Ocean.

1944 A German V-2 rocket hits a Woolworth's store in Deptford, United Kingdom, killing 160 shoppers.

1948 16-inch coastal guns removed from Fort Funston, San Francisco.

1963 JFK laid to rest at Arlington National Cemetery.

1975 A loyalist gang nicknamed the "Shankill Butchers" undertakes its first "cut-throat killing"; the gang was named for its late-night kidnapping, torture and murder (by throat slashing) of random Catholic civilians in Belfast.

[Jimbuna]

1914 Battleship HMS Bulwark explodes at Sheerness Harbour, England, 788 die.

1916 Addressing the Chamber of Commerce in Cincinnati, US President Woodrow Wilson declares that 'The business of neutrality is over. The nature of modern war leaves no state untouched'

1922 English archaeologist Howard Carter opens Tutankhamun's virtually intact tomb in Egypt.

1941 Japanese naval carrier force left its base & moves east toward Pearl Harbour.

1944 Himmler orders destruction of Auschwitz & Birkenau crematoria.

1950 China enters Korean conflict, sends troops across Yalu River.

[Aktungbby]

1943:HMT ROHNA, a Tyneside steamer and cargo vessel https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Troopship%2C_the_HMT_Rohna.jpeg is sunk is sunk of Algiers by Hans Dochtermann in a Heinkel 177A
with a released a glide bomb https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Henschel_HS_293.jpg that hit Rohna on her port side, at the after end of her engine room and Number Six troop deck. Men poured on deck, many of them badly wounded. Of the 1,138 men who were killed, 1,015 were US personnel. The attack is the largest loss of US troops at sea due to enemy action in a single incident. A further 35 US troops of the 2,000 originally embarked, later died from their wounds. As well as the troops, five of Rohna's officers and 117 of her 195 crew were killed, along with one of her 12 DEMS gunners and one hospital orderly. USS Pioneer rescued 606 survivors. Details of the loss were revealed slowly over time. By February 1944 the US Government had acknowledged that more than 1,000 soldiers had been lost in the sinking of an unnamed troopship in European waters, but it hinted that a submarine was responsible. By June 1945 the US Government had released accurate casualty figures, the ship had been identified as Rohna, and the cause of the sinking had been identified as German bombers, but did not mention that a guided bomb was used. The use of an "aerial glider bomb" was first reported publicly on 14 November 1945 in an account of the battle in the Salt Lake City Tribune. On 9 March 1947 the Chicago Tribune published a complete account of the attack, including the use of a "radio-controlled [sic] glider bomb." In 1948 a history of British India Line in the Second World War was published, stating "the missile was one of the new glider bombs guided by wireless". The US Government officially released the remaining details of the incident, specifically that a radio-controlled glide bomb had been used, in 1967 after the passing of the Freedom of Information Act...http://www.subsim.com/radioroom/images/ranks/luckyjack15.jpgIn short: "what a fascinating modern age we live in" got 'swept under the carpet' in a temporary coverup !??

[Jimbuna]

1901 Prince Ito of Japan comes to St Petersburg hoping to get the Russians to grant Japan concessions in Korea, but later drops this goal and decides to make an alliance with Britain.

1942 French navy at Toulon scuttles ships and subs so Nazis cannot seize them.

1944 4,000 shells detonate in RAF arms depot at Fauld, near Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire; village of Hanbury destroyed, at least 70 people killed.

1951 First rocket to intercept an airplane at White Sands, New Mexico.

1951 Cease-fire & demarcation zone accord signed in Panmunjon, Korea.

1967 French President Charles de Gaulle said 'Non!' to British entry to the European Common Market for the second time.

[Jimbuna]

1717 Blackbeard attacks and captures a French merchant slave ship, which he renames as his flagship the "Queen Anne's Revenge"

1720 Anne Bonny and Mary Read are tried, found guilty of pirating, and sentenced to death in Spanish Town, Jamaica, although their discovered pregnancies win them stays of execution.

1916 First German air attack on London.

1918 Kaiser Wilhelm II of Prussia & Germany abdicates.

1919 US-born Lady Nancy Astor elected as the first female member of the British House of Commons.

1920 Kilmichael Ambush, Battle of the Irish War of Independence.

1934 Winston Churchill tells British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin not to under estimate German air power.

1943 Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin meet at the Tehran Conference in Iran to map out strategy.

1946 Dutch Nazi Anton Mussert sentenced to death.

1984 Over 250 years after their deaths, William Penn and his wife Hannah Callowhill Penn are made Honorary Citizens of the United States.

[Jimbuna]

1887 US receives rights to Pearl Harbor, on Oahu, Hawaii.

1893 Ziqiang Institute, today known as Wuhan University, is founded by Zhang Zhidong, governor of Hubei and Hunan Provinces in late Qing Dynasty of China after his memorial to the throne is approved by the Qing Government.

1941 Passenger ship Lurline sends radio signal of sighting Japanese war fleet.

1943 U-86 sinks in Atlantic Ocean.

1943 US aircraft carrier Hornet launched.

1962 Great Britain & France decide to jointly build the Concorde supersonic airliner.

1990 UN Security Council approves US-sponsored resolution authorizing the use of force in the Persian Gulf if Iraq does not withdrawal from Kuwait by Jan. 15, 1991

[Jimbuna]

1922 First speed test of first genuine Japanese aircraft carrier Hosho.

1941 Japanese Emperor Hirohito consults with admirals Shimada and Nagano.

1942 U-boats sink and damage 142 allied ships this month (877,774 tons)

1942 German supply vessel Uckermark (formerly called the Altmark) explodes and sinks off Yokohama.

1944 Biggest & last British battleship HMS Vanguard launched.

1950 US President Harry Truman threatens China with atom bomb.

1953 French parachutist under Colonel De Castries attacks Dien Bien Phu.

1958 First US guided missile destroyer launched - the Dewey at Bath Iron Works, Maine.

1982 US submarine Thomas Edison collides with US Navy destroyer in South China Sea.

[Jimbuna]

1878 First White House telephone installed.

1915 The US requests that Germany withdraw its military and naval attaches from the Embassy in Washington.

1922 First skywriting over US-"Hello USA"-by Capt Turner, RAF

1925 Treaty of Locarno signed.

1934 Leningrad mayor Sergey Kirov is assassinated and Joseph Stalin uses it as an excuse to begin his Great Purge of 1934-38

1939 SS-Fuhrer Himmler begins deportation of Polish Jews.

1941 British cruiser Dorsetshire sinks German supply ship Python.

1941 Japanese Emperor Hirohito signs declaration of war.

1943 At the end of the Tehran Conference, the Big Three (Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt) agree that the invasion of Normandy should take place in May 1944

1955 Rosa Parks is arrested for refusing to move to the back of a bus and give her seat to a white passenger in Montgomery, Alabama.

[Jimbuna]

1697 St Paul's Cathedral, designed by Sir Christopher Wren is consecrated for use (previous building destroyed in the Great Fire of London)

1804 General Napoleon Bonaparte is crowned Emperor of the French at the Notre Dame de Paris in a ceremony officiated by Pope Pius VII

1941 US Naval Intelligence ceases bugging Japanese consul.

1941 Japanese Marshal Admiral Yamamoto sends his fleet to Pearl Harbor.

1976 Communist revolutionary Fidel Castro becomes President of Cuba, replacing Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado.

[Aktungbby]

1804 General Napoleon Bonaparte is crowned Emperor of the French at the Notre Dame de Paris in a ceremony officiated by Pope Pius VII
Pope Pius VII handed Napoleon the crown that the 35-year-old conqueror of Europe placed on his own head. Sometimes, if you want the job done right, ya gotta do it yersel:Kaleun_Thumbs_Up:!!?? :Kaleun_Thumbs_Up:https://faculty.atu.edu/dbarber/intro/NapoleonCrowning.jpg

[Jimbuna]

1917 The Supreme Allied War Council, meeting at Versailles to define war aim, fails to reach an agreement.

1944 Britain's Home Guard ('Dad's Army') is officially stood down at a special farewell parade in Hyde Park, London.

1967 First human heart transplant performed in South Africa by Dr Christiaan Barnard on Louis Washkansky.

1989 Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev and US President George H. W. Bush, declare the Cold War over.

[Jimbuna]

1908 The world's ten leading maritime nations attend a Naval Conference in London; they agree on rules for blockade, convoys, and seizure of contraband.

1915 Frank Friday Fletcher is first US admiral to receive Congressional Medal of Honor.

1915 Henry Ford's peace ship, Oscar II, sails for Europe 'to get the boys out of the trenches by Christmas'

1918 US President Woodrow Wilson sails for Versailles Peace Conference in France.

1948 SS Kiangya hits mine in Whangpoo River, China, sinks killing 2,750

[Jimbuna]

1941 US aircraft carrier Lexington and 5 heavy cruisers leave Pearl Harbor.

1944 German troops steal all the silver coin in Utrecht.

1945 Flight 19 the "Lost Squadron" of 5 torpedo bombers and 14 airmen is lost east of Florida in the supposed Bermuda Triangle.

1974 Final episode of Monty Python's Flying Circus airs on BBC TV

1988 Shuttle Atlantis launches world's first nuclear-war-fighting satellite.

[Aktungbby]

1917: The SS Mont-Blanc entering Halifax's harbor, carrying thousands of tons of ammunition destined for France, is collided by Norwegian steamship SS Imo. As crowds gathered to watch the fire, a sailor appraised train dispatcher Vince Coleman https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Vince_coleman-face-pre1917.jpg/150px-Vince_coleman-face-pre1917.jpg of the danger. Colman warned incoming trains: "Hold up the train. Ammunition ship afire in harbor making for pier 6 and will explode. Guess this will be my last message. Goodby boys." Coleman died at his post but probably saved 300 lives.https://myartsyodyssey.files.wordpress.com/2015/09/halifax-wide-view.jpg The explosion sent up a mushroom-cloud 2 miles high and shattered windows 50 miles away. Water vaporized exposing the harbor floor and a shower of metal fell on the city in a veritable air-raid. 2,000 people were killed; 9,000 wounded, out of 50,000...12,000 buildings were obliterated; 25,000 people were homeless in the cold...the largest explosion until Hiroshima 28 years later! https://i.redd.it/mlsitiq8lqv21.jpg http://signalhfx.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/DSC_0154-990x557.jpg:Kaleun_Salute: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vince_Coleman_(train_dispatcher)

[Jimbuna]

1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty signed; Ireland receives dominion status; partition creates Northern Ireland.

1938 French/German non-attack treaty drawn (Ribbentrop-Bonnet Pact)

1982 Droppin Well bombing: 11 British soldiers and 6 civilians are killed by an Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) time bomb at the Droppin’ Well Bar in Ballykelly, County Londonderry.

2017 US President Donald Trump officially recognizes Jerusalem as Israel's capital, announcing plans to move US embassy there.

[Jimbuna]

1917 US becomes 13th country to declare war on Austria during World War I

1917 The USA's 42nd 'Rainbow' Division arrives in France (with Colonel Douglass MacArthur among its ranks)

1940 The first prototype Fairey Barracuda flew.

1941 Imperial Japanese Navy with 353 planes attack the US fleet at Pearl Harbor Naval Base, Hawaii, killing 2,403 people.

1941 First Japanese midget submarine (No. 20) attacked by a US ship (USS Ward)

1949 Chiang Kai-shek flees to Taiwan.

1988 PLO delegation lead by Yasser Arafat proclaims the State of Palestine, recognizing the existence of the State of Israel for the first time.

[Aktungbby]

1941 First Japanese midget submarine (No. 20) attacked by a US ship (USS Ward)That was Minnesota NICE!:Kaleun_Salute: https://www.subsim.com/radioroom/showpost.php?p=2529707&postcount=2130 https://mn.gov/mdva/assets/uss-ward-gun-framed_tcm1066-223871.png

[Mr Quatro]

1949 Chiang Kai-shek flees to Taiwan

No wonder China is angry at Taiwan all of these years :yep:

Did you know that Taiwan has not reported (I say reported) a single case of
Covid-19 since mid-April :o

[Jimbuna]

No wonder China is angry at Taiwan all of these years :yep:

Did you know that Taiwan has not reported (I say reported) a single case of
Covid-19 since mid-April :o

I'm not sure of the date but I know it has been well over 200 days.

[Jimbuna]

1914 Battle of the Falkland Island: British Royal Navy destroys a German battle squadron.

1915 John McCrae's poem "In Flanders Fields" appears anonymously in "Punch" magazine.

1941 US and Britain declare war on Japan, US enters World War II

1941 US President Franklin D. Roosevelt delivers "Day of Infamy" speech to US Congress a day after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.

1966 US and USSR sign treaty to prohibit nuclear weapons in outer space.

[Aktungbby]

1941 Imperial Japanese Navy with 353 planes attack the US fleet at Pearl Harbor Naval Base, Hawaii, killing 2,403 people.


1941 US and Britain declare war on Japan, US enters World War II
Thus, Pearl Harbor, essentially a tactical copy-cat of the British Taranto raid, is considered a strategic defeat for the Empire. (The carriers and fuel tanks were unscathed) and the Strategic Yankee victory 19 months later at Midway (Set in motion to correct the failure to sink the carriers at Pearl) puts paid to the Empire's aspirations...in the Pacific and Asia. Yamamoto, with the unable assistance of Nagumo at Pearl, broke Prussian von C's rule #3: "never count on your enemy doing what your plan calls for him to do"! Japan was was not strong in all things to begin with(rule 1 as Yamamoto acknowledged in fearing to awaken the 'sleeping American giant') and with four main carriers: Hiryu, Soryu, Akagi, and Kaga, sunk at Midway by '42, could not "increase firepower whenever possible"(rule 2) The 3 year cleanup of the Pacific was a stubborn Bushido motivated slugfest culminating in the nuclear age...:hmmm:

[Jimbuna]

1941 Adolf Hitler orders US ships to be torpedoed.

1984 Iranian commandos end day hijack of Kuwaiti plane.

1990 Lech Wałęsa wins Poland's first direct presidential election in Poland.

2014 CIA Torture Report released, detailing the CIA's use of torture on detainees between 2001-2006

2015 German Chancellor Angela Merkel named Time Magazine's Person of the Year, for her handling of debt and refugee crises.

[Aktungbby]

1869: Women are granted the right to vote in the Wyoming Territory...putting 'paid' to the 'rootin'-tootin' Wild West !!:Kaleun_Thumbs_Up:

[Jimbuna]

1926 Second part of Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf published.

1936 Edward VIII signs Instrument of Abdication, giving up the British throne to marry American divorcee Wallis Simpson.

1941 British battleship Prince of Wales and battlecruiser Repulse (Force Z) sunk following Japanese aerial attacks off Malaya. 840 men die.

1968 Japan's biggest heist, the still-unsolved "300 million yen robbery", occurs in Tokyo.

[Jimbuna]

No problem, you're welcome.

[Jimbuna]

1931 Statute of Westminster gives complete legislative independence to Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Ireland (Free State), and Newfoundland (not then part of Canada)

1936 Edward VIII announces in a radio broadcast that he is abdicating the British throne to marry Wallis Simpson.

1940 Russian general Georgy Zhukov warns of German assault.

1941 Germany and Italy declare war on USA

1941 Japanese attack Wake Island (only failed WW II-landing)

1971 A bomb explodes outside a furniture showroom on the mainly-Protestant and loyalist Shankill Road, Belfast; four civilians (including two babies) were killed and nineteen wounded.

1981 Muhammad Ali's 61st and last fight, losing to Trevor Berbick.

[Jimbuna]

1901 Guglielmo Marconi sends the first transatlantic radio signal, from Poldhu in Cornwall to Newfoundland, Canada.

1915 First all-metal aircraft (Junkers J-1) test flown at Dessau, Germany.

1937 Japanese aircraft shell & sink US gunboat Panay on Yangtze River in China. (Japan apologized & eventually paid US $2.2M in reparations)

1945 Special Court of justice convicts Dutch Nazi leader Mussert to death.

1946 UN accepts 6 Manhattan blocks as a gift from John D. Rockefeller Jr

1961 Adolf Eichmann is found guilty of war crimes in Israel.

2000 US Supreme Court releases its decision in Bush v. Gore, settling the recount dispute in Florida's 2000 presidential election in George W. Bush's favour and thus handing him the presidency.

2019 British General Election won by Boris Johnson's Conservative Party in landslide win with 80 seat majority. Scottish National Party also wins 48 of 59 seats in Scotland.

[Jimbuna]

1939 Battle of the River Plate - 3 British cruisers vs German pocket battleship Graf Spee.

1944 Japanese kamikaze crashes into US cruiser Nashville, kills 138

1961 Gideon Hausner in Jerusalem demands death penalty for Adolf Eichmann.

2002 Enlargement of the European Union: The European Union announces that Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia will become members from May 1, 2004.

2003 Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein is captured near his home town of Tikrit, during Operation Red Dawn by US forces.

