100 Years Ago Today

[Sailor Steve]

March 10, 1917

Air War:
British 5-kill ace Ernest Foot takes command of No. 56 Squadron, but never gets to excersize that command. On that very night he is injured in car crash, ending his combat career. Foot will serve out the war as a flying instructer. After the war he will become a commercial pilot for Handley Page Transport, the become a test pilot for Bristol. Foot will die in an air race on June 23, 1923.

1630 German pilot Bruno Loerzer, flying an Albatros D.II, shoots down a SPAD VII for victory number 4. French Captain Maurice Mandinaud is killed.

German pilot Robert Dycke, possibly in an Albatros D.II, shoots down a French balloon for victory number 1.



North Atlantic Ocean, west of Ireland:
Paul Wagenfür, commanding U-44, attacks British freighter SS Aracataca, 4,154 tons, bound from Port Limon for Garston with a general cargo, with his deck gun. The damaged ship makes port safely.



Ireland:
Hans Rose, in U-53, attacks Russian schooner Sviatoi Theodor, 126 tons, with his deck gun. The damaged ship makes port safely.

Otto Wünsche, in U-70, sinks two British schooners with his deck gun near Hook Head, Wexford.
Mediterranean, 105 tons travelling from Newport to Schull with a load of coal.
T. Crowley, 97 tons, en route from Cardiff to Kinsale with a load of coal.
Wünsche's score is now 46 vessels and 61,926 tons.



Scotland:
Alfred von Glasenapp, in U-80, torpedoes British tanker SS San Eduardo, carrying a load of oil from Port Arthur to Liverpool, off Stornoway. The damaged ship makes port safely.



Celtic Sea:
Victor Dieckmann, in U-61, sinks Portuguese freighter SS Angola, 4,297 tons, carrying a load of coal from Cardiff to Lisbon, just off the west end of the Channel. His score is now 13 ships and 17,882 tons.

Ernst Hashagen, in U-62, sinks French sailing ship Marie, 127 tons, near Seven Stones reef in the Scilly Isles. The vessel is listed as missing, and none of the crew are ever found. His score is now 12 ships and 10,878 tons.

Reinhold Saltzwedel, in UC-21, sinks Norwegian freighter SS Asbjørn, 3,459 tons, north of Ushant. His score is now 45 ships and 66,036 tons.



Irish Sea:
British freighter SS Polandia, 2,238 tons, sets out from Birkenhead with a load of government supplies for Cherbourg, and is not heard from again. Twenty-five lives lost.



North Sea:
Raimund Weisbach, in U-81, sinks two Norwegian freighters east of the Shetland Islands:
SS Algol, 988 tons, bound from Newcastle for Bergen with a load of coal; deck gun.
SS Skreien, 415 tons, carrying a general cargo from Bergen to Rouen; scuttled.
Weisbach's score is now 18 ships and 49,860 tons.

British submarine G-13 torpedoes German U-boat UC-43 off Muckle Flugga Lighthouse, Shetland Islands. 25 lost, including her captain Erwin Sebelin, no survivors.



Alboran Sea:
Wilhelm Marschall, in UC-74, stops British schooner James Burton Cook, 133 tons, travelling in ballast from Malaga to Cadiz, and sinks her with his deck gun; off Malaga. his score is now 2 ships and 3,916 tons.



Tyrhennian Sea:
Italian submarine Guglielmotti, 710 tons, on her maiden voyage, encounters a British convoy east of Corsica. The submarine is mistaken for a German U-Boat, and is rammed and sunk by sloop Cyclamen.



South Africa:
In the dark, after several hours of radio communications, HMFM Trent finds SS Baron Minto at 0400 hours.Baron Minto reports that everything is alright, and the freighter heads toward Durban while Trent heads northward toward German East Africa.



United States:
Americna wooden Great Lakes freighter SS Pere Marquette no.5, 1,722 tons, en route from St. John's, Newfoundland to New York with a load of pulp and herring, founters off Nauset Beach, Massachusetts.



Atlantic Ocean:
German raider SMS Möwe sinks two British freighters west of the Azores:
SS Esmereldas, 4,491 tons, travelling to Baltimore to pick up horses for the British aremy.
SS Otaki, 7,420 tons, which tries to defend herself with her on 4.7" gun.

[Jimbuna]

11th March 1917

Western Front

Continuous air fighting; loss of 26 Allied and enemy machines reported.

Eastern Front

Russian gas attack east of Mitau.

Southern Front

Spring campaign in Mesopotamia begins: Allies attack north and north-west of Monastir.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theatres

British forces successfully capture the city of Baghdad. More than 9000 Ottoman soldiers are captured during the battle.

Cavalry occupy Kazimain, four miles north.

Political, etc.

Strikers' food demonstrations and rioting increase in Petrograd; Government agrees to hand over good question to local bodies.

Fourth Company of the Pavlovski Replacement Regiment becomes the first military unit to mutiny in Petrograd, but are quickly disarmed.

