The problem was the sort of changes they needed at that point would have had to be in the R&D pipeline for several years. Homing torpedoes, a true submarine like the Type XXI, and the tactics and doctrine to go with it. Regrettably, Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz was something of a one-trick pony. Once the wolf-pack concept was soundly defeated he really didn't have much else in his bag of tricks. Short of getting a clue that their mail was being read, and dumping Enigma for a completely different code, I can't think of much else they could have done short term.
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