[Aktungbby]

2003 Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein is captured near his home town of Tikrit, during Operation Red Dawn by US forces.Whatever his alleged shortcomings;...he certainly proved to be well hung in the end!:O: https://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Jts7L87kB_w/RaLZhPQwSlI/AAAAAAAAAIg/dt8T_v0lozM/s320/saddam_hanging.jpg

[Jimbuna]

:haha:

[Jimbuna]

1812 The French invasion of Russia, led by Napoleon Bonaparte, officially ends with the French having lost as many as 530,000 people.

1911 Norwegian Roald Amundsen's expedition is the first to each the South Pole.

1941 Premier Winston Churchill travels to US on board HMS Duke of York.

1941 U-557 torpedoes British cruiser HMS Galatea.

1946 UN General Assembly votes to establish UN HQs in New York City.

1977 War criminal Pieter Menten sentenced in Amsterdam to 15 years.

2003 US President George W. Bush announces the capture of Saddam Hussein.

2008 President George W. Bush make his fourth and final trip to Iraq as president and is almost struck by two shoes thrown at him by Iraqi journalist Muntadhar al-Zaidi during a farewell conference in Baghdad.

[Jimbuna]

1840 Napoleon Bonaparte receives a French state funeral in Paris 19 years after his death.

1941 German submarine U-127 sinks.

1944 Hizbu'allah (Arm forces for Allah) forms.

1944 US Congress gives General Eisenhower his 5th star.

1961 Adolf Eichmann is sentenced to death for war crimes in Israel.

2001 The Leaning Tower of Pisa reopens after 11 years and $27,000,000 to fortify it, without fixing its famous lean.

2006 First flight of the F-35 Lightning II

[Jimbuna]

1773 Boston tea party incident - Sons of Liberty protesters throw tea shipments into Boston harbour in protest against British imposed Tea Act.

1907 As a gesture of the US's new presence as a world power, President Theodore Roosevelt sends the 'Great White Fleet' on a round-the-world cruise, visiting ports internationally.

1914 German battleships under Franz Von Hipper bombard the English ports of Hartlepool and Scarborough.

1921 The Anglo-Irish Treaty, agreed to by the British Parliament and Sinn Féin, is ratified.

1944 Nazi Germany launches a counteroffensive against the Allies in the Ardennes region of Belgium, beginning the 'Battle of the Bulge'

1979 4 British Army soldiers are killed by a PIRA landmine near Dungannon, County Tyrone. Another British Army soldier was killed by a PIRA landmine near Forkill, County Armagh.

[Jimbuna]

1903 The Wright brothers make the first sustained motorized aircraft flight at 10:35 AM, piloted by Orville Wright at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

1935 1st flight of the Douglas DC-3 (C-47 Skytrain/Dakota) airplane.

1939 German pocket battleship Graf Spee scuttled by its crew off Uruguay.

1941 German troops led by Erwin Rommel begin retreating in North Africa.

1983 The Provisional IRA bombs Harrods department store in London, killing six people and injuring 90

1986 Mrs Davina Thompson makes medical history by having the first heart, lung & liver transplant at Papworth Hospital in Cambridge, England.

[Jimbuna]

1916 Battle of Verdun, longest of World War I, officially ends in German defeat after nine months of fighting and almost 1 million total casualties.

1941 Japanese troops land on Hong Kong.

1944 US Destroyers Hull, Spence and Monaghan sink in typhoon (Philippines)

1956 Japan admitted to UN

1957 World's first full scale nuclear power plant for only peacetime use begins to generate electricity, at the Shippingport Atomic Power Station in Pennsylvania

1969 House of Lords votes to abolish the death penalty in England, Wales and Scotland (Northern Ireland 25 July 1973)

1971 Three members of the Irish Republican Army die when the bomb they were transporting explodes prematurely in King Street, Magherafelt, County Derry.

2019 US House of Representatives votes to impeach President Donald Trump for abuse of power (230-197) and obstruction of Congress (229-198)

[Jimbuna]

1783 William Pitt the Younger becomes the youngest ever British Prime Minister at age 24

1924 The last Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost is sold in London, England.

1941 German submarine U-574 sinks.

1941 Adolf Hitler takes complete command of German Army.

1949 Luxury passenger ship Aquitania demolished in Gareloch, Scotland.

1984 Chinese Premier Zhao Ziyang and British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher sign the Sino-British Joint Declaration to transfer Hong Kong back to China in 1997

[Jimbuna]

1915 Final withdraw of all allied troops from Anzac Cove.

1917 Cheka formed - Soviet state security force and forerunner to the KGB, under Felix Dzerzhinsky after decree by Lenin.

1924 Adolf Hitler freed from jail early, having served only nine months of five-year sentence for "Beer Hall Putsch"

1941 First battle of the American Volunteer Group, better known as the "Flying Tigers" in Kunming, China.

1944 Battle of Bastogne: Germans surround 101st Airborne (NUTS!)

[Aktungbby]

1913: the first crossword puzzle is published in the New York World. Originally billed as a "Word-Cross Puzzle"...one my wife and my favorite essential pastimes during the lockdown, especially the Wall Street Journal's toughies! :shucks:

[Catfish]

Iris Cummings born today, a hundred years ago:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_Cummings

[Jimbuna]

1925 "Battleship Potemkin", Soviet silent film directed by Sergei Eisenstein, starring Aleksandr Antonov, Vladimir Barksy and Grigori Aleksandrov, premieres in Moscow.

1939 Adolf Hitler names Adolf Eichmann leader of "Referat IV B", responsible for evictions and Jewish immigration.

1941 German submarine U-567 sinks.

1988 Lockerbie disaster: Pan Am Flight 103 destroyed mid air by a terrorist bomb killing all 258 on board over Scotland.

[Jimbuna]

1810 British frigate HMS Minotaur sinks killing 480

1894 French officer Alfred Dreyfus court-martialed for treason, triggers worldwide charges of anti-Semitism (Dreyfus later vindicated)

1942 Adolf Hitler signs the order to develop the V-2 rocket as a weapon.

1963 Official 30-day mourning period for President John F. Kennedy ends.

1964 First flight of the US aircraft Lockheed SR-71, reaches 3,530 kph (record for a jet)

1970 Treblinka SS commander Franz Stangl sentenced to life imprisonment.

1974 Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb home of former UK Prime Minister, Edward Heath, just before announcing Christmas ceasefire.

[Jimbuna]

1941 American forces on Wake Island surrender to Japanese.

1943 General Bernard Montgomery told he is appointed commandant for D-day.

1962 Cuba starts returning US prisoners from Bay of Pigs invasion.

1963 Fire on Greek ship Laconia, 128 die.

1968 82 members of US intelligence ship Pueblo released by North Korea.

1972 16 plane crash survivors rescued from Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 after 72 days on the Andean Mountains, after only surviving through cannibalism.

2002 A MQ-1 Predator is shot down by an Iraqi MiG-25, making it the first time in history that an aircraft and an unmanned drone had engaged in combat.

[Jimbuna]

1941 First ships of admiral Nagumo's Pearl Harbor fleet return to Japan.

1942 First powered flight of V-1 'buzz bomb', Peenemunde, Germany.

1943 US President FDR appoints General Eisenhower Supreme Commander of the Allied forces.

1946 US General MacNarney gives 800,000 "minor nazis" amnesty.

1964 Shooting begins on "The Cage" the pilot for Star Trek.

1992 US President George H. W. Bush pardons Caspar Weinberger for Iran-contra affair.

2001 "Time Magazine" names New York Mayor Rudy Giuliani 'Person of the Year', for leadership after 9/11 attacks.

[Jimbuna]

1066 William the Conqueror is crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey, completing the Norman conquest of England.

1899 Shelling on besieged Ladysmith during the Boer War includes one shell containing a plum pudding.

1914 Legendary "Christmas Truce" takes place on the battlefields of WWI between British and German troops. Instead of fighting, soldiers exchange gifts and play football.

1926 Crown Prince Hirohito of Japan assumes the throne upon his father, Emperor Yoshihito's, death.

1932 During King George V's Christmas dinner speech his chair collapses.

1939 Montgomery Ward introduces Rudolph the 9th red-nosed reindeer.

1941 Japan announces surrender of British-Canadian garrison at Hong Kong.

1941 Japanese aircraft carriers Akagi/Kagu back in Kure, Japan.

1942 Admiral Dalans murderer of Bosinier de la Chapelle, sentenced to death.

1969 5 Israeli gunboats escape from Cherbourg harbor.

1979 Soviet forces invade Afghanistan to prop up the Communist government, beginning a disastrous and failed ten-year war.

1989 Show trial of Romanian Communist dictator Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife Elena on charges of genocide and personal enrichment. The couple are found guilty and executed by firing squad the same day.

1991 Mikhail Gorbachev formally resigns as President of USSR in a televised speech.

[Aktungbby]

1989 Show trial of Romanian Communist dictator Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife Elena on charges of genocide and personal enrichment. The couple are found guilty and executed by firing squad the same day.

1991 Mikhail Gorbachev formally resigns as President of USSR in a televised speech.Commie Dictatorship rule #1: Never lose your 'appeal'!:o:dead: Rule #2: Know when to get outta Moscow!:shucks: A.D. 336: the first known commemoration of Christmas on Dec. 25 took place in Rome. I'd imagine there was a Bacchanal or two....'Toga Toga' BBY:yeah::Kaleun_Cheers:

[Jimbuna]

1914 US Government protests British interference with American merchant ships at sea, on the same day Germans announce they will treat food as contraband, subject to seizure; weakens America's protest.

1918 After spending Christmas with American troops in France, President Wilson goes to London for preliminary discussions about the forthcoming peace conference.

1941 Winston Churchill becomes first British Prime Minister to address a joint meeting of the US Congress, warning that Axis would "stop at nothing"

1943 British sink German battle cruiser Scharnhorst.

1964 Moors Murderers Ian Brady and Myra Hindley claim last victim.

1968 Led Zeppelin's concert debut in Denver as opener for Vanilla Fudge.

1991 Jack Ruby's gun sells for $220,000 in auction.

[Jimbuna]

1923 Emperor Hirohito of Japan narrowly evades an assassination attempt by a Korean independence activist, Lee Bong-chang.

1942 First Japanese women camp (Ambarawa) goes into use.

1979 After invading Afghanistan two days earlier Soviet forces pull off a coup in Kabul, killing President Hafizullah Amin.

[Aktungbby]

1979 After invading Afghanistan two days earlier Soviet forces pull off a coup in Kabul, killing President Hafizullah Amin.Considering that Amin had his own predecessor murdered following a shootout at the palace, pissing off Moscow who was displeased with American educated Amin...no surprise. The Soviets had poisoned his Coca-Cola, and even attempted a sniper attack. All male family members and Amin's son were also killed. When cautioned by Moscow on his brutality, Amin, who kept s picture of Stalin on his desk, responded "It was Comrade Stalin who taught us how to govern a backward country." Bloody wogs all...and if Russia can't handle it, what are we doing there??!!

[Jimbuna]

1065 Westminster Abbey in London consecrated.

1915 The British Cabinet recognizes the true nature of the war by deciding to institute compulsory military service, with single men to be conscripted before married ones.

1934 Film "Bright Eyes" premieres starring Shirley Temple and featuring the song "On the Good Ship Lollipop"

1950 Chinese troops cross 38th Parallel, into South Korea.

1972 Martin Bormann's skeleton is found in Berlin.

2005 A U.S. immigration judge orders John Demjanjuk deported to Ukraine for crimes against humanity committed during World War II.

2012 Vladimir Putin signs into law a ban on US adoption of Russian children.

[Aktungbby]

1612: Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei observes the planet Neptune but mistakes it for a star...Neptune is officially discovered in 1846 by Johann Gottfried Galle :hmmm: rule# 1 of astronomy: when it comes to telescopes, size matters!:yep:

[Jimbuna]

1860 The first British seagoing iron-clad warship, HMS Warrior is launched.

1934 Japan renounces Wash Naval Treaty of 1922 and London Treaty of 1930

1939 First flight of the Consolidated B-24 Liberator bomber prototype.

1940 Worst German air raid on London as over 10,000 bombs including the 1st incendiary bombs are dropped on the city as part of the Blitz.

1944 Belgian Nazi Leon Degrelle sentenced to death.

1944 General Eisenhower's train returns to Versailles.

1997 Hong Kong begins slaughtering all its chickens to prevent bird flu.

2016 US President Barack Obama retaliates against Russia for hacking American computer systems and trying to influence the 2016 presidential election by ejecting 35 Russian spies and imposing sanctions.

[Aktungbby]

1939 First flight of the Consolidated B-24 Liberator bomber prototype. Would put paid to Dönitz's strategic concept of Atlantic warfare-the longest ongoing battle of WWII... Originally Posted by AKBBY
platform is a platform... and a B-24 Liberator with 10 centimeter radar and four depth charges set shallow or even an outdated Swordfish torpedo plane(crippled Bismark) is a better platform. https://www.uboat.net/media/allies/aircraft/b24-2.jpgBad Guy #1- my late uncle (just died 3 months ago; age 95) flew these bad boys!:Kaleun_Salute:

[Jimbuna]

1915 Cromarty Harbour, Scotland - British cruiser Natal explodes: 405 die.

1941 In an emotional speech to the Canadian Parliament Winston Churchill states Britain will never surrender to "Hitler and his Nazi gang" and that "they have asked for total war. Let us make sure they get it". Afterwards Yousef Karsh captures him in his famous photograph, "The Roaring Lion".

1959 George Washington, first ballistic missile submarine commissioned.

1972 US President Richard Nixon halts bombing of North Vietnam and announces peace talks.

[Jimbuna]

1862 Union ironclad ship "Monitor" sank off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina.

1946 US President Harry Truman officially proclaims end of WW II

1961 Marshall Plan expires after distributing more than $12 billion.

1967 Evel Knievel fails in his attempt to jump the Caesar's Palace Fountain, Las Vegas, breaking his pelvis, femur, wrist, hip and both ankles.

1968 First supersonic airliner flown (Russian TU-144)

1978 Taiwan's final day of diplomatic relations with US

1986 Russian TU-144 flies for first time faster than sound.

1999 Boris Yeltsin resigns as President of Russia, leaving Prime Minister Vladimir Putin as acting President.

[Jimbuna]

1801 The Irish Parliament votes to join the Kingdom of Great Britain, forming the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

1877 Queen Victoria proclaimed Empress of India.

1910 British naval officer David Beatty is promoted to rear-admiral.

1917 T. E. Lawrence joins the forces of the Arabian sheik Feisal al Husayn, beginning his adventures that will lead him to Damascus by October, 1918

1919 British naval officer David Beatty is promoted to full admiral.

1934 Nazi Germany passes the "Law for the Prevention of Genetically Diseased Offspring".

1946 Emperor Hirohito of Japan announces he is not a god.

1957 George Town, Penang becomes a city by a royal charter granted by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.

1958 European Economic Community, better known as the European Common Market starts operation.

1962 Beatles' Decca audition is unsuccessful.

[Jimbuna]

1941 The U.S. government announces its Liberty ship program to build freighters in support of the war effort.

1942 The 28 nations at war with Axis powers pledge to make no separate peace deals.

1942 The United States Navy opens a blimp base at Lakehurst, New Jersey.

1944 First use of helicopters during warfare (British Atlantic patrol)

[Jimbuna]

1833 Britain seizes control of Falkland Islands in South Atlantic.

1941 Canada & US acquire air bases in Newfoundland (99 yr lease)

1944 Top Ace Major Greg "Pappy" Boyington is shot down in his Corsair by Captain Masajiro Kawato flying a Zero.

1945 British Premier Winston Churchill visits France.

1977 Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs incorporate Apple Computer, Inc.

1988 Margaret Thatcher becomes longest-serving British PM this century.

[Jimbuna]

1847 Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the United States government.

1939 Hermann Goering appoints Reinhard Heydrich head of Jewish Emigration.

1945 US jeep-aircraft carrier Ommaney Bay sinks after Japanese kamikaze attack.

1951 Korean War: Chinese forces recapture Seoul.

1989 US F-14s shoot down 2 Libyan jet fighters over Mediterranean.

[Jimbuna]

1781 British naval expedition led by Benedict Arnold burns Richmond, Virginia.

1895 French Captain Alfred Dreyfus, convicted of treason, publicly stripped of his rank; later exonerated.

1919 German Workers' Party forms, precursor to the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazi)

1930 Bonnie Parker meets Clyde Barrow for the first time at Clarence Clay's house.

1996 Hamas operative Yahya Ayyash is killed by an Israeli-planted booby-trapped cell phone.

[Jimbuna]

1940 Mass execution of Poles, committed by Germans in the city of Poznań, Warthegau.

1941 US President Franklin Roosevelt makes his "Four Freedoms" speech (freedom of speech and worship; freedom from want and fear) during his US State of Union address.

1950 Britain recognizes Communist government of China.

2000 The flu outbreak in Britain puts pressure on NHS

[Jimbuna]

1915 World War I: Germany's Kaiser Wilhelm approves strategic bombing of Britain, but forbids bombing London, fearing his relatives in the royal family might be killed.