Chinese Congress votes overwhelmingly to cut off diplomatic ties with Germany due to its unrestricted submarine warfare.

Sugar-cards in Paris.

Ship Losses:

Charles Le Cour (France) The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 7 nautical miles (13 km) north north east of the Pendeen Lighthouse, Cornwall, United Kingdom (50°16′N 5°36′W) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Folia (United Kingdom) The cargo liner was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 4 nautical miles (7.4 km) east south east of Ram Head by SM U-53 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of seven crew.
G. A. Savage (United Kingdom) The coaster was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean off Pendeen Point, Cornwall by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of all nine crew.
Gracia (Spain) The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) south of Ballycotton, County Cork, United Kingdom by SM U-53 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Horngarth (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 220 nautical miles (410 km) east north east of the St Paul Rocks, Brazil by SMS Seeadler ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of a crew member.
Kwasind (United Kingdom) The cargo ship struck a mine laid by UC 4 (Georg Reimarus) and sank in the North Sea off Southwold, Suffolk (52°08′N 1°45′E) with the loss of twelve of her crew.
Thrift (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was shelled and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 15 nautical miles (28 km) west of Trevose Head, Cornwall (50°30′N 5°24′W) by SM U-62 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Wordsworth (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was scuttled in the Indian Ocean 680 nautical miles (1,260 km) west of Mahé, Seychelles by SMS Wolf ( Kaiserliche Marine).

[Sailor Steve]

March 11, 1917

Air War:
1000 German ace Werner Voss, flying an Albatros D.III, shoots down FE.2b 7685 for victory number 14. With controls shot away and engine out Lt Leslie Beal crashes unharmed on his own side of the lines. AM2 F.G. Davin is wounded in the thigh. Beal and Davin were shot down by Renatus Theiller one week earlier, on March 4, but also landed in safe territory.

1005 Scottish RFC pilot Arthur Randall, in DH.2 A2548, shoots down an Albatros D.III for victory number 2. No details.

1020 German pilot Friederich Weitz shoots down Nieuport 17 2341 for victory number 3. Lt Maus of Esc. N49 is killed. Weitz lands to examine his kill. When German troops turn the plane over, the gun goes off, wounding Weitz. He dies the next day.

1105 German pilot Adolf Schulte, in an Albatros D.III, shoots down an FE.2d for victory number 4. Details unknown.

1120 German pilot Constantin Krefft, probably in an Albatros D.III, shoots down an FE.8 for victory number 1. Details unknown.

1120 German ace Karl Schäfer, flying an Albatros D.III, shoots down a BE.2c for victory number 7. Details unknown.

1140 German pilot Friedrich Hengst, in a two-seater with a Ltn Criege as observer, shoots down FE.2b A5443 for victory number 1. 2nd Lt C.A. Holden and AM2 A.G. Walker are taken prisoner.

1145 Canadian observer James Smith, riding in FE.2b 4984 with a Lt H.A.R. Bousted ast pilot, shoots down an Albatros D.II for victory number 2.

1150 German ace Manfred von Richthofen, in a Halberstadt D.II, shoots down BE.2d 6232 for victory number 26. 2nd Lts James Smyth and Edward Byrne are both killed.

1200 German ace Hartmuth Baldamus, in an Albatros D.III, shoots down a "Voisin" for victory number 13. His likely victim is actually a Farman F.40, Cpt Paul Rochard and SLt Henri Litaud both missing.

1200 Lt Bousted and James Smith score a second victory for the day, another Albatros D.II. This is Smith's 3rd.

1215 German pilot Paul Strähle, flying an Albatros D.III, shoots down Sopwith 1½ Strutter A1082 for victory number 2. Cpt E.F.P. Lubbock and J. Thompson are both killed.

1217 German pilot Josef Flink, in Albatros D.III 1942/16, shoots down a Sopwith 1½ Strutter for victory number 2.

1240 German ace Hermann Pfeiffer, in an Albatros D.II, shoots down a Caudron for victory number 9.

1245 German pilot Heinrich Gontermann, in an Albatros D.III, shoots down FE.2b A5475 for victory number 3. 2nd Lt H.M. Headley and Sgt H.S. Burgess are both killed.

1245 German pilot Edmund Nathanael, flying an Albatros, shoots down FE.2b 7713 for victory number 2. Cpt C.A.R. Shum and 2nd Lt F.C. Coops both taken prisoner.

1250 German pilot Wilhelm Cymera, in an Albatros D.II, shoots down an FE.2b for victory number 3.

1430 German ace Walter von Bülow-Bothkamp, in an Albatros D.III, destroys a British observation balloon. Lts T.G. Bolitho and R.P. Sewell are unharmed.

1430 Werner Voss scores his second kill of the day, shooting down Nieuport 17 A279 for victory number 15. Arthur Darley Whitehead is severely wounded and taken prisoner.

1435 German pilot Heinz Kammandel, in an Albatros D.III, shoots down a BE.2d for victory number 1.

German pilot Fritz Kosmahl, in an Albatros D.II, shoots down an FE.2b for victory number 5.

