How to Recognize Targets at Night?

[MENTAT]

I have just decided to go for more realism by restricting auto-TDC.

Now i am ok with positioning my boat and finding targets speed however i experience a lot of difficulties in;

*Recognizing targets at night. I cant. (thanx to the assistance of the yellow pointer in my periscope enables me to locate it) although my watchofficer says the bearing and marks on the map It seems not possible to ID it. I dont wanna throw a starshell and allow them to detect my presence also. So what to do?

*Recognizing in great distances.. ?? How do you manage it?? from 6000m it is even a blackish silhouette!! and the only recognizable thing is the smoke high above. wonder if the 6x max zoom for the periscope? or you guys know a way to increase it? How to see farther? UZO? OP?

*Stadimeter sucks! It is not possible to get a decent range value even in calm water as a little move of a mouse can differ a 1000m in range??? it is only possible if it is quite close to my position but it happens to be pointless then. In rough weather it is even worse! And how to determine it in a case when it is constantly changing, say target is heading towards you in a 45 degrees?

*Most importantly; What do you do when to make an instant shot? (Say time is of an essence and have a little time before the opportunity is lost) No time to calculate, or to position your boat.. what do you do? Snap shot???

*Why not anyone bothers AOB, and take it as 90 everytime? What happens if i take it 45 and it is 55 in reality?

*Gyroangle is shortly the set heading of your torpedo isnt it? a Gyro 000 means, no angle given to torpedo? What does Gyroangle indicator show in the periscope screen?

*HELP pls.