1916 In response to pressure from President Woodrow Wilson, Germany notifies the US State Department that it will abide by strict international rules of maritime warfare.

1944 US Air Force announces production of 1st US jet fighter, the Bell P-59

1945 Lord Haw-Haw (William Joyce) reports total German victory in the Ardennes.

1953 US President Harry Truman announces American development of the hydrogen bomb.

1999 President Bill Clinton's impeachment trial begins in the US Senate after the House voted to impeach him for lying about his affair with Monica Lewinsky.

[Jimbuna]

1835 US national debt is $0 for the first and only time in history.

1940 Britain's first WW II rationing (bacon, butter & sugar)

1948 Queen Wilhelmina signs death sentence against Ans van Dijk for treason.

1966 The Who & the Kinks perform on the last "Shindig" TV show on ABC

2004 RMS Queen Mary 2, the largest passenger ship ever built, is christened by her namesake's granddaughter, Queen Elizabeth II

[Jimbuna]

1799 British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduces income tax to raise funds for the war against Napoleon.

1806 Admiral Viscount Horatio Nelson receives a state funeral and is interred in St Paul's Cathedral, London.

1855 Clipper "Guiding Star" disappears in Atlantic, 480 dead.

1941 Maiden flight by Canada's British-built Avro Lancaster military plane.

1969 First trial flight of Concorde supersonic jetliner, Bristol, England.

1983 British PM Margaret Thatcher visits Falkland Islands.

2007 Apple Inc CEO Steve Jobs announces the iPhone.

[Jimbuna]

1916 In retaliation for President Woodrow Wilson's recognition of the Carranza government, members of Pancho Villa's revolutionary army take 17 US mining engineers from a train and shoot 16 of them in cold blood.

1917 The Allied Governments respond to US President Woodrow Wilson's December 1916 note, giving their terms for ending the war.

1925 Allies refuse to evacuate the Cologne area of Germany as agreed.

1946 UN General Assembly meets for first time in London.

[Aktungbby]

2010 : Miep Gies, the Dutch office secretary who defied the Nazi occupiers to hide Anne Frank and her family for two years and saved the teenager's diary, died at age 100. :Kaleun_Salute:

[Jimbuna]

1920 French passenger ship Afrique sinks near La Rochelle; 553 die.

1964 First government report by US Surgeon General Luther Terry warning that smoking may be hazardous.

1981 British team led by Ranulph Fiennes completes longest & fastest crossing of Antarctica, reaching Scott base after 75 days (2,500 miles)

1989 140 nations agree to ban chemical weapons (poison gas, etc)

1995 DC-9 crashes near Maria La Baya, Colombia: 51 die, 9 yr old girl lives.

[Jimbuna]

1816 France decrees Bonaparte family excluded from the country forever.

1913 After using other pseudonyms over the years, Josef Dzhugashvili signs himself as Stalin ("man of steel") in a letter to the newspaper Social Democrat.

1916 Max Immelmann and Oswald Boelcke receive the Pour le Merite, the German Empire's highest military award, for achieving eight aerial victories each over Allied aircraft.

1945 German forces in Belgium retreat in Battle of Bulge.

1945 US Task Force 38 destroys 41 Japanese ships in Battle of South China Sea.

1962 Operation Ranch Hand begins, a US Air Force operation to spray South Vietnamese forests with defoliants such as Agent Orange.

1962 Operation Chopper begins, America's first combat mission in the Vietnam War.

1990 Romania bans Communist party (1st Warsaw Pact member to do so)

[Jimbuna]

1898 Emile Zola publishes his open letter "J'accuse" accusing the French government of framing Alfred Dreyfus for sabotage.

1915 Winston Churchill, First Lord of the Admiralty, presents plan for assault on Dardanelles.

1923 Taking advantage of the chaotic condition of Germany, Hitler stages a demonstration of 5000 storm troopers and denounces the 'November crime'

1942 German U-boats begin harassing shipping on US east coast.

1942 First use of aircraft ejection seat by a German test pilot in a Heinkel He 280 jet fighter.

1943 Adolf Hitler declares "Total War" against the Allies.

2000 Microsoft chairman Bill Gates steps aside as chief executive and promotes company president Steve Ballmer to the position.

[Jimbuna]

1784 US Congress of the Confederation ratifies the Treaty of Paris, signed September 3, 1783, ending the Revolutionary War, and forwards it to Great Britain.

1943 Heinrich Himmler views Warsaw.

1943 Japan begins Operation Ke, withdrawal of its troops from Guadalcanal.

1943 Franklin D. Roosevelt travels from Miami to Morocco to meet with Winston Churchill, becoming the first American president to travel overseas by airplane.

1943 Casablanca Conference begins between Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and other Allied representatives.

1960 US Army promotes Elvis Presley to Sergeant.

1969 25 members of US aircraft carrier Enterprise die during maneuvers.

1973 "Aloha from Hawaii", an Elvis Presley concert, becomes the most watched broadcast by an individual entertainer.

1989 1,000 muslims burn Salman Rushdies' "Satanic Verses" in Bradford, England.

[Aktungbby]

1973 "Aloha from Hawaii", an Elvis Presley concert, becomes the most watched broadcast by an individual entertainer.
He still looked pretty good!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q8mCbLYtUi0

[Jimbuna]

1815 War of 1812: the USS President, an American frigate, is captured by four British frigates.

1870 Donkey first used as symbol of Democratic Party, in Harper's Weekly.

1902 Abdulaziz Ibn Saud leads 40 men over the walls of Riyadh and takes the city, marking the beginning of the Third Saudi State.

1945 The Manhattan Project's G-5 Group, headed by Physicist's Donald Kerst and Seth Neddermeyer, take their first betatron pictures of a nuclear implosion at the Los Alamos Laboratory.

2001 Wikipedia a free Wiki or content encyclopedia is launched by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger.

[Aktungbby]

2001 Wikipedia a free Wiki or content encyclopedia is launched by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger.:subsim: nube AktungBBY routinely quoted Wiki without attribution and is yellow tagged for plagiarism...numerous times by scrupulous moderator, but was often rescued by yet another more enlightened moderator! Something sank into his 69-IQ brain, AkBBY now judiciously utilizes quotation marks assiduously!:D

[Aktungbby]

1945 The Manhattan Project's G-5 Group, headed by Physicist's Donald Kerst and Seth Neddermeyer, take their first betatron pictures of a nuclear implosion at the Los Alamos Laboratory.
"WHAT a fascinating modern age we live in"http://www.subsim.com/radioroom/images/ranks/luckyjack15.jpg:nope: https://fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/pubs/las28/cunningham.pdf photo: pg. 80

[Jimbuna]

1412 The Medici family is appointed official banker of the Papacy.

1547 Ivan IV the Terrible (17) crowns himself first tsar of Moscow.

1913 British House of Commons accepts Home Rule for Ireland (but the Great War gets in the way of it happening)

1917 "Zimmermann Telegram" is sent from Germany to Mexico, stating in the event of the US entering World War I on the allied side, Mexico would be given Texas, Arizona and New Mexico. Intercepted by British intelligence and partially deciphered by the next day. It's release in March shifts US public opinion in favour of war against Germany.

1918 Austria and Germany are disrupted by strikes as people express impatience with leaders continuing the war.

1944 General Eisenhower takes command of Allied Invasion Force in London.

1945 Adolf Hitler moves into the Fuhrerbunker, his underground bunker in Berlin.

1957 3 B-52s leave California for first non-stop round world flights.

1957 Cavern Club opens on Matthews Street in Liverpool, England, home of The Beatles' first appearance.

2001 US President Bill Clinton awards former President Theodore Roosevelt a posthumous Medal of Honor for his service in the Spanish–American War.

2003 The Space Shuttle Columbia takes off for mission STS-107 which would be its final one. Columbia disintegrates 16 days later on re-entry.

[Jimbuna]

1827 Duke of Wellington appointed British supreme commander.

1912 Captain Robert Scott's expedition arrives at the South Pole, one month after Roald Amundsen.

1929 Popeye makes first appearance, in comic strip "Thimble Theater"

1944 British corvette HMS Violet sinks U-641 in Atlantic Ocean.(other sources state 19th)

1945 Auschwitz concentration camp begins evacuation.

1945 Swedish diplomat Raoul Wallenberg, credited with saving tens of thousands of Jews from the Nazis, arrested by Soviet secret police in Hungary.

1951 China refuses ceases-fire in Korea.

1955 US Submarine Nautilus begins first nuclear-powered test voyage.

1961 Eisenhower allegedly orders assassination of Congo's Patrice Lumumba.

1991 Operation Desert Storm begins, with US-led coalition forces bombing Iraq, during the Gulf War.

2007 Doomsday Clock set to five minutes to midnight in response to North Korea's first nuclear test.

[Jimbuna]

1788 First elements of the First Fleet carrying 736 convicts from England to Australia arrives at Botany Bay to set up a penal colony.

1919 The Paris peace conference (aka the Versailles peace conference) opens to draw up the treaties formally ending the Great War (WWI)

1943 Soviets announce they have broken the long Siege of Leningrad by Nazi Germany by opening a narrow land corridor, though the siege would not be fully lifted until a year later.

1981 Iran accepts US offer of $7.9 billion in frozen assets.

[mapuc]

21 jan 1921 the first Hot Dog stand was placed in Copenhagen. You could only get a red crispy sausage with bread and mustard.

Markus

[Aktungbby]

1942: a German Uboat sinks the Canadian liner RMS Lady Hawkins off Cape Hatteras NC (a serious 'zone of death for shipping)killing 251 people; 71 survived.

[Jimbuna]

1915 World War I: 4 people in Norfolk are killed in the 1st German Zeppelin air raid attack on the United Kingdom.

1940 The Three Stooges film "You Nazty Spy!" about the Nazis released with the disclaimer "Any resemblance between the characters in this picture and any persons, living or dead, is a miracle."

1947 SS Himera runs aground at Athens, kills 392

1977 US President Ford pardons Iva Toguri D'Aquino (Tokyo Rose)

1981 US & Iran sign agreement to release 52 American hostages.

1983 Klaus Barbie, SS chief in Lyon in Nazi-occupied France, arrested in Bolivia.

[Aktungbby]

1887: the US Senate approves an agreement to lease Pearl Harbor in Hawaii as a naval base!!?? One wonders, in hindsight, if it had remained only a lease, instead of a dastardly coup of the independent nation of Hawaii by the greedy Dole-led Americans, creating a U S territory in the mid-Pacific, the Empire of Japan would have attacked...54 years later :hmmm:

[Jimbuna]

1841 China cedes Hong Kong to the British during the 1st Opium War.

1879 British troops under Lord Chelmsford make camp at Isandlwana.

1936 Edward VIII succeeds British King George V

1942 Nazi officials hold notorious Wannsee Conference in Berlin to organize the "final solution", the extermination of Europe's Jews.

1945 Franklin D. Roosevelt sworn-in for an unprecedented (and never to be repeated) 4th term as US President.

2009 Barack Obama, inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States of America, becomes the United States' first African-American president.

[Jimbuna]

1919 Irish militant nationalist party Sinn Féin creates its own parliament in Dublin and declares Ireland independent of Great Britain, sparking the Irish War of Independence.

1943 Admiral Sir Andrew Cunningham, Royal Navy, promoted to Admiral of the Fleet.

1944 447 German bombers attack London.

1944 649 British bombers attack Magdeburg.

1954 USS Nautilus, the first nuclear-powered submarine, launched on the Thames River in Connecticut.

1977 US President Jimmy Carter pardons almost all Vietnam War draft evaders.

[Jimbuna]

1771 Spain cedes Falkland Islands to Britain.

1879 Zulu warriors attack British Army camp in Isandhlwana, South Africa.

1879 Battle of Rorke's Drift: British garrison of 150 holds off 3,000-4,000 Zulu warriors. Eleven Victoria Crosses and a number of other decorations were awarded to the defenders.

2020 China locks down the city of Wuhan and its 11 million people, in an effort to control COVID-19 with a then official death toll of 17 and over 500 people ill.

[Jimbuna]

1795 War of the First Coalition: French cavalry captures 14 Dutch ships and 850 guns near the port of Den Helder - rare instance of cavalry capturing a fleet.

1920 Dutch refuse to turn over ex-Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany to allies.

1945 World War II: Karl Dönitz launches Operation Hannibal.

1973 US President Richard Nixon announces an accord has been reached to end Vietnam War.

2002 "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh returns to the United States in Federal Bureau of Investigation custody.

[Jimbuna]

41 Claudius succeeds his nephew Caligula as Roman Emperor after the later's assassination by officers of the Praetorian Guard.

1915 German-British sea battle at Dogger Bank & Helgoland.

1916 The Military Service Bill, calling for conscription of men for war services, passes in the British House of Commons.

1943 Adolf Hitler orders German troops at Stalingrad to fight to the death.

1943 Jewish patients, nurses and doctors incinerated at Auschwitz-Birkenau.

1972 Japanese Sgt. Shoichi Yokoi is found hiding in a Guam jungle, where he had been since the end of World War II.

2017 President Trump withdraws the US from the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA)

[Aktungbby]

1848: James W. Marshall discovers a gold nugget at Sutters Mill in northern California precipitating the 49er gold rush. 1970: AktungBBY, age 19, drives mom, siblings and Coco the English Springer in Country Squire wagon with trailer to California from Minnesota to join Dad in San José CA...1200 miles in pursuit of fortune-and eventual longhaul trukkin' career!.:haha: 1908: Boy Scout movement is formed by Robert Baden Powell.... 1963: following in Life Scout Dad's footsteps, AKBBY joins and becomes...a Tenderfoot ...the highest rank he'll ever attain at anything but at least I'm still "Brave, Clean! and Reverent" !:arrgh!::doh: :Kaleun_Salute:

[Jimbuna]

1840 American naval expedition under Charles Wilkes is first to identify Antarctica as a new continent.

1939 1st nuclear fission experiment (splitting of a uranium atom) in the US, in basement of Pupin Hall, Columbia University by a team including Enrico Fermi.

1955 Russia ends state of war with Germany.

1969 US-North Vietnamese peace talks begin in Paris.

1971 Military coup in Uganda under Major General Idi Amin.

1981 52 Americans held hostage by Iran for 444 days arrived back in US

1983 Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie arrested in Bolivia.

[Jimbuna]

1788 Captain Arthur Phillip and British colonists hoist the Union Flag at Sydney Cove, New South Wales, now celebrated as Australia Day.

1942 First US force in Europe during WW II go ashore in Northern Ireland.

1942 Italian supreme command demands dismissal of German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel.

1945 Soviet forces reach Auschwitz concentration camp.

1968 Israeli submarine Dakar sinks in Mediterranean Sea, 69 die.

1998 President Bill Clinton says "I want to say one thing to the American people; I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky"

[Jimbuna]

1924 Lenin placed in Mausoleum in Red Square, Moscow.

1944 Siege of Leningrad lifted by the Soviets after 880 days and more than 2 million Russians killed.

1945 Soviet troops liberate Auschwitz and Birkenau Concentration Camps in Poland.

1967 A fire in the Apollo 1 Command Module kills astronauts Gus Grissom, Ed White and Roger B. Chaffee during a launch rehearsal.

1968 French submarine Minerve disappears in the Mediterranean with the loss of 52 crew.

1973 US & North Vietnam's William Rogers & Nguyen Duy Trinh sign cease-fire, ending longest US war and military draft.

[Aktungbby]

1968 Israeli submarine Dakar sinks in Mediterranean Sea, 69 lost.

1968 French submarine Minerve disappears in the Mediterranean with the loss of 52 crew.
1968 was a bad year for losing submarines...(4 total) Weirdly, our advanced tech has enabled all to be found but the reasons for the sinkings in each case have never been adequately surmised. Bottom line: no matter the technology, submarining is a dangerous business.

[Jimbuna]

1915 First US ship lost in WW I, William P Frye (carrying wheat to UK)

1915 The United States Coast Guard is created by merging the US Life Saving Service & the US Revenue Cutter Service.

1942 WW II Navy flier Don Mason sends message "Sighted sub sank same"

1944 683 British bombers attack Berlin.

1944 U-271 & U-571 sunk off Ireland.

1958 The Lego company patents their design of Lego bricks, still compatible with bricks produced today.

1982 Italian police rescue US Brigadier General James Dozier, held hostage for six weeks by the Red Brigade of Padua, Italy.

1986 Space Shuttle Challenger explodes 73 seconds after liftoff from Cape Canaveral, with all 7 crew members killed, including Christa McAuliffe who was to be the first teacher in space.

[Jimbuna]

1595 William Shakespeare's play "Romeo and Juliet" is thought to have been first performed. Officially published early 1597.

1886 Karl Benz patents the "Benz Patent-Motorwagen" in Karlsruhe, Germany, the world's first automobile with a burning motor.