German pilot Alfred Niederhoff shoots down Sopwith 1½ Strutter for victory number 1. Details are unknown, but a French Strutter from Escadrille F.54 went missing this day, with Adj Auguste Robin and Lt Marie Barbot. Also unknown is what type of aircraft Jasta 20 was flying at this time.



Ireland:
Hans Rose, in U-53, sinks two ships off the south coast:
British freighter SS Folia, 6,705 tons, bound from New York for Avonmouth with a general cargo.
Spanish freighter SS Gracia, 3,129 tons, travelling from Liverpool to Havana with a general cargo.
Rose's score is now 26 ships and 61,400 tons.



Cornwall:
Ernst Hashagen, in U-62, uses his deck gun to sink British fishing smack Thrift, 40 tons, off Trevose Head. His score is now 13 vessels and 10,918 tons.

Paul Hundius, in UC-47, sinks two ships off Pendeen Lighthouse:
French freighter SS Charles Le Cour, 2,352 tons, en route from Cardiff to Nantes with a load of coal.
British coaster SS G.A. Savage, 357 tons, carrying a load of pitch from Workington to Swansea.
Hundius' score is now 17 ships and 24,796 tons.



English Channel:
Herbert Pustkuchen, in UC-66, attacks Q-Ship HMS Bayard, 220 tons, with his deck gun. Bayard suffers two men wounded, and does not have enough firepower to endanger UC-66. U-Boat and Q-Ship both escape.



North Sea:
British freighter SS Kwasind, 2,211 tons, carrying a load of iron ore from Bilbao to Hartlepool, hits a mine laid by Georg Reimarus in UC-4 off Southwold. His score is now 6 ships and 4,592 tons.

[Jimbuna]

12th March 1917

Western Front

French gain ground in eastern Champagne.

British raid near Arras.

Soissons bombarded with incendiary shells.

Eastern Front

Successful German raids near Zloczow-Tarnopol railway, near Brzezany and on Narakowka (Galicia).

Southern Front

British advance on Doiran front.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theatres

Italians occupy Bukamez (west of Tripoli).

Naval and Overseas Operations

American steamer "Algonquin" torpedoed without warning.

Political, etc.

Tsar orders suspension of Duma and Council of the Empire. Three Guard and several line regiments join Parliamentary party.

Russian Revolution begins: Provisional Government formed.

Canada's third War Loan launched.

U.S. State Department rules that merchant vessels armed fore and aft may clear from U.S. ports.

Ship Losses:

Algonquin (United States) The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 65 nautical miles (120 km) west of the Bishop Rock, Isles of Scilly, United Kingdom (49°39′N 7°51′W) by SM U-62 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Alice Charles (France) The fishing vessel was scuttled in the Bay of Biscay off the Gironde Estuary by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
HMS Ambient (Royal Navy) The collier struck a mine laid by UC 4 (Georg Reimarus) and sank in the North Sea 7 nautical miles (13 km) north west of the Shipwash Lightship ( United Kingdom) (52°08′N 1°46′E). Her crew survived.
Aréthuse (France) The fishing vessel was scuttled in the Bay of Biscay off the Gironde Estuary by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Bilswood (United Kingdom) The collier struck a mine laid by U 73 (Gustav Sieß) and sank in the Mediterranean Sea 8 nautical miles (15 km) off Alexandria, Egypt. Her crew survived.
Collingwood (Norway) The barque was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean west of the Isles of Scilly (49°13′N 9°39′W) by SM U-62 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
C.A.S. (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 12 nautical miles (22 km) north north west of Trevose Head, Cornwall (50°46′N 5°10′W) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
HMS E49 (Royal Navy) The E-class submarine struck a mine and sank off the Shetland Islands with the loss of all 30 crew.
Einar Jarl (Norway) The cargo ship was sunk in the English Channel 10 nautical miles (19 km) east south east of Start Point, Devon, United Kingdom by SM UC-66 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Ena (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 10 nautical miles (19 km) north by west of Trevose Head (50°42′N 5°05′W) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Forget-Me-Not (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was sunk in the English Channel 12 nautical miles (22 km) south west of Portland Bill, Dorset by SM UC-66 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Glynymel (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was shelled and scuttled in the English Channel 23 nautical miles (43 km) south by west of St. Catherine's Point, Isle of Wight (50°12′N 1°11′W) by SM UC-66 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of a crew member.
Gracia (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 12 nautical miles (22 km) north north west of Trevose Head (50°44′N 5°07′W) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Guerveur (France) The barque was shelled and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 84 nautical miles (156 km) of Tory Island, County Donegal, United Kingdom (55°42′N 10°52′W) by SM U-48 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Hainaut (Italy) The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean south west of Ireland (52°05′N 11°30′W) by SM U-53 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Hyacinth (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 15 nautical miles (28 km) north by west of Trevose Head (50°47′N 5°10′W) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Inter-nos (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 12 nautical miles (22 km) north north west of Trevose Head (