The problem with long range shots was something I pondered when I played SH2. I was looking for a way to get the targets without having Superman, the X Men and the A Team onboard those Marvel Comics destroyers racing towards me wherever I was within medium range. IIRC, the graphics didn't allow for much sniping but now that I am able to identify ships at greater ranges I might have a chance.
I have only succeeded one or two times before in SH3 at 10,000 metres or so and only at high resolution but I had no good idea of why it couldn't be done a bit more consistently. A few things are certain. At those ranges I'm dealing with fractions of degrees and 1/10th's of a knot but it can be sorted to a pretty good level.
A rough sketch to accompany the first post