1892 The Coca-Cola Company is incorporated in Atlanta, Georgia.

1916 First bombing of Paris by German Zeppelins takes place.

1917 British submarine K13 sank in Gaire Loch, Scotland; 32 of her crew died.

1943 U.S. cruiser "Chicago" is heavily damaged by Japanese bombers on the first day of the Battle of Rennell Island.

1944 285 German bombers attack London.

1944 USS Missouri, the last battleship commissioned by the US Navy, is launched.

2002 US President George W. Bush in his State of the Union address describes "regimes that sponsor terror" an "Axis of Evil", which includes Iraq, Iran and North Korea.

[Jimbuna]

1661 Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England is ritually executed after having been dead for two years.

1933 President Paul von Hindenburg appoints Adolf Hitler as Reich Chancellor of Germany who forms a government with Franz von Papen.

1939 Adolf Hitler threatens Jews during his speech to the German Reichstag (Parliament)

1965 State Funeral of Winston Churchill at St Paul's Cathedral in London. Then world's largest ever state funeral.

1972 Bloody Sunday: 27 unarmed civilians are shot (14 are killed) by the British Army during a civil rights march in Derry, Northern Ireland; this is the highest death toll from a single shooting incident during 'the Troubles'

[Aktungbby]

1661 Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England is ritually executed and decapitated after having been dead for two years. Luckily he was dead...This was certainly a lesson in How not to get ahead in life 101 :/\\chop :rotfl2::oops::dead:
https://www.weirdhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/xray-profile-111.jpg https://olivercromwell.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/cromwells-head.jpg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUxdvcuaNSQ No doubt, the House of Lords approved it!:arrgh!:

[Jimbuna]

1915 First (German) poison gas attack, against Russians.

1917 Germany notifies US that U-boats will attack neutral merchant shipping.

1918 A series of accidental collisions on a misty Scottish night leads to the loss of two Royal Navy submarines with over a hundred lives, and damage to another five British warships.

1943 Field Marshal Friedrich Paulus surrenders to Soviet troops at Stalingrad.

1944 Operation-Overlord (D-Day) postponed until June.

1950 US President Harry Truman publicly announces support for the development of a hydrogen bomb.

1985 South African President P. W. Botha offers to free Nelson Mandela if he denounces violence.

[Aktungbby]

On February 1, 1865, the day after Congress approved the Thirteenth Amendment ending slavery, Charles Sumner introduced a motion that made John Stewart Rockhttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/John-rock.jpg/220px-John-rock.jpg the first black attorney to be admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of the United States. Rock became the first black person to be received on the floor of the United States House of Representatives.[8] There was much celebration the day he appeared there. Rock, a passionate abolitionist and civil rights leader, held a strong belief in the dignity and rights of all Americans. Like other abolitionists in the movement, such as George T. Downing and Robert Purvis, John Rock became a renowned public speaker and campaigned for equal rights. He was a part of the National Equal Rights League with other famous abolitionists such as Henry Highland Garnet, Frederick Douglass, and John Mercer Langston. Rock's speeches soon began to receive positive public reviews, which led him to travel throughout New England and, occasionally, westward. In 1855, Rock took part in the campaign responsible for the legal desegregation of Boston public schools.[10] Although he and other abolitionists were determined to see that equality for black Americans was achieved, there were several significant setbacks in the push for civil rights. The infamous Dred Scott decision was just one example of the rejection of this movement. Dred Scott, a slave, wanted to sue for his freedom, but on March 6, 1857 it was decided that the Missouri Compromise of 1820 was unconstitutional, and that African Americans were not intended to be citizens under the law.:nope: This established that Scott would not, in fact, receive his freedom. It was the verdict of this important court case that spurred Rock to continue in his pursuit as an abolitionist and later ignited his determination to start a new career. Rock is credited with coining the phrase "black is beautiful" during a speech he gave in Faneuil Hall in March 1858 as a refutation of the Western idea that the physical features of African Americans were unattractive. However, research on Rock's speeches in the Black Abolitionist Digital Archive have shown that he in fact did not say the exact words "black is beautiful", but did speak of the beauty of black people, praising "the beautiful, rich color ... of the negro". Rock's polished speeches were printed in William Lloyd Garrison's The Liberator as well as in general newspapers, promoting these central ideas. Close Enough IMHO!

[Jimbuna]

1587 Queen Elizabeth I of England signs death warrant for her cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots.

1917 German Großadmiral Alfred von Tirpitz announces unlimited submarine war.

1933 German Parliament is dissolved by President Paul von Hindenburg by the request of new chancellor Adolf Hitler.

1942 Second Norwegian government of Vidkun Quisling forms.

1950 USSR demands condemnation of Emperor Hirohito for war crimes.

1968 Saigon police chief Nguyễn Ngọc Loan executes Viet Cong officer Nguyễn Văn Lém with a pistol shot to head. The execution is captured by photographer Eddie Adams and becomes an anti-war icon.

2003 Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrates during reentry into the Earth's atmosphere, killing all seven astronauts aboard.

[Jimbuna]

1653 New Amsterdam becomes a city (later renamed New York)

1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends the Mexican–American War: US acquires Texas, California, New Mexico and Arizona for $15 million.

1944 Allied troops first set foot on Japanese territory.

1974 The F-16 Fighting Falcon flies for the first time.

[Jimbuna]

1917 US liner Housatonic is sunk by German submarine, on the same day that US President Woodrow Wilson breaks off diplomatic relations with Germany.

1919 The Bolshevik army is defeated in a series of clashes with the White Russians, who are fighting to reclaim the government after the 1917 revolution.

1943 4 chaplains on the SS Dorchester drown after giving up their life jackets to others.

1945 Almost 1,000 Flying Fortresses drop 3,000 tons of bombs on Berlin.

1962 US President John F. Kennedy bans all trade with Cuba except for food & drugs.

1965 105 USAF cadets resigned for cheating in exams.

[Aktungbby]

1917 US liner Housatonic is sunk by German submarine....precisely 157 years and 14 days after the first USSHousatonic is sunk by the first submarine H. L. Hunley at Charleston harbor....:hmmm:

[Jimbuna]

1194 100,000 ransom is paid for Richard I, King of England.

1789 First US electoral college chooses George Washington as President and John Adams as Vice-President.

1938 Adolf Hitler seizes control of German army and puts Nazis in key posts.

1942 Clinton Pierce becomes first US general wounded in action in WW II

1945 Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin meet at Yalta in the Crimea to discuss the final phase of World War II

1969 The Palestine National Congress appoints Yasser Arafat chairman of the PLO

1973 Reshef, Israel's missile boat, unveiled.

2004 Mark Zuckerberg launches Facebook from his Harvard dormitory room.

[Jimbuna]

1943 Amsterdam resistance group CS-6 shoots nazi general Seyffardt.

1945 US troops under General Douglas MacArthur enter Manilla.

1969 United States population reaches 200 million.

1973 Funeral for LC William Nolde, last US soldier killed in Vietnam War.

[Jimbuna]

1919 The first day of the Weimar Republic which, because of its support of the Treaty of Versailles, does not receive proper allegiance from the German nation.

1935 "Monopoly" board game goes on sale for first time.

1943 First Spitfire in action above Darwin, Australia, Mu Ki-46 shot down.

1952 Queen Elizabeth II succeeds King George VI to the British throne and proclaimed Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms including Canada, Australia and New Zealand.

1958 21 dead in air crash at Munich-Riem Airport; 8 players and 3 staff are from the Manchester United football team.

1959 First successful test-fire of Titan ICBM

1964 France & Great-Britain sign accord over building channel tunnel.

1968 Former President Dwight Eisenhower shot a hole-in-one.

1983 Trial of former Gestapo commandant Klaus Barbie begins in France for war crimes during World War II

[Jimbuna]

1783 Great Siege of Gibraltar launched by France and Spain against the British colony during American War of Independence is lifted after 3 years and 7 months.

1845 The Portland Vase, thought to date to the 1st century BC is shattered into more than 80 pieces by a drunken visitor to the British Museum.

1863 HMS Orpheus sinks off the coast of Auckland, New Zealand, killing 189

1920 Admiral Kolchak surrenders to Bolshevik troops and is executed.

1991 The IRA launches a mortar attack on 10 Downing Street during a cabinet meeting.

1992 Maastricht Treaty signed by 12 countries from the European Community (EC) to create the European Union (EU)

[Jimbuna]

1587 Mary, Queen of Scots, is beheaded at Fotheringhay Castle aged 44 after being convicted of plotting to assassinate Elizabeth I in the Babington Plot.

1807 Battle of Eylau ends inconclusively between Napoleon's forces and Russian Empire - first battle Napoleon isn't victorious.

1916 French cruiser "Admiral Charner" torpedoed off Syrian coast, kills 374

1918 "Stars & Stripes,", weekly US armed forces newspaper, first published.

1920 Bolshevik troops capture Odessa, bringing an end to foreign involvement in the resistance against Bolshevik rule.

1942 Congress advises FDR that, Americans of Japanese descent should be locked up en masse so they wouldn't oppose the US war effort.

1942 Nazi architect Albert Speer appointed Minister of Armaments by Adolf Hitler after death of Fritz Todt in a plane crash.

1960 Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom issued an Order-in-Council, stating that she and her family would be known as the House of Windsor, and that her descendants will take the name "Mountbatten-Windsor".

[Jimbuna]

1916 Britain's military service act enforced (conscription)

1922 World War Foreign Debt Commission is established by Congress to settle the problem of Allied war and postwar loans.

1941 Nazi collaborators destroy pro-Jewish café Alcazar Amsterdam (Alcazar refused to hang "No Entry for Jews" signs in front of cafe)

1944 U-734/U-238 sunk off Ireland.

1945 The Battle of the Atlantic: HMS Venturer sinks U-Boat 864 off the coast of Norway.

1961 The Beatles first gig at Liverpool's Cavern Club; they would play there nearly 300 times over the next two years.

1983 Belgium buys 44 F-16s

[Jimbuna]

1906 British battleship HMS Dreadnought launches after only 100 days, renders all other capital ships obsolete with its revolutionary design.

1915 US President Woodrow Wilson warns Germany that the US will hold it 'to a strict accountability' for 'property endangered or lives lost'

1915 US President Woodrow Wilson protests to Britain on the use of US flags on British merchant ships to deceive the Germans.

1916 Military conscription begins in Britain.

1944 U-666/U-545/U-283 sink off Ireland.

1947 WW II peace treaties signed.

1962 USSR swaps spy Francis Gary Power to US for Rudolph Abel.

1972 Two British soldiers are killed in a land mine attack near Cullyhanna, County Armagh; an IRA member is shot dead during an exchange of gunfire with RUC officers.

1975 The Provisional Irish Republican Army agrees to a truce and ceasefire with the British government and the Northern Ireland Office; Seven "incident centres" are established in nationalist areas to monitor the ceasefire.

[Jimbuna]

1916 Germany and Austria-Hungary notify the US that they will sink any armed merchant ships starting on 1 March.

1929 Vatican City, the world's smallest country, is made an enclave of Rome.

1943 US General Eisenhower selected to command the allied armies in Europe; British General Montgomery not best pleased.

1944 U-424 sunk off Ireland.

1946 World War II: Operation Deadlight ends after scuttling 116 of 156 captured U-boats.

1956 British diplomats Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean deny working as spies for Soviet Russia after reappearing in the Soviet Union after going missing 5 years earlier.

1998 KVBC-FM (Las Vegas) offers Monica Lewinsky $5M for interview.

[Jimbuna]

1915 Adolf Hitler receives the relatively common Iron Cross second class for bravery in World War I

1915 World War I: Kaiser Wilhelm approves the strategic bombing of London's docks.

1935 Great airship, USS Macon, crashes into Pacific Ocean.

1935 First secret demonstration of radio signals detecting aircraft by Robert Watson-Watt at Daventry, England.

1942 German battle cruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau and heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen escape from Brest to Germany in a dash up the English Channel.

1999 US President Bill Clinton acquitted by the Senate in his impeachment trial.

2013 North Korea allegedly conducts its third nuclear test, saying it was a nuclear device that could be weaponized.

[Jimbuna]

1917 Dutch exotic dancer Mata Hari is arrested in Paris on suspicion that she is a German spy.

1942 Hitler's Operation Sealion, the invasion of England, is cancelled.

1945 Allied planes begin bombing Dresden, Germany; a firestorm results and over 22,000 die.

1945 USSR captures Budapest, after a 49-day battle in which 159,000 die.

[Aktungbby]

1920: the League of Women Voters was founded in Chicago; its first president was Maude Wood Parks. My mom, a "rabid Republican" was a lifelong member and state chapter president!

[Jimbuna]

1797 The Battle of Cape St Vincent: British fleet under Admiral Sir John Jervis defeats larger Spanish fleet under Admiral Don José de Córdoba y Ramos near Cape St. Vincent, Portugal. Captain Horatio Nelson distinguishes himself.

1876 Alexander G. Bell & Elisha Gray apply separately for telephone patents Supreme Court eventually rules Bell rightful inventor.

1929 St Valentine's Day Massacre in Chicago, 7 gangsters killed, allegedly on Al Capone's orders.

1940 British merchant vessel fleet is armed.

1971 Richard Nixon installs secret taping system in the White House.

[Aktungbby]

1797 The Battle of Cape St Vincent: British fleet under Admiral Sir John Jervis defeats larger Spanish fleet under Admiral Don José de Córdoba y Ramos near Cape St. Vincent, Portugal. Captain Horatio Nelson distinguishes himself.
U should contact Pusser's Rum and get them to relabel their product slightly to :"Jervis' Blood" he does not get enough credit IMHO!:Kaleun_Salute: https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0214/9700/products/pussers-british-navy-nelsons-blood-15-years-aged-rum_afa831aa-724c-4135-a264-2641f0909b80_1200x.jpg?v=1520030081 A new portrait of Lord Nelson, by painter Leonardo Guzzardi, was recently discovered scars and all! https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/rv5RQjqUTSjzMNp44bw7mhbQBmI=/800x600/filters:no_upscale()/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/bf/18/bf18598f-bf8b-464c-9779-91822cff0072/nelson.jpg https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-portrait-lord-nelson-found-scars-and-all-180967205/ :Kaleun_Salute: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucking_the_monkey

[Jimbuna]

1939 German battleship Bismarck was launched.

1942 German U-boat shells Antillian oil refinery.

1942 British ruled Singapore surrenders to the Japanese.

1944 891 British bombers attack Berlin in the largest raid by the RAF against the city.

1944 Allies begin attack on Axis held Monte Cassino monastery, Italy.

1952 King George VI is buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, England.

1971 After 1,200 years Great Britain abandons pence & shilling system for decimal currency.

1978 Leon Spinks beats Muhammad Ali in 15 for heavyweight boxing title.

1989 Soviet military occupation of Afghanistan ends.

1998 The Angel of the North, a large-scale steel sculpture 20 m (66 ft) tall by Antony Gormley is installed at Gateshead, northern England.

[Jimbuna]

1659 First known cheque written (£400), now on display at Westminster Abbey.

1861 Abraham Lincoln stops his train at Westfield on his way to Washington to thank 11-year old Grace Bedell in person for her advice to grow a beard to gain more votes.

1916 The US rejects the right of Germany and Austria-Hungary to sink armed merchant ships.

1916 The German ambassador in Washington announces that Germany will pay an indemnity for American lives lost on the Lusitania.

1923 Howard Carter opens the inner burial chamber of Egyptian Pharaoh Tutankhamun's tomb and finds the sarcophagus.

1940 British search plane finds German supply ship Altmark, used to accommodate allied sailors from vessels sunk by the Graf Spee off Norway.

1942 German submarines attack Aruba oil refinery.

1942 Bangka Island massacre: Japanese soldiers machine-gun 22 Australian Army nurses and 60 Australian and British soldiers and crew members from two sunken ships. Only one nurse and two soldiers survive.

1992 Ethiopia finds the remains of former Emperor Haile Selassie on the grounds of the Imperial Palace, under the private lavatory of dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam, who overthrew the Emperor.

[Aktungbby]

1992 Ethiopia finds the remains of former Emperor Haile Selassie on the grounds of the Imperial Palace, under the private lavatory of dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam, who overthrew the Emperor.One could infer: Mr. Mariam did not think too highly of Mr. Selassie.... :shucks:

[Jimbuna]

1815 Treaty of Ghent ratified by the US Senate and signed by President James Madison ending War of 1812, over a month after it was signed in Europe.

1915 Edward Stone, fst US combatant to die in WW I, is mortally wounded.

1940 Altmark Incident: Crew of the British destroyer "Cossack" board German "Altmark" in Jøssingfjord, Norway, releasing 299 British prisoners after hand-to-hand fighting with bayonets and the last recorded Royal Naval action with a cutlass.

