This date in history

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1568: Mary Queen of Scots is defeated by her half-brother, the Earl of Moray, in the battle of Langside thwarting Mary's attempt to regain power after having abdicated her throne the year before. Considering what her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I, will eventually do ...at least she kept it in the family!!

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1787 Arthur Phillip sets sails with 11 ships of criminals to Botany Bay, Australia.

1915 US Secretary of State Bryan sends a note to Germany demanding that Germany disavow the attacks on the Lusitania and make immediate reparations; however, the note is written only to 'pacify excited public opinion', according to Bryan.

1916 Lafayette Escadrille, an American air force unit under French command comprised of volunteers to fight for France, see first combat at the Battle of Verdun.

1940 Winston Churchill says "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat" in his first speech as Prime Minister to British House of Commons.

1940 Dutch Queen Wilhelmina flees to England.

1946 US sentences 58 camp guards of Mauthausen concentration camp to death.

1949 1st British-produced jet bomber, the Canberra, makes its 1st test flight.

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1940 British Local Defence Volunteers forms, an armed citizen militia designed to support the British Army during the Second World War. It is later renamed the Home Guard.

1940 Admiral Johannes Furstner, Royal Dutch Navy, departs to England.

1943 Sinking of the Australian Hospital Ship Centaur off the coast of Queensland, by a Japanese submarine.

1944 General Rommel, Speidel & von Stulpnagel attempt to assassinate Hitler.

1945 Kamikaze Zero strikes US aircraft carrier Enterprise.

1948 Israel declares independence from British administration.

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1536 Anne Boleyn and her brother George, Lord Rochford, accused of adultery and incest.

1800 King George III survives a second assassination attempt.

1886 British sailor David Beatty is promoted to midshipman.

1911 The Georgios Averof cruiser is bought by Greece.

1914 US Colonel Edward House sails for Europe to persuade major powers to reduce armies and navies; from Germany, House reports: 'Everybody's nerves are tense; it only needs a spark to set the whole thing off'

1940 USS Sailfish (SS-192) recommissioned, originally the Squalus.

1944 Eisenhower, Montgomery, Churchill and King George VI discuss the plan for D-Day

1957 Operation Grapple: Britain tests its first hydrogen bomb near Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean.

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1954: the Fender Stratocaster guitar, created by Leo Fender, was officially released! Having plucked a few myself, I'd imagine, as with most official releases, there were some strings attached...

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1943 Operation Chastise: No. 617 Squadron RAF begins the famous Dambusters Raid, bombing the Möhne and Eder dams in the Ruhr valley with bouncing bombs.

1943 SS General Jürgen Stroop orders the burning of the Warsaw Ghetto, ending a month of Jewish resistance. 13,000 Jews have died, about half burnt alive or suffocated, German casualties less than 300

1944 1st of 180,000+ Hungarian Jews reach Auschwitz.

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1536 Anne Boleyn's 4 "lovers" executed shortly before her own beheading.

1871 Native American fighter General William T. Sherman escapes from the Comanches in an ambulance.

1876 7th US Cavalry under General George Armstrong Custer leaves Fort Lincoln.

1897 The first successful submarine that can run submerged for any considerable distance and combines electric and gasoline engines is launched in the USA by its designer John Philip Holland.

1944 General Eisenhower sets D-Day for June 5th

1949 British government recognises Republic of Ireland (previously Irish Free State)

1972 The Irish Republican Army (IRA) fires on workers leaving the Mackies engineering works in west Belfast (Although the factory was sited in a Catholic area it had an almost entirely Protestant workforce)

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1917 First units of the American Expeditionary Force, commanded by General John J. Pershing, are ordered to France.

1944 Polish 2nd Army corps captures convent of Monte Cassino, Italy.

1974 India becomes the sixth nation to explode an atomic bomb.

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1536 Anne Boleyn, second wife of English King Henry VIII, is beheaded at the Tower of London on charges of adultery, incest and treason.

1568 English Queen Elizabeth I arrests Mary, Queen of Scots.

1941 Germany occupiers in Holland forbid bicycle taxis.

1941 New battleship Bismarck leaves Gdynia, Poland.

1943 Berlin is declared "Judenrien" (free of Jews)

1943 Churchill pledges Britain's full support to US against Japan.

1981 5 British Army soldiers are killed when their armoured vehicle is ripped apart by a Provisional Irish Republican Army roadside bomb near Bessbrook, County Armagh.

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1876 7th US Cavalry under General George Armstrong Custer leaves Fort Lincoln.

"Go West young man" would prove to be a bad idea! Ol George & his mankinfolk really had more fun 'holdin' the
the fort'

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1310 Shoes were made for both right & left feet.

1845 HMS Erebus and HMS Terror with 134 men under John Franklin sail from the River Thames in England, beginning a disastrous expedition to find the Northwest Passage. All hands are lost.

1910 Funeral for Britain's King Edward VII held in Westminster Abbey, has one of the largest assemblages of European royalty.

1959 Japanese-Americans regain their citizenship.

1964 Buster Mathis beats future world heavyweight champion Joe Frazer on points at trials in Flushing, NY to qualify for US Olympic boxing team; Mathis injures thumb, replaced by Frazier who wins gold medal.

1969 US troop capture Hill 937/Hamburger Hill in Vietnam.

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1927 Aviator Charles Lindbergh, in the Spirit of St Louis, lands in Paris after the first solo air crossing of Atlantic.

1932 After flying for 17 hours from Newfoundland, Amelia Earhart lands near Londonderry, Northern Ireland, becoming the 1st transatlantic solo flight by a woman.

1941 SS Robin Moor becomes the first US ship sunk by a U-boat during World War II

1945 Nazi SS-Reichsfuehrer Heinrich Himmler captured.

1966 Muhammad Ali TKOs Henry Cooper in 6 for heavyweight boxing title.

1966 A "loyalist" group calling itself the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) issued a statement declaring war on the Irish Republican Army (IRA)

1982 British troops land on Falkland Islands.

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1849 Abraham Lincoln receives a patent (only US President to do so) for a device to lift a boat over shoals and obstructions.

1947 1st US ballistic missile fired.

2014 Royal Thai Armed Forces, led by General Prayut Chan-o-cha stage a coup in Thailand, suspending the kingdom's constitution and taking control of the government, the 12th since the country's first coup in 1932

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1934 American outlaws Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow - Bonnie and Clyde - are killed by police in an ambush near Sailes, Louisiana.

1945 The Allies arrest the members of the Nazi Flensburg government, including Admiral Karl Donitz, formally dissolving Nazi Germany.

1945 Lord Haw-Haw (William Joyce) arrested at Danish boundary.

1949 Federal Republic of [West] Germany created out of the American, British and French occupation zones.

1998 The Good Friday Agreement is accepted in a referendum in Northern Ireland with 75% voting yes.

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1916 US pilot William Thaw shoots down a German Fokker.

1941 German battleship Bismarck sinks the British battle cruiser HMS Hood; 1,416 die, 3 survive.

1943 U-441 shoots Sunderland seaplane down over Gulf of Biskaje.

1982 Liberation of Khorramshahr; Iranians recapture of the port city of Khorramshahr from the Iraqis during the Iran-Iraq War.

1989 Sonia Sutcliffe, wife of the Yorkshire Ripper, is awarded £600,000 in damages after winning a libel action against satirical magazine Private Eye (later reduced to £60,000 on appeal).

2000 Israeli troops withdraw from southern Lebanon after 22 years of occupation.

2004 North Korea bans mobile phones.