1972 British Parliament votes to join the European Common Market.

[Aktungbby]

One of the aspects of this thread, started 10/14/2013, was the impact of history on the poster themselves if any. For 171,278 :subsim: captains: largely descended from libidinous Neanderthals who got lucky with an attractive less-than-willing Cro-Magnons, today is the Day of Days! :yeah: 1864: Charleston, South Carolina harbor: the theory Works!! A submarine can sink a warship! :rock: The W L Hunly goes forth and sinks the USS Housatonic with a black powder spar charge: creating the military concept of 'offset undersea warfare against a greater surface Naval power power. Germany will expend valuable resources to the concept from 1914 to 1945 to gain Kaiser Wilhelm's' and Adolf Hitler's place in the sun and The United States will adapt the lessons learned, and carry the battle to the Japanese Empire after Pearl Harbor and willy nilly by and by a now frigid Houstononic naval enthusiast will create :subsim: and vôila! here we are: in our Mancaves digesting this post!:timeout: THe W.L. Hunley never returned from it's mission and thereby hangs a not so great mystery. Submarine warfare, even on its first outing, is DANGEROUS For openers, the Hunley was an unstable platform, and had killed its two previous crews during testing and development incl. the Man himself: WL Hunley. Equipped with a reduction geared cranking system and rudimentary twin-pipe schnorkel device when submerged beneath the surface. to allow air to 8 men hard at work a-crankin', a wave or passing ship's wake could send it to the bottom.. https://i1.wp.com/historyarch.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/W.-A.-Alexander-1863-Hunley-1.jpg?w=740 https://www.hunley.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Tube1.jpg The other great mistake was : Submarine warfare is based on stealth: the Yankee fleet blocking Charleston Harbor was perfectly aware of the existence of the Hunley ie: the element of surprise was lost.:hmmm: Two tragedies had now befallen the H. L. Hunley. The sinkings and visible recovery efforts that followed had created quite a stir in Charleston. It was not long before Rear Admiral John Dahlgren, the head of the Union blockading fleet, learned of the diving submarine from Confederate deserters. In response, Dahlgren ordered his blockading squadron to anchor in shallow water, hang ropes and chains over their sides as defensive measures, and deploy picket craft to keep torpedo-bearing boats away. These clever tactics were also the genesis of anti-submarine countermeasures. It wasn’t a sneak attack, CSA deserters and spies told the US about the sub and all picket ships were warned to take precautions.
Quote:
As night fell, Pickering ordered hammock netting to be deployed around Housatonic’s hull below the waterline as a measure
to foil subsurface attacks. He also ensured that the vessel could quickly slip its moorings and initiate evasive maneuvers in
the event of an enemy assault. A small detachment of sailors was placed near the shackle holding the anchor chain.
The anchor shackle was fitted with a wooden pin so it could be easily discarded, and the ship’s engines were set in reverse.
Additionally, the stokers in the boiler room maintained a steady head of 25 lb.* (11.34 kg) of steam in the boilers between
6p.m. and 6 a.m. so that the engines could be started immediately. Pickering also ordered Housatonic’s crew to maintain a
vigilant watch at all times. THe mystery of her disappearnce contines to this day even as the restoration of the vessel is ongoing and slow. It was originally thought that H.L. Hunley was sunk as the result of her own torpedo exploding, but some claim that she survived as long as an hour after destroying Housatonic. Support for the argument of H.L. Hunley's brief survival is a report by the commander of Fort Moultrie on Sullivan's Island that prearranged signals from the sub were observed, and answered; he did not say what the signal was. Further support comes from the testimony of a lookout on the sunken Housatonic, who reported seeing a "blue light" from his perch in the sunken ship's rigging. There was also a post-war claim that two "blue lights" were the prearranged signal between the sub and Fort Moultrie. "Blue light" at the time of the Civil War was a pyrotechnic signal in long use by the US Navy. Modern claims in published literature on H.L. Hunley have repeatedly and mistakenly been that the "blue light" was a blue lantern, when in fact no blue lantern was found on the recovered H.L. Hunley, and period dictionaries and military manuals confirm the 1864 use and meaning of "blue light."
This was the last time H.L. Hunley was heard from, until her recovery from the waters off Charleston, South Carolina. While returning to her naval station H.L. Hunley sank for unknown reasons. However, a team of historians managed to examine the submarine's remains, and theorized that a crewman on Housatonic was able to fire a rifle round into one of H.L. Hunley's viewing ports. A film entitled The Hunley was made about the story of H.L. Hunley and the sinking of the submarine H.L. Hunley.
New evidence announced by archaeologists in 2013 indicates that H.L. Hunley was less than 20 feet (6.1 m) away from the point of detonation – much closer than previously realized – and thus the explosion probably damaged the submarine as well as its target, although it was impossible to tell at the time due to concretion covering the hull. Later studies showed that the crew was probably instantly killed through blast injury caused by the close proximity of the torpedo. I cannot accept this last theory.
https://www.blueandgrayeducation.org/pdfs/newsletters/Dispatch_19-Jun-20.pdf Flemming was 22- year-old African-American marble cutter
from Cambridgeport, Massachusetts, who had enlisted in the Navy on either June 22, 1862, or
May 14, 1863. That gave him between nine and 20 months of sea experience by the time the
Housatonic was sunk, depending upon which enlistment date is accurate. His keen eyes were
the first on his ship to detect the approaching sub (another fact), which should dispel any doubts
about his observational skills. There was no social status so low as an African- American
landsman on a U.S. warship, yet while deposed by a white superior officer in an investigation
that might have assigned him some blame for the Housatonic’s loss, Flemming was
unintimidated and offered his unsolicited comment about the blue light. I find him to be a
courageous and reliable witness. On the evening of February 17, 1864, Flemming was on watch when he noticed a strange object in the water about 400 feet off the starboard bow. He alerted the officer of the guard, who dismissed the object as a log. "Queer-looking log," Flemming replied. Taking a closer look, he soon realized that the "log" wasn't floating with the tide, but was actually coming at a high rate of speed toward the Housatonic. across the tide!!?? Shouting that there was a torpedo approaching the ship,(as in Civil War era: "Damn the torpedos" not in the modern sense) Flemming alerted the rest of the crew, who started to get the Housatonic under way. However, it was too late; there was an explosion and, within five minutes, the Housatonic sank in 25 feet of water with a loss of five crewmen.
Let us look at the testimony in its unedited form, which supports the submarine as the source of
the blue light. The examining offer asked: “Did you see this object (the submarine) at any time
after you fired at it?” Flemming answered: “I did not. When the Canadaigua got astern, and lying
athwart of the Housatonic, about four ships lengths off, while I was in the fore rigging I saw a
blue light on the water just ahead of the Canandaigua, and on the starboard quarters of the
Housatonic.” Flemming could have stopped his answer after saying “I did not,” but he added,
without being prompted, his statement about the blue light. He was obviously eager to tell the
officer that he didn’t see the sub itself, but he sure knew where it was, because its position was
marked by the blue light. He couldn’t see the sub for the same reasons he didn’t see it approach
his ship until it was too late for the Housatonic to defend itself or escape: The sub was black,
quiet, its hull barely awash, and it was over 800 feet (“four ships lengths”) from his observation
point on the sunken ship. It was a stealth vessel, invisible to Flemming even on a night brightly
lit by an almost full moon. The attack took place between approximately 8:45 and 9:00 PM. The time that the blue signal light was witnessed and answered by Battery Marshall may have been sometime around 9:30 PM, which is when a blue light was observed on the water near the assisting USS Canandaigua by Seaman Robert Flemming, who had climbed up into the rigging of the settling Housatonic Clearly Landsman Flemming had seen the Hunley, well away from its victim, having cranked off several hundred yards from his stricken vessel. With the missing propeller shroud and propeller scoring on the remnant shroud I think the USS Canadaiuga, rushing to assist the stricken USS Housatonic, struck and forced the unstable Hunley, probably more by its passing wake, under; where, having lit an inbound candle and a blue signal lamp, simply ran out of precious oxygen (est. 2 hrs. tops for 7 crankmen! )waiting on the bottom for the inbound tide with its anchor deployed against a strong outbound tide that had been critically instrumental in carrying the sub to its target. When rediscovered, the schnorkel was not deployed.... https://i1.wp.com/historyarch.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/65261009212.jpg?resize=1024%2C732 https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1635/upload/NNPS_903_D367_-61492.pdf In retrospect, the Confederate submersible operations, and specifically H.L. Hunley‘s successful engagement of Housatonic, had several significant effects on U.S. Navy operations. They acted as a powerful psychological warfare tool, causing fear among the squadrons, particularly within the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron following the Hunley‘s action. They caused expensive and logistically intensive modifications to Federal blockading strategies through causing heightened security in the vessels on station, requiring them to be ready to get underway at all times, and forcing them to be redeployed further offshore at night, which in the case of Charleston perhaps allowed a greater possibility for blockade runners to get through to that besieged port. Finally, they may have provided the impetus for accelerated Federal attempts to gather intelligence on such craft, conduct their own research, and develop similar weapons. But while such attempts had been underway as early as 1861, it was the H.L. Hunley‘s attack on the Housatonic that defined to the U.S. Navy the danger of the submersible torpedo craft in Southern waters, and demonstrated to the world the vast potential of the submersible vessel in future naval strategy.

[Jimbuna]

1879 Sculptor Frédéric-Auguste Bartholdi is awarded a patent for his design for the Statue of Liberty.

1884 General Charles Gordon arrives in Khartoum.

1901 Winston Churchill makes his maiden speech in the British House of Commons.

1915 Germany begins a blockade of Britain.

1916 The last German garrison in the German colony of Cameroons surrenders.

1921 British troops occupy Dublin.

1977 Space Shuttle above a Boeing 747 goes on its maiden flight.

[Jimbuna]

1910 Typhoid Mary [Mary Mallon] is freed from her first period of forced isolation and goes on to cause several further outbreaks of typhoid in the New York area.

1914 Four-year old Charlotte May Pierstorff mailed by train from Grangeville, Idaho to her grandparents’ house 73 miles away in most famous 'child in the post' instance.

1915 British fleet opens fire on Dardanelles coast.

1942 About 150 Japanese warplanes attack the Australian city of Darwin.

1942 FDR orders detention & internment of all west-coast Japanese-Americans.

1944 U-264 sinks off Ireland/

1945 980 Japanese soldiers reportedly killed by crocodiles in 2 days on Ramree Island, Burma.

1945 US 5th Fleet launches invasion of Iwo Jima against the Japanese with 30,000 US Marines.

1964 UK flies ½ ton of The Beatles wigs to the US

[Jimbuna]

1938 UK Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden resigns stating Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain has appeased Nazi Germany.

1947 Earl Mountbatten of Burma appointed as last viceroy of India to oversee the move to independence.

1947 State of Prussia ceases to exist.

[Jimbuna]

1916 Battle of Verdun begins with a German offensive, leads to an estimated 1 million casualties and becomes the longest battle of the entire war (9 months)

1917 British troopship SS Mendi sinks off Isle of Wight, 646 die.

1964 UK flies 24,000 rolls of Beatles wallpaper to US

[Jimbuna]

1797 The Last Invasion of Britain, launched by the French during the Revolutionary Wars, begins near Fishguard, Wales.

1825 Russia & Britain establish Alaska-Canada boundary.

1909 Great White Fleet, 1st US fleet to circle the globe, returns to Virginia.

1915 Germany begins "unrestricted" submarine war.

1940 German air force sinks 2 German destroyers, killing 578 (Operation Wikinger)

1942 President Franklin Roosevelt orders General Douglas MacArthur out of the Philippines as American defences collapse.

1944 US Army Air Forces accidentally bomb Dutch town of Nijmegen, around 800 civilians die.

1967 25,000 US and South Vietnamese troops launch Operation Junction City against the Viet Cong. Largest US airborne assault since WWII

[Jimbuna]

1836 Alamo besieged for 13 days until March 6 by Mexican army under General Santa Anna; entire garrison eventually killed.

1942 Japanese submarine fires on oil refinery in Ellwood, California.

1945 US Marines raise American flag on top of Mt. Suribachi, Iwo Jima. Photo of which by Joe Rosenthall later became iconic, inspiring the Marine Corps War Memorial sculpture.

1998 Osama bin Laden publishes a fatwa declaring jihad against all Jews and Crusaders.

[Jimbuna]

1917 German plan to get Mexican help in WW I exposed (Zimmerman telegram)

1942 The "Battle of Los Angeles" takes place, a series of anti-aircraft engagements over the city in response to a rumored but false Japanese attack. It would last until the morning of the following day.

1981 Britain's Prince Charles announces engagement to Lady Diana Spencer.

2008 Fidel Castro retires as the President of Cuba due to ill health after nearly fifty years.

[Jimbuna]

1916 German troops conquer Fort Douaumont without firing a shot, the largest and highest fort defending the city of Verdun during World War I

1932 Austrian immigrant Adolf Hitler gets German citizenship.

1933 First genuine US aircraft carrier named, USS Ranger.

1939 First Anderson bomb shelter in Britain erected in an Islington garden.

1964 Muhammad Ali [Cassius Clay] wins his first world heavyweight boxing title when Sonny Liston fails to come out for round 7 at the Convention Center, Miami Beach.

1991 US, barracks in Dhahran Saudi Arabia, hit by scud missile, kills 28

[Jimbuna]

1797 Bank of England issues first £1 note.

1815 Napoleon Bonaparte and his supporters leave Elba to start a 100 day re-conquest of France.

1914 HMHS Britannic, sister to the Titanic, is launched at Harland & Wolff, Belfast.

1915 Malancourt, Argonnen 1st (German) flame-thrower.

1916 Germans sink French transport ship Provence II, killing 930

1924 Trial against Hitler for treason in "Beer Hall Putsch" in Munich begins.

1935 German Luftwaffe is re-formed under Reichsmarshall Hermann Goering.

1935 RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) first demonstrated by Robert Watson-Watt.

1942 German battle cruiser Gneisenau deactivated by bomb.

1952 PM Winston Churchill announces Britain has its own atomic bomb.

[Jimbuna]

1933 The Reichstag, German parliament building, destroyed by fire; possibly set by the Nazis, who blame and execute Martin van der Lubbe, a Dutch Communist.

1942 Battle of Java Sea began: 13 US warships sunk and 2 Japanese.

1990 Final day of the rum ration in the Royal New Zealand Navy.

2012 Wikileaks begins disclosing 5 million emails from private intelligence company Stratfor.

[Jimbuna]

1933 On Adolf Hitler's advice, German President Paul von Hindenburg signs the Reichstag Fire Decree after the building is destroyed by fire in Berlin; this eliminates many civil liberties in Germany.

1967 A West German court rules that impostor Anna Anderson failed to prove that she was missing Russian duchess Anastasia Romanov, ending a legal case that lasted almost 30 years.

1971 A British soldier dies in Derry after his vehicle had been attacked with petrol bombs (he died as a result of inhaling chemicals from fire extinguishers that were used to put out the fire)

1995 The US Pentagon announces that it monitored Iranian installation of surface-to-air Hawk missiles in the Strait of Hormuz.

[Jimbuna]

1854 SS City of Glasgow leaves Liverpool harbour with approximately 480 passengers and crew; she was never seen again.

1913 David Beatty becomes Rear-Admiral Commanding the Royal Navy's 1st Battlecruiser Squadron.

1916 Germany begins attacking ships in the Atlantic.

1939 Japanese Imperial Army ammunition dump exploded at Hirakata, Osaka, Japan, killing 94

1941 Himmler inspects Auschwitz concentration camp.

1942 3 day Battle of Java Sea ends, US suffers a major naval defeat.

1954 US explodes Castle Bravo, a 15 megaton hydrogen bomb at Bikini Atoll, which accidentally became the most powerful nuclear device ever detonated by the US

[Jimbuna]

1836 Republic of Texas declares independence from Mexico in Columbia.

1882 Queen Victoria narrowly escapes assassination when Roderick Maclean shoots at her while boarding a train in Windsor.

1943 First transport from Westerbork Netherlands to Sobibor concentration camp.

1968 USAF displays Lockheed C-5A Galaxy, biggest plane in the world, with a cargo compartment 37m long.

1969 First test flight of the supersonic Concorde.

1974 Grand jury concludes US President Richard Nixon is involved in Watergate cover-up.

1991 US Army controversially destroys a retreating Iraqi Republican Guard column at Rumaila Oil Field, despite a ceasefire being observed.

[Jimbuna]

1917 German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann publicly admits the "Zimmermann Telegram" is genuine. Generates support for the US declaration of war on Germany in April.

1942 First combat flight for Canadian British-built Avro Lancaster bomber.

1945 Winston Churchill visits Field Marshal Montgomery's headquarters.

1991 Los Angeles police officers severely beat motorist Rodney King, the beating is famously captured on amateur video and later leads to riots when the police officers are acquitted.

[Jimbuna]

1936 First flight of the airship Hindenburg at Friedrichshafen, Germany.

1944 First US bombing of Berlin.

1945 In the United Kingdom, Princess Elizabeth, later Queen Elizabeth II, joins the British Auxiliary Transport Service as a driver.

1966 John Lennon says "We (the Beatles) are more popular than Jesus"

1970 French submarine "Eurydice" explodes off Cape Camarat in the Mediterranean, all 57 crew lost.

[Jimbuna]

1946 Winston Churchill's "Iron Curtain" speech in Fulton, Missouri, popularizes the term and draws attention to the division of Europe.

[Jimbuna]

1836 Battle of the Alamo: After 13 days of fighting 1,500-3,000 Mexican soldiers overwhelm the Texan defenders, killing 182-257 Texans including William Travis, Jim Bowie and Davy Crockett.

1899 "Aspirin" (acetylsalicylic acid) patented by Felix Hoffmann at German company Bayer.

1918 US naval boat "Cyclops" disappears in Bermuda Triangle.

1951 The trial of Julius Rosenberg and his wife Ethel Rosenberg begins.

[Jimbuna]

1936 Adolf Hitler breaks the Treaty of Versailles by sending troops into the Rhineland.

1942 15 Mk-VB Spitfires reach Malta.

1945 Attack on car of Netherlands SS Police Chief Hans Rauter by Dutch resistance, Rauter injured.

1945 US 9th Armoured Division attacks Remagen Germany, crosses Rhine.

1946 Bikini Atoll islanders are evacuated by the US government to make way for a nuclear testing site.

1974 "USS Monitor", Union Ship sunk in 1862 during US Civil War, restored at Cape Hatteras.

[Jimbuna]

1915 First US navy minelayer, Baltimore, commissioned.

1943 335 allied bombers attack German city of Nuremberg, a centre for military production.

1973 The Provisional Irish Republican Army undertakes its first operation in Great Britain, planting four car bombs in London; 10 members of PIRA are arrested at Heathrow Airport while trying to leave the country.

2014 Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 with 239 people loses contact and disappears, prompting the most expensive search effort in history and one of the most enduring aviation mysteries.

[Jimbuna]

1834 French Foreign Legion is founded.

1862 USS Monitor and CSS Merrimack battle in Hampton Roads.

1945 334 US B-29 Superfortresses attack Tokyo with 120,000 fire bombs.

1951 Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam submit a classified paper at the Los Alamos lab, in which they proposed their revolutionary new design, staged implosion, for a practical megaton-range hydrogen bomb.

1974 Last Japanese soldier, a guerrilla operating in the Philippines, surrenders, 29 years after World War II ended.

[Aktungbby]

1862 USS Monitor and CSS Merrimack battle in Hampton Roads.
1951 Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam submit a classified paper at the Los Alamos lab, in which they proposed their revolutionary new design, staged implosion, for a practical megaton-range hydrogen bomb.

1974 Last Japanese soldier, a guerrilla operating in the Philippines, surrenders, 29 years after World War II ended. Big Bang Theory....culminates at Jutland 59 years later:hmmm:; meets Bigger Bang theory with Cold War standoff(MAD: mutual assured destruction) still ongoing 70 years later!:k_confused:... meets No Bang Left...Sayonara BBY:Kaleun_Salute:

[Jimbuna]

1783 USS Alliance under Captain Barry fights and wins last naval battle of US Revolutionary War off Cape Canaveral.

1920 Home Rule Act passed by the British Parliament, dividing Ireland into two parts; it is rejected by the southern counties, where the Ango-Irish war continues for a year.

1927 Bavaria lifts ban on Adolf Hitler's speeches.

1944 U-575 sinks British corvette HMS Asphodel in the Atlantic Ocean killing 92 of the 97 men aboard.

1945 Tokyo on fire after night time B-29 bombings, more than 100,000 people die, mostly civilians.

[Jimbuna]

1918 Moscow becomes capital of revolutionary Russia.

1941 FDR signs Lend-Lease Bill.

1958 American B-47 accidentally drops nuclear bomb 15,000 ft on a family home in Mars Bluff, South Carolina; creates crater 75 ft across, bomb without its nuclear capsule.

2018 China's National People's Congress approves removal of term limits for a leader, will allow Xi Jinping presidency for life.

2020 COVID-19 declared a pandemic by the head of the World Health Organization Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, with 121,564 cases worldwide and 4,373 deaths.

[Aktungbby]

One of the aspects of this thread, started 10/14/2013, was the impact of history on the poster themselves...if any. 1664 England's King Charles II Grant's an area of land on the east coast of North 'Merica known as New Netherland to his brother James, the Duke of York...287 Years later to the day, I got born there in Bronxville just outside of The Big Apple! :o:timeout::shucks: Thanks Chuck! :arrgh!:

[Jimbuna]

1916 French airship mistakenly attacks and sinks British submarine D3 with loss of all hands.

1917 A German submarine sinks an unarmed US merchant ship, the 'Algonquin' on the same day that US President Woodrow Wilson gives executive order to arm US merchant ships.

1938 Nazi Germany invades Austria (Anschluss)

[Jimbuna]

1781 William Herschel sees what he thinks is a "comet" but is actually the discovery of the planet Uranus.

1884 Siege of Khartoum, Sudan begins by Mahdist forces, lasts 10 months.

1933 Joseph Goebbels becomes Nazi Germany's Minister of Information and Propaganda.

1943 Failed assassin attempt on Adolf Hitler during Smolensk-Rastenburg flight.

1943 Nazis liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków; Oskar Schindler with advance information, saves his workers by keeping them in his factory overnight.

2019 US grounds all Boeing 737 Max aircraft after bans by others countries following the plane type's second crash in Ethiopia.

[Jimbuna]

1915 German cruiser Dresden scuttled off Más a Tierra, Chile, having been pursued by the Royal Navy after the Battle of the Falkland Islands, with her engines worn out and virtually no coal.

1918 First concrete ship to cross the Atlantic (Faith) is launched in San Francisco.

1943 Kraków Ghetto is "liquidated"

2013 Xi Jinping is named as the new President of the People's Republic of China.

[Jimbuna]

44 BC Julius Caesar is stabbed to death by Brutus, Cassius and several other Roman senators on the Ides of March in Rome.

1939 Adolf Hitler summons Czech President Emil Hácha to a meeting in Berlin and informs him of the impending attack by Germany; Hácha suffers a heart attack and later capitulates.

1939 Reneging on his pledge in the Munich Agreement, Adolf Hitler and Germany occupy and annex Czechoslovakia.

1940 Hermann Goering says 100-200 church bells enough for Germany, smelt the rest.

1944 Italian town of Cassino destroyed by Allied bombing.

1951 UN forces recapture Seoul, the fourth and final time the city changes hands in the Korean War.

[Jimbuna]

1915 British battle cruisers Inflexible and Irresistible hit mines in Dardanelles.

1935 Adolf Hitler orders German re-armament in violation of The Treaty of Versailles.

1940 German air raid on British fleet base Scapa Flow.

1944 French Vichy Internal minister Pierre Pucheu sentenced to death for treason.

1945 Würzburg, Germany is 90% destroyed, with 5,000 dead, in only 20 minutes by British bombers.

1955 President Eisenhower upholds the use of atomic weapons in case of war.

1988 Chemical attack on Kurdish town of Halabja by Iraqi forces kills 5000 civilians - largest ever chemical weapons attack.

[Jimbuna]

1942 Bełżec Concentration Camp opens with the transport of 30,000 Lublin Polish Jews.

1942 General Doug MacArthur arrives in Australia to become supreme commander.

1944 Mount Vesuvius in Italy erupts after months of volcanic unrest, destroying several towns near the volcano.

1960 US President Eisenhower forms anti-Castro-exile army under the CIA

1966 US submarine locates missing hydrogen bomb on the Mediterranean sea floor.

1970 US casts their first UN Security Council veto (Support England)

[Jimbuna]

1890 German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck resigns after 19 years after disagreement with German Emperor Wilhelm II

1940 Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler meet at Brenner Pass where the Italian dictator agrees he will, in due course, join Germany's impending war effort in the west.

1965 Cosmonaut Alexey Leonov, leaving his spacecraft Voskhod 2 for 12 minutes, becomes the first person to walk in space.

[Aktungbby]

1944 Mount Vesuvius in Italy erupts after months of volcanic unrest, destroying several towns near the volcano.
The eruption in the middle of the italian campaign had some strange consequences. Only a 3 on the VEI scale; not a 5 as the AD 97 eruption that destroyed Herculanium and Pompei, there were consequences to the 340th Bombardment Group of which author Joseph Heller (Catch 22)was member. But even Vesuvius does not always have Vesuvian eruptions. Between A.D. 79 and 1944, Vesuvius experienced 27 significant eruptions . The 1944 eruption, like eight of the 10 previous eruptions, was effusive-explosive, combining flowing lava with violent expulsions of rock and ash. The other two were purely effusive, including one in 1855 that sent a lava flow into San Sebastiano. The last explosive eruption of Vesuvius occurred on Aug. 8, 1779, ejecting lava fountains up to a kilometer above the crater.

The 1944 eruption ejected 0.01 cubic kilometers of material, ranking it a 3 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index , which ranges from zero to 8 and is based largely on the volume of ejecta. By comparison, the A.D. 79 eruption was a VEI 5, the same as the 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption. A VEI-4 eruption of Vesuvius in 1631 ejected 0.2 to 1.1 cubic kilometers of material, some of which fell 1,200 kilometers away in Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey), and killed an estimated 4,000 people. On the other side of the volcano from San Sebastiano, at Pompeii Airfield in Poggiomarino, a few kilometers east of the base of Vesuvius near the town of Terzigno, the U.S. Army Air Force’s 340th Bombardment Group at first thought they would not need to evacuate. The unit’s experiences with Vesuvius are described in a series of diary entries written by Sgt. Robert F. McRae.
On March 20, 1944, he wrote: “As I sit in my tent … I can hear at four- to 10-second intervals the loud rumbling of the volcano on the third day of its present eruption. The noise is like that of bowling balls slapping into the pins on a giant bowling alley. To look above the mountain tonight, one would think that the world was on fire. The thickly clouded sky glows like that above a huge forest fire. Glowing brighter as new spouts of flame and lava are spewn from the crater. As the clouds pass from across the top of the mountain, the flame and lava can be seen shooting high into the sky to spill over the sides and run in red streams down the slopes. ... Today it is estimated that a path of molten lava 1 mile long, half a mile wide, and 8 feet deep is rolling down the mountain. Towns on the slopes are preparing to evacuate. Our location is, apparently, safe. At any rate no one here, civilian or Army authorities, seems too much worried. Lava has not started to flow down this side of the mountain as yet but is flowing on the other side toward Naples.” But their luck would soon change — something for which the unit was known. The unit’s unlucky reputation — famously noted in the 1961 novel “Catch-22” by author Joseph Heller (who joined the 340th as a B-25 bombardier in May 1944 on Corsica, where the unit was relocated after the eruption) — was based largely on the high fatality rates for bomber crews. But it was also exacerbated by its encounter with Vesuvius. On March 21, McRae wrote: “At about 5:30 p.m. small streams of lava began running down our side of the mountain. The first on this side. Soon many swift, fiery streams were flowing in all directions. The rumbling continues — more prolonged now. This evening it would seem that the whole top of the mountain is burning. Fiery patches here and there resemble a log which is just burning out. Heavy explosions occur followed by prolonged rumbling while sparks and molten lava are thrown high into the air to fall like rain on all sides of the cone.”

McRae didn’t write again until March 29. In the intervening eight days, the crews had been evacuated to a nearby airfield where they spent a frigid night in a tobacco shed, leaving their airplanes behind. McRae, part of the team sent to inspect the damage, later reported “almost complete devastation” with “tents torn to ribbons” and “88 B-25 Mitchells — $25 million worth of aircraft … a total loss.” http://www.earthmagazine.org/sites/earthmagazine.org/files/2016-03/12thAF041.png https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/SNPDWLwmNzd82jDN0WbRkJfobPaDlttL2CdsFsfrK85yN65-cJj5yobn0A8_gPsj_sZUfzcoB1L-pQxvmF7Hx6A
The damage to the bombers, some of which were ultimately repaired and returned to service, was not reported in the U.S. press until late April. Germany, however, was aware of the losses earlier. In a mid-April diary entry, McRae noted that Axis Sally, an American who broadcast German propaganda from Berlin, said that Vesuvius had decimated the 340th Bomb Group. “Actually a sprained wrist and a few minor cuts were the only casualties,” he wrote.
While Vesuvius claimed no military fatalities during the 1944 eruption, 26 Italian civilians were killed and nearly 12,000 were displaced. Most died near Salerno, where heavy ashfall collapsed roofs. Falling volcanic rock killed three in Terzigno. And in San Sebastiano, hot ash boiled a water tank, which exploded, killing two children. After the Allied invasion of Italy in the fall of 1943, U.S. and British forces had advanced north from the beachheads at Salerno and taken Naples and the surrounding countryside but fighting continued in the north. With the Italian government in disarray, it was the U.S. military that took command of public safety and the evacuations. https://www.earthmagazine.org/sites/earthmagazine.org/files/styles/full_width/public/2016-03/Mt_Vesuvius_Erupting.png?itok=VOVnI6SH Having been adamently trained to avoid Nimbus clouds in my Cessna172, ...what R those B-25 guys even doing that close to that cloud??!!:k_confused:

[Jimbuna]

1920 US Senate rejects Treaty of Versailles for second time refusing to ratify League of Nations' covenant (maintaining isolation policy)

1945 800 killed as Kamikaze attacked USS Franklin off Japan.

1945 Adolf Hitler issues "Nero Decree" to destroy all German factories.

1985 US Senate votes 55-45 to authorize production of the MX "Peacekeeper" intercontinental ballistic missile.

2003 Airstrikes by an American and British-led coalition signal the beginning of the Invasion of Iraq, without United Nations support and in defiance of world opinion.

[Jimbuna]

1815 Napoleon enters Paris after escape from Elba, begins 100-day rule.

1917 After the sinking of 3 more American merchant ships, US President Woodrow Wilson meets with cabinet, who agree that war is inevitable.

1933 Dachau the first Nazi concentration camp, is completed.

1934 Rudolf Kuhnold demonstrates radar in Kiel Germany.

1942 General Douglas MacArthur vows "I came through and I shall return" after escaping Japanese-occupied Philippines.

1945 US 70th Infantry Division captures Saarbrucken, immediately prior the invasion of Germany by the western Allies.

1972 Donegall Street bombing: the Provisional Irish Republican Army detonate its first car bomb on Donegall Street in Belfast; four civilians, two RUC officers and a UDR soldier killed while 148 people were wounded.

[Jimbuna]

1933 Day of Potsdam in Nazi Germany, a ceremony to open the new Reichstag after the fire in February; Adolf Hitler and Paul von Hindenburg shake hands in public.

1943 Assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler fails.

2014 Russia formally annexes Crimea amid international condemnation.

[Jimbuna]

1941 James Stewart is inducted into the Army, becoming the first major American movie star to wear a military uniform in World War II

1944 American movie star Jimmy Stewart flies his 12th combat mission, leading the 2nd Bomb Wing in an attack on Berlin.

1965 US confirms its troops used chemical warfare against the Vietcong.

2018 US President Donald Trump imposes $60 billion worth of tariffs on Chinese imports.

[Jimbuna]

1918 Germany begins using long-range gun, the 'Kaiser Wilhelm Geschütz' ('Emperor William Gun'), aka 'Paris Gun' to shell Paris from Crépy-en-Laonnais, 75 miles away; over several days, 303 rounds kill 256 and wound over 600

1933 Enabling Act: German Reichstag grants Adolf Hitler dictatorial powers.

1945 Battle of Okinawa: US Navy ships bomb the Japanese island of Okinawa in preparation for the Allied invasion; it would become the largest battle of the Pacific War in World War II

2019 Syrian Democratic Forces announce that the last Islamic State territory has been retaken raising flags in Baghuz, Syria and ending the five-year Islamic State "caliphate"

[Jimbuna]

1603 Scottish King James VI son of Mary Queen of Scots, becomes King James I of England in succession to Elizabeth I, thus joining the English and Scottish crowns.

1916 German submarines torpedo the unarmed French cross-channel packet 'Sussex'

1942 US government begins moving native-born citizens with Japanese ancestry into detention centres under Executive Order 9066, with intention of preventing home-grown espionage.

1944 76 Allied officers escape Stalag Luft 3 (Great Escape)

1944 RAF rear gunner Nicholas Alkemade survives a jump from his Lancaster bomber 18,000 feet over Germany without a parachute; his fall broken by pine trees and soft snow, suffers only a sprained leg.

1945 Operation Varsity: In the largest one-day airborne operation of all time, British, US & Canadian paratroopers land east of the Rhine in Northern Germany.

1958 Elvis Presley joins the U.S. Army (serial number 53310761)

2020 Indian PM Narendra Modi orders a 21 day lockdown for world's second most populous country of 1.3 billion people to deal with COVID-19

2020 China's Hubei province, the original center of the COVID-19 outbreak eases restrictions on travel after a nearly two-month lockdown.

[Aktungbby]

1915: the US Navy loses its first commissioned submarine, the USS F-4, sunk of Hawaii with the loss of all 21 crew members http://militaryhonors.sid-hill.us/history/f4-hist1.htm https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/USS_F-4_1913.jpg Navy investigating board later attributed the accident to the corrosion of rivets in the lead lining of a ballast tank, most likely caused by sulfuric acid. This corrosion permitted seawater to seep into the battery compartment. According to U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, "As the sea valves of the ballast tank were open as usual, additional water entered the hull, probably to the extent of several tons. This caused the boat to sink to a bottom depth of 288 feet within two to four minutes, where the water pressure was so enormous as to open her seams," flooding the vessel.

[Jimbuna]

1917 Canadian flying ace Billy Bishop claims his first victory, shooting down and mortally wounding German Leutnant Theiller.

1919 Woodrow Wilson's dream of a League of Nations becomes a reality after the League Covenant is adopted at the Paris Peace Conference.

1960 First guided missile launched from nuclear powered sub (Halibut)

[Jimbuna]

1942 First "Eichmann transport" to Auschwitz & Birkenau concentration camps.

1944 705 British bombers attack Essen, Germany.

1945 Allies led by US Marine Corps secure island of Iwo Jima from Imperial Japanese Army, after 18,000 Japanese & 6,000 Americans killed.

1945 British premier Winston Churchill looks over at the Rhine (near Ginsberg)

1945 Allied generals Dwight D. Eisenhower, Omar Bradley and George S. Patton launch attack at Remagen on the Rhine.

1945 US 7th Army crosses Rhine at Worms.

1976 Queen Elizabeth II sent out the first royal email, from the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment.

[Aktungbby]

1977: in aviation's worst disaster, 583 people were killed when a KLM
Boeing 747, rolling on takeoff in heavy fog crashed into a PanAm 747 taxiing across the runway on the Canary Island of Tenerife. Considering that it was KLM's most senior pilot's assumption he was "good to roll" in spite of the copilot's concern, and a critical momentary glitch in radio-mike (heterodyne-squeal) crossed communications, twixt the control tower to both moving aircraft- proof the leading cause of death on earth is....other people! :yep::doh: A lot of those passengers were from California. Of the 321 killed aboard the PanAm aircraft, 256 were from CA.

[Jimbuna]

^ Two month after that tragedy the wife and I flew to Tenerife.

[Jimbuna]

1915 Typhoid Mary [Mary Mallon] is arrested and returned to quarantine on North Brother Island, New York after spending five years evading health authorities and causing several further outbreaks of typhoid.

1941 Britain leases defense bases in Trinidad to US for 99 years.

1941 Adolf Hitler signs Directive 27 (assault on Yugoslavia)

1945 British premier Winston Churchill sails to eastern banks of Rhine.

1945 Operation Starvation, the aerial mining of Japan's ports and waterways begins.

1964 Great Train Robbers sentenced to a total of 307 years behind bars.

[Aktungbby]

One of the aspects of this thread, started 10/14/2013, was the impact of history on the poster themselves if any.

^ Two month after that tragedy the wife and I flew to Tenerife.:sign_yeah::Kaleun_Party::Kaleun_Thumbs_U p:After umpteen years...I still reflect every time I board an aircraft:hmmm: At least Tenerife now has ground radar for foggy conditions, and aircrew cockpit management protocol now requires pilots-in-command to give greater credence to his right-seat 2nd officer...all gotten at great cost of life.(583)

[Jimbuna]

1941 Sea battle at Cape Matapan: British fleet under Cunningham defeats Italy.

1942 British naval forces raid Nazi occupied French port of St Nazaire.

1945 Last German V-1 (buzz bomb) attack on London.

[Jimbuna]

1912 Captain Robert Scott, storm-bound in a tent near South Pole, makes last entry in his diary "the end cannot be far"

1942 British cruiser HMS Trinidad torpedoes itself in the Barents Sea.

1942 British destroyer HMS Campbeltown explodes in St Nazaire: 400 Germans die.

1942 German submarine U-585 sinks.

1945 Movie star Jimmy Stewart is promoted to full colonel, one of the few Americans to rise from private to colonel in four years.

1951 American citizens Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are convicted and sentenced to death for conspiracy to commit espionage for the Soviet Union.

1974 Chinese farmers discover the Terracotta Army near Xi'an, 8,000 clay warrior statues buried to guard the tomb of China's 1st emperor, Qin Shi Huang.

[Jimbuna]

1867 Alaska Purchase: US buys Alaska from Russia for $7,200,000 ($109 million in 2018), roughly 2 cents an acre.

1939 Heinkel He 100 fighter sets a world airspeed record of 463 mph

1945 A defecting German pilot delivers a Messerschmitt Me 262A-1 to Americans.

1972 Northern Ireland's Government and Parliament dissolved by the British Government and 'direct rule' from Westminster is introduced.

[Jimbuna]

1657 English Parliament makes the Humble Petition to Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell offering him the crown: he declines.

1920 British parliament accepts Irish Home Rule law.

1939 Britain & France agree to support Poland if invaded by Germany.

1951 US tanks exceed 38° of latitude in Korea.

[Jimbuna]

1873 British White Star steamship Atlantic sinks off Nova Scotia, 547 die.

1905 "SOS" first adopted as a morse distress signal (· · · – – – · · ·) by German government.

1933 Heinrich Himmler becomes Police Commander of Germany.

1941 The Blockade Runner Badge for German Kriegsmarine is instituted.

1976 Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs found Apple Computer in the garage of Jobs' parents house in Cupertino, California.

[Jimbuna]

1801 Napoleonic Wars: The British led by Horatio Nelson destroy the Danish fleet in the naval Battle of Copenhagen.

1912 Titanic undergoes sea trials under its own power.

1917 US President Woodrow Wilson asks Congress to declare war against Germany.

1935 Scottish physicist Robert Watson-Watt receives a British patents for RADAR

1982 Several thousand Argentine troops seize the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands from Great Britain.

[Jimbuna]

1922 Joseph Stalin is appointed General Secretary of the Russian Communist Party by an ailing Vladimir Lenin.

1941 British Prime Minister Winston Churchill warns Soviet leader Joseph Stalin that a German invasion is imminent.

1944 British bombers attack battle cruiser Tirpitz.

[Jimbuna]

1581 Francis Drake knighted by Queen Elizabeth I aboard Golden Hind at Deptford.

1949 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) treaty signed in Washington, D.C.

1968 US civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated by James Earl Ray at the Lorraine Hotel in Memphis, Tennessee.

1973 World Trade Center, then the world's tallest building, opens in New York (110 stories). Later destroyed in 9/11 terrorist attacks.

1975 Microsoft is founded as a partnership between Bill Gates and Paul Allen to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800

[Jimbuna]

1939 Membership of Hitler Youth becomes obligatory.

1943 Allies bomb Mortsel, Belgium's worse lose of life during WWII (936 civilians)

1943 Chinese steward Poon Lim is found off the coast of Brazil by a Brazilian fisherman family after being adrift 133 days, after British ship SS Benlomond torpedoed by german U-boat

1944 140 Lancasters bomb aircraft factory in Toulouse.

1951 Julius & Ethel Rosenberg, atomic spies, sentenced to death.

1955 Anthony Eden succeeds Winston Churchill as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

1982 Aircraft carriers Invincible and Hermes with escort vessels left Portsmouth for the Falkland Islands.

[Jimbuna]

1916 German parliament approves unrestricted submarine warfare.

1917 US declares war on Germany, enters World War I

1945 Battle of Okinawa: Giant Japanese battleship Yamato heads to Okinawa with orders to beach herself and be destroyed defending the island.

1994 Plane carrying Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana and Burundian President Cyprien Ntaryamira is shot down by surface-to-air missiles, abruptly ending peace negotiations and sparking the Rwandan Genocide. Those responsible have never been identified.

[Jimbuna]

30 Scholars' estimate for Jesus' crucifixion by Roman troops in Jerusalem [or April 3]

1945 Sonderkommando Elbe, special Luftwaffe units designed to destroy Allied planes by ramming them mid-air, are sent on their first and only mission of World War II

1999 The World Trade Organisation rules in favor of the United States in its long-running trade dispute with the European Union over bananas.

[Aktungbby]

1945 Sonderkommando Elbe, special Luftwaffe units designed to destroy Allied planes by ramming them mid-air, are sent on their first and only mission of World War II
15 bombers were attacked in this fashion with 8 destroyed.....:k_confused:

[Jimbuna]

1983 In front of a live audience of 20 tourists, David Copperfield makes the Statue of Liberty disappear.

1986 Clint Eastwood elected mayor of Carmel, California. Makes his day.

1990 Norwegian ferry Scandinavian Star catches fire; 159 people die.

1997 Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 4 Beta.

[Jimbuna]

1916 The Libau sets sail from Germany with a cargo of 20,000 rifles to assist Irish republicans; Captain Karl Spindler changes the name of the vessel to the Aud to avoid British detection.

1917 Battle of Arras begins.

1917 Vimy Ridge in France stormed by Canadian troops.

1940 German cruiser Blucher torpedoed and capsizes in Oslofjord, 1,000 die.

1940 Nazi Germany invades Denmark and Norway, and Denmark surrenders after a six-hour battle.

1945 Battleship Admiral Scheer sunk by RAF bombing in Kiel.

1963 Winston Churchill becomes first honorary US citizen.

[Jimbuna]

1858 "Big Ben", a 13.76 tonne bell, is recast at the Whitechapel Bell Foundry.

1887 US President Abraham Lincoln's re-buried with his wife in Springfield, Illinois.

1912 RMS Titanic sets sail from Southampton for her maiden (and final) voyage.

1981 Imprisoned Provisional IRA hunger striker Bobby Sands elected to British Parliament for Northern Ireland county of Fermanagh and South Tyrone.

1998 The Good Friday Agreement [Belfast Agreement] for Northern Ireland is signed by the British and Irish governments.

[Jimbuna]

1783 Hostilities formally cease in the American Revolutionary War.

1814 Napoleon Bonaparte abdicates unconditionally and he is exiled to the island of Elba in the Mediterranean.

1868 The Shogunate is abolished in Japan.

1900 The first modern submarine designed and built by John Philip Holland is purchased by the U.S. Navy.

1912 RMS Titanic leaves Queenstown, Ireland, for NY

1945 Four soldiers in the Sixth Armored Division of the US Third Army liberate the Nazi concentration camp, Buchenwald.

1951 US President Harry Truman relieves General Douglas MacArthur of command in Korea.

[Jimbuna]

1782 Battle at Les Saintes: British fleet under Admiral George Rodney defeats the French fleet under Comte de Grasse off Dominica in the West Indies. Prevents a planned French and Spanish invasion of Jamaica.

1861 Fort Sumter in South Carolina is attacked by the Confederacy, beginning the American Civil War.

1945 Canadian troops liberate Nazi concentration camp Westerbork, Netherlands.

1945 US President Franklin D. Roosevelt dies in office and Vice President Harry Truman is sworn in as 33rd US President.

1961 Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin becomes the first person to orbit Earth (Vostok 1)

[Jimbuna]

1906 Mutiny on Portuguese battleships Dom Carlos and Vasco da Gama.

1940 Second battle of Narvik; 3 German destroyers and one U-boat sunk by the Royal Navy, 5 more German destroyers scuttled.

1943 Germans discover mass grave of Polish officers near Katyn.

1945 Canadian soldier Léo Major single-handedly liberates Dutch town of Zwolle by fooling Germans into thinking a raid had begun.

[Jimbuna]

1865 US President Abraham Lincoln is shot in the head by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theater in Washington; he dies a day later.

1912 RMS Titanic hits an iceberg at 11.40pm off Newfoundland.

1936 French singer Édith Piaf questioned after nightclub owner and her patron Louis Leplée murdered in Paris.

1942 Destroyer Roper sinks German U-85 of US east coast.

1943 A JN-25 decrypt by American intelligence detailing a forthcoming visit by Marshal Admiral Yamamoto to Balalae Island results in his plane shot down 4 days later.

1944 General Eisenhower becomes the Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force.

1958 Soviet spacecraft Sputnik 2 with space dog Laika aboard burns up during reentry into Earth's atmosphere.

1960 First underwater launching of Polaris missile.

[Aktungbby]

1936 French singer Édith Piaf questioned after nightclub owner and her patron Louis Leplée murdered in Paris.
That would put 'paid' to la vie en rose Mon Cherie....:03:

[Jimbuna]

1865 Abraham Lincoln dies 9 hours after he is shot attending the play "Our American Cousin" at Ford's Theatre in Washington.

1912 RMS Titanic sinks at 2:27 AM off Newfoundland as the band plays on, with the loss of between 1,490 and 1,635 people.

1942 George VI awards George Cross to people of Malta.

1945 British Army liberates Nazi concentration camp Bergen-Belsen.

1945 US troops occupy POW camp Colditz.

[Jimbuna]

1939 The Soviet Union proposes an alliance with Britain and France to counter Nazi Germany; the Soviets would later sign a secret agreement with the Nazis.

1948 Organization for European Economic Cooperation (EEC) forms in Paris.

2003 Treaty of Accession is signed in Athens admitting 10 new member states to the European Union.

[Jimbuna]

1961 1,400 Cuban exiles land in Bay of Pigs in a doomed attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro.

1942 12 Lancasters bomb MAN factory in Augsburg.

1942 Operations begin to destroy Sobibor Concentration Camp.

1943 Marshal Admiral Yamamoto flies from Truk to Rabaul.

1961 Jimmy Stewart accepts an honorary Oscar on behalf of his friend Gary Cooper, who is too ill to attend.

1969 Sirhan Sirhan is convicted of assassinating US Senator Robert F. Kennedy.

[Aktungbby]

1906 A devastating earthquake strikes San Francisco, followed by raging fires; estimates of the final death toll range between 3,000 and 6,000...:

[Jimbuna]

1783 Fighting ceases in the American Revolution, eight years to the day when it began.

1915 French pilot Roland Garros is shot down and glides to a landing on the German side of the lines during World War I

1916 US Secretary of State Warns Germany that the USA may break diplomatic relations unless torpedo attacks on unarmed ships stop.

1934 Adolf Hitler names Joachim von Ribbentrop ambassador for disarmament.

1942 James Doolittle bombs Tokyo and other Japanese cities.

1943 Operation Vengeance: US Army Air Force P-38G fighter aircraft from Kukum Field on Guadalcanal ambush and shoot down the transport bomber aircraft of Isoroku Yamamoto, commander-in-chief of the Imperial Japanese Navy and mastermind behind the Pearl Harbor attack.

2020 French flagship aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle reports over 1,000 cases of COVID-19, prompting an investigation.

2020 Canada's worst modern mass shooting as a gunman kills 18 people, including a Royal Canadian Mounted Police officer, across Nova Scotia.

[Catfish]

1906 A devastating earthquake strikes San Francisco, followed by raging fires; estimates of the final death toll range between 3,000 and 6,000...:
It was all St. Andreas' fault.

[Jimbuna]

1770 British explorer Captain James Cook first sights Australia.

1775 American Revolution begins in Lexington, Massachusetts. The "Shot Heard Round the World" took place in Concord later that day.

1932 Bonnie Parker is captured in a failed hardware store burglary, and subsequently jailed. A grand jury fails to indict her, however, and she is released a few months later.

1943 Jews refuse to surrender the Warsaw Ghetto to SS officer Jürgen Stroop, who then orders its destruction, beginning the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

1951 General Douglas MacArthur ends his military career.

2011 Fidel Castro resigns from the Communist Party of Cuba's central committee after 45 years of holding the title.

[Jimbuna]

1899 David Beatty is appointed executive officer of the HMS Barfleur, a small battleship and flagship of the China Station.

1918 Manfred von Richthofen, aka The Red Baron, shoots down his 79th and 80th victims marking his final victories before his death the following day.

1968 British politician Enoch Powell makes his controversial "Rivers of Blood" speech.

1974 'The Troubles', the Northern Ireland conflict between republican and loyalist paramilitaries, British security forces, and civil rights groups, claims its 1000th victim.

1999 Columbine High School massacre: Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold kill 13 people and injure 24 others before committing suicide at Columbine High School, Colorado.

[Jimbuna]

1916 Ulster Protestant and Irish nationalist Sir Roger Casement lands at Tralee Bay, Ireland from a German submarine; discovered at McKenna's Fort and arrested by the Royal Irish Constabulary.

1916 The Aud, carrying a cargo of 20,000 rifles to assist Irish republicans in staging what would become the 1916 Rising, is captured by the British Navy and forced to sail towards Cork Harbour.

1918 German fighter ace Baron Manfred von Richthofen "The Red Baron", shot down and killed over Vaux sur Somme in France, Canadian pilot Arthur Roy Brown credited with the kill.

1989 Thousands of Chinese crowd into Beijing's Tiananmen Square cheering students demanding greater political freedom.

[Aktungbby]

1864: In the middle of the Civil War, Congress authorized the use of the phrase: "In God we trust" on U.S. coins...a clear violation of church and state imho:nope:...:shucks::oops::O:

[Jimbuna]

1915 First military use of poison gas (chlorine, by Germany) in WW I

1916 Karl Spindler scuttles the Aud near Daunt's Rock, to prevent its cargo of 20,000 rifles destined for Irish republicans falling into enemy hands.

1945 Battle of Berlin: Upon being informed that a planned counter-attack never happened, Adolf Hitler flies into a rage, denounces the German Army and concedes World War II is lost.

1945 SS chief Heinrich Himmler secretly meets with Count Folke Bernadotte of Sweden, asking him to act as an intermediary for a surrender offer to the Western Allies. The Allies do not take the offer seriously.

2016 Paris Agreement on climate change signed in New York binding 195 nations to an increase in the global average temperature to less than 2°C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the increase to 1.5°C

[Jimbuna]

1867 Queen Victoria & Napoleon III turn down plans for a channel tunnel.

1918 Raid of Zeebrugge; the British navy attempts to block German vessels from leaving port by sinking obsolete ships - mostly fails.

1941 Greek Army surrenders to Germany; British RAF evacuates the Greek King George II to Egypt.

1968 1st decimal coins issued in Britain (5 & 10 new pence, replacing shilling and two-shilling pieces)

1969 Sirhan Sirhan sentenced to death for killing US Senator Robert F. Kennedy (later commuted to life sentence)

[Jimbuna]

1914 A shipment of 35,000 rifles and 5 million rounds of ammunition are landed at Larne for the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF), an Ulster loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland

1916 Easter Rising of Irish republicans against British occupation begins in Dublin.

1953 Winston Churchill knighted by Queen Elizabeth II

1967 Vietnam War: American General William Westmoreland says in a news conference that the enemy had "gained support in the United States that gives him hope that he can win politically that which he cannot win militarily."

[Aktungbby]

Presley Wilson!:Kaleun_Salute:

[mapuc]

This is very interesting, thanks!

It truly is, it's one of my favorite thread.

Me having hope that someone with more knowledge about American history, than I have will make a thread with the title

This date in USA('s) history

Markus

[Jimbuna]

This is very interesting, thanks!

https://i.postimg.cc/4dCMPjJk/adminwatch-2.gif (https://postimages.org/)

[Jimbuna]

1792 Guillotine first used in France, executes highwayman Nicolas Pelletier.

1945 Soviet forces complete their encirclement of Berlin, cutting off all access points west of the German capital.

1945 "Elbe Day" - US and Soviet forces meet at Torgau, Germany on the Elbe River during the invasion of Germany in WWII

1980 Announcement of US hostage rescue bungle in Iran.

1985 West German Parliament rules it is illegal to deny the Holocaust.

[Aktungbby]

This is very interesting, thanks!Presley Wilson!:Kaleun_Salute:

https://i.postimg.cc/4dCMPjJk/adminwatch-2.gif (https://postimages.org/) Of all the towns...in all the forums...in all the threads....Poor Mr. Wilson had to pick this one!:oops::nope: https://static01.nyt.com/images/2008/01/21/science/castaway533.jpg <meets Mr. Earp and Mr. Holliday!:shucks: https://i.pinimg.com/600x315/ec/03/b3/ec03b3f3b9c2d2033a2859c5ffaac777.jpg:O:

[Jimbuna]

1944 First B-29 attacked by Japanese fighters, one fighter shot down.

1945 Marshal Philippe Pétain, leader of France's Vichy collaborationist regime during World War II, arrested for treason.

1945 Battle of Bautzen - last successful German tank-offensive of the war and last noteworthy victory of the Wehrmacht.

1952 US minesweeper Hobson rams aircraft carrier Wasp, 176 die.

1982 Argentina surrenders to Great Britain on South Georgia Island, near the Falkland Islands.

1986 World's worst nuclear disaster: 4th reactor at Chernobyl nuclear power station in USSR explodes, 31 die, radioactive contamination reaches much of Western Europe.

[Jimbuna]

1865 Steamboat "SS Sultana" explodes in the Mississippi River, killing up to 1,800 of the 2,427 passengers in the greatest maritime disaster in United States history. Most were paroled Union POWs on their way home.

1916 The British renew their assault on the Irish Volunteer position in Mount Street; shelling also sets the buildings on fire.

1933 Adolf Hitler authorizes creation of Ministry of Aviation, in part to revive the German Luftwaffe, under Reichsmarshall Hermann Goering.

1940 Himmler orders establishment of Auschwitz Concentration Camp.

1943 Witold Pilecki escapes from Auschwitz after having voluntarily been imprisoned there to gain information about the Holocaust.

1945 Italian partisans capture Benito Mussolini at Dongo (Lake Como)

2005 The superjumbo jet aircraft Airbus A380 makes its first flight from Toulouse, France.

[Jimbuna]

28th April 1921

Giant Sturgeon at the Mac Fisheries shop in London.
https://i.postimg.cc/Hn2FDMcp/E0-BPx-C8-XMAQC4-Gv.png (https://postimages.org/)

Police seize a barrel of wine from a store in New York to enforce Prohibition.
https://i.postimg.cc/qBXPCPm9/Ezx-6o-PXEAAk-S5-I.png (https://postimages.org/)

At Paris, M. Briand, departing for London, tells newspapermen France will occupy the Ruhr region to help the German people to get rid of reactionaries.
https://i.postimg.cc/RZ8yB4Fn/kitty-drill-sergeant.jpg (https://postimages.org/)

Ship Losses:

Bona H (United Kingdom) The schooner was destroyed by fire off Havana, Cuba.

[Jimbuna]

1770 British Captain James Cook, aboard the Endeavour, lands at Botany Bay in Australia.

1789 Fletcher Christian leads a mutiny on HMS Bounty against its captain William Bligh in the South Pacific.

1939 Adolf Hitler claims German-Polish non-attack treaty still in effect.

1940 SS-Obersturmbannführer (lieutenant colonel) Rudolf Höss (not Hess, different Nazi) becomes commandant of concentration camp Auschwitz.

1944 Exercise "Tiger" ends with 750 US soldiers dead in D-Day rehearsal after their convoy ships were attacked by German torpedo boats off Slapton Sands, Devon.

1952 WW II Pacific peace treaty takes effect.

1952 Dwight D. Eisenhower resigns as Supreme Commander of NATO

1967 Muhammad Ali refuses induction into army & stripped of boxing title.

[Catfish]

28th April 1921
At Paris, M. Briand, departing for London, tells newspapermen France will occupy the Ruhr region to help the German people to get rid of reactionaries.

How extraordinarily kind of him, now was'nt this more of an invasion?

"In 1922, Germany requested permission to suspend their payments whilst their economy recovered. This was refused by the Allies. By 1923, Germany reached breaking point as inflation started to run out of control. They were unable to continue paying reparations.

On the 9 January 1923, in response to the lack of payment of reparations, France and Belgium invaded the Ruhr. The Ruhr was a region of Germany which contained resources such as factories. The French and Belgians intended to use these resources to make up for the unpaid reparations.

German factory workers refused to co-operate with the occupying French and Belgian armies. With the German governments support, the workers went on strike. The French sent in their own workers, and arrested the leaders of the German strikers and the German police. This led to violence on both sides.

With the French and Belgian occupation of the Ruhr, goods in Germany became even more difficult to obtain, and therefore very expensive. To fix this problem and pay the striking Ruhr workers, the government again printed more money. This led to hyperinflation."

[Jimbuna]

1864 Battle of Gate Pa (Pukehinahina): 1,700 British troops suffer their worst defeat of the New Zealand Wars at the hands of 230 entrenched Maori warriors in Tauranga.

1916 Irish republicans abandon the post office in Dublin and surrender unconditionally, marking the end of the Easter Rising.

1945 US Army liberates 31,601 people from the Dachau Nazi concentration camp in Germany.

1975 Vietnam War: US begins to evacuate its citizens from Saigon in Operation Frequent Wind in response to advancing North Vietnamese forces, bringing an end to US involvement in the war.

1990 Wrecking cranes began tearing down the Berlin Wall at the Brandenburg Gate.

[Jimbuna]

1789 George Washington is inaugurated as the first President of the United States of America/

1940 Air New Zealand then known as TEAL makes its inaugural flight with a flight from Auckland to Sydney. Later becomes 1st airline in the world to boil hot water in-flight to offer customers hot tea and coffee.

1942 First submarine built on Great Lakes launched, (Peto), Manitowoc, Wisconsin.

1945 Lord Haw-Haw (William Joyce) calls for crusade against the Bolsheviks.

1945 Red Army opens attack on German Reichstag building in Berlin.

1945 Record 48 U-boats sunk by the Allies this month.

1945 Adolf Hitler commits suicide along with his new wife Eva Braun in the Fuhrer bunker in Berlin as the Red Army captures the city.

2008 Two skeletal remains found near Ekaterinburg, Russia, were confirmed by Russian scientists to be the remains of Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia and one of his sisters.

[Jimbuna]

1707 Acts of Union comes into force, uniting England and Scotland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain.

1919 British naval officer David Beatty is promoted to Admiral of the Fleet.

1923 Adolf Hitler and Ernst Rohm attempt to break up socialist May Day demonstrates, inviting Nazis from as far away as Nuremberg to take part in the violence.

1931 Empire State Building opens in New York City.

1944 Messerschmitt Me 262 Sturmvogel, 1st jet bomber, makes 1st flight.

1945 About 1,000 citizens of Demmin in Germany, commit suicide provoked by occupation by Soviet Red Army.

1945 Admiral Karl Doenitz forms German government.

1960 Russia shoots down Francis Gary Powers' U-2 spy plane over Sverdlovsk.

[Jimbuna]

1945 More than 1,000,000 German soldiers officially surrender to the Western Allies in Italy and Austria.

1945 Battle of Berlin ends as Soviet army takes Berlin and General Weidling surrenders.

1982 Falklands War: Argentine cruiser General Belgrano sunk by British submarine Conqueror, killing more than 350 men.

2011 Osama bin Laden, the suspected mastermind behind the September 11 attacks and the FBI's most wanted man is killed by US special forces in Abbottabad, Pakistan.

[Jimbuna]

1915 John McCrae writes the poem "In Flanders Fields"

1916 Irish Nationalists Patrick Pearse, Thomas MacDonagh and Thomas Clarke are executed by firing squad following their involvement in the Easter Rising.

1945 German ship "Cap Arcona" laden with prisoners sunk by Royal Air Force in East Sea, 5,800 killed - one of largest maritime losses of life.

1947 Japan's post-war constitution goes into effect, granting universal suffrage, stripping Emperor Hirohito of all but symbolic power and outlawing Japan's right to make war.

[Jimbuna]

1910 Wilfrid Laurier passes the Naval Service Act, which creates the Royal Canadian Navy.

1916 At request of US, Germany curtails its submarine warfare.

1945 German forces in Denmark, Norway and the Netherlands surrender unconditionally to British Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery at Luneburg Heath.

1948 The Hague Court of Justice convicts Nazi SS officer in the Netherlands Hans Rauter of Crimes against Humanity (executed 24 March 1949)

1979 Margaret Thatcher becomes the first woman to be elected Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

[Jimbuna]

1915 German U-20 captures and sinks British schooner Earl of Lathom.

1940 Norwegian government-in-exile forms in London.

1945 World War II: Admiral Karl Dönitz, leader of Germany after Hitler's death, orders all U-boats to cease offensive operations and return to their bases.

1955 West Germany is granted full sovereignty by its three occupying powers.

1980 Siege at Iranian Embassy in London ends as the SAS and police storm the building.

1981 After 66 days on hunger strike, 26 year old Provisional IRA member and British MP Bobby Sands dies in the Maze Prision. Nine more hunger strikers die in the next 3 months.

[Bilge_Rat]

1821: Napoleon dies in exile on St-Helena.

[Jimbuna]

1626 Dutch colonist Peter Minuit organizes the purchase of Manhattan Island from Native Americans for 60 guilders worth of goods, believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape.

1840 World's first adhesive postage stamp, the "Penny Black", is first used in Great Britain.

1910 George V becomes King of the United Kingdom upon the death of his father, Edward VII

1937 German airship Hindenburg explodes in flames at Lakehurst, New Jersey, killing 35 of the 97 on board and 1 on the ground.

[Mr Quatro]

https://scontent-dfw5-2.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-0/p480x480/180953094_2436455709831600_4529239817094214677_n.j pg?_nc_cat=108&ccb=1-3&_nc_sid=730e14&_nc_ohc=qNtiD1-9JwUAX8wdGvZ&tn=31Dm1gKF4OG1bjq3&_nc_ht=scontent-dfw5-2.xx&tp=6&oh=d4cd9d51b694ef98a11af223633c5bde&oe=60B94BEB

A German U-boat torpedoed the British-owned steamship Lusitania, killing 1,195 people including 128 Americans, on May 7, 1915. The disaster set off a chain of events that led to the U.S. entering World War I.

[Jimbuna]

1867 Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel Patents Dynamite in England, the first of three patents he would receive for the explosive material.

1915 RMS Lusitania sunk by German submarine off the southern coast of Ireland; 1198 lives lost.

1919 A draft of the Versailles Treaty is shown to Germany.

1941 British House of Commons votes for Winston Churchill (477-3)

1945 Unconditional German surrender to the Allies signed by General Alfred Jodl at Rheims.

1948 Nazi collaborator V-Mann Antonius van de Waals sentenced to death.

1960 USSR announces Francis Gary Powers confesses to being a CIA spy.

2017 Emmanuel Macron wins France's presidential election defeating Marine Le Pen.

[Jimbuna]

1895 China cedes Taiwan to Japan under Treaty of Shimonoseki.

1916 German munitions bunker in Fort Douaumont explodes killing 679 German soldiers.

1916 Irishmen Eamon Kent, Michael Mallin, Con Colbert and Sean Houston are executed by British authorities following the Easter Rising at Kilmainham Gaol, Dublin.

1919 Edward George Honey first proposes the idea of a moment of silence to commemorate The Armistice of World War I, leads to the creation of Remembrance Day.

1941 German Q-ship Pinguin sinks in Indian Ocean.

1942 Aircraft carrier USS Lexington sunk by Japanese air attack in Coral Sea.

1943 Admiral Cunningham of British fleet: "Sink, burn & destroy; let nothing pass"

1945 V-E Day: World War II ends in Europe after Germany signs an unconditional surrender.

1947 Polish resistance fighter Witold Pilecki, who had volunteered to be imprisoned in Auschwitz to gain information about the Holocaust, is arrested by Polish communist police.

1958 "Dracula" film starring Christopher Lee as the eponymous vampire, directed by Terence Fisher is the first Hammer Horror film released.

1962 Oskar Schindler and his wife Emilie Schindler are honored for saving 1200 Jews during WWII, in a ceremony on the Avenue of the Righteous, Jerusalem.

1967 Muhammad Ali is indicted for refusing induction in US Army.

[Jimbuna]

1386 Treaty of Windsor between Portugal and England (oldest diplomatic alliance in the world still in force)

1865 President Andrew Johnson issues a proclamation declaring armed resistance in the South is virtually at an end; this is the commonly accepted end date of the American Civil War.

1941 British intelligence at Bletchley Park breaks German spy codes after capturing Enigma machines aboard the weather ship Muenchen.

1945 Norwegian Nazi collaborators Vidkun Quisling arrested.

1945 Hermann Goering is captured by the United States Army.

1955 German Federal Republic (West Germany) joins NATO

1956 War Reparations and Peace Settlement between Philippines and Japan was finally signed at Malacañang Palace under Magsaysay administration.

[Jimbuna]

1797 First US Navy ship, the "United States," is launched.

1801 First Barbary War: The Barbary pirates of Tripoli declare war on the United States of America (1st US foreign war)

1857 Indian mutiny against rule by the British East India Company begins with the revolt of the Sepoy soldiers in Meerut.

1915 Canadian physician Cluny MacPherson first presents his gas mask invention to the British War Office.

1917 Atlantic ships get destroyer escorts to stop German attacks.

1918 HMS Vindictive sunk to block entrance of Ostend Harbour.

1940 Germany invades the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and France.

1940 Winston Churchill succeeds Neville Chamberlain as British Prime Minister.

1940 The first German bombs of the war fall on England at Chilham and Petham, in Kent.

1941 Adolf Hitler's deputy Rudolf Hess escapes to Britain to open secret negotiations with the Allies, parachuting into Scotland.

1960 US atomic submarine USS Triton completes first submerged circumnavigation of the globe.

[Jimbuna]

1941 First Messerschmidt 109F shot down above England.

1953 Winston Churchill criticizes US Secretary of State John Foster Dulles' domino theory.

1960 Israeli soldiers capture Adolf Eichmann in Buenos Aires.

1969 British comedy troupe Monty Python forms, made up of Graham Chapman, John Cleese, Terry Gilliam, Eric Idle, Terry Jones, and Michael Palin.

[Jimbuna]

1797 Nore Mutiny: British Royal Navy sailors mutiny on the Thames, England and blockade London.

1916 James Connolly and Sean McDermott are executed following their involvement in the Easter Rising in Dublin.

1940 Nazi blitzkrieg and conquest of France begins with the crossing of the Muese River.

1941 Martin Bormann succeeds Rudolf Hess as Adolf Hitler's deputy.

1943 Axis forces in North Africa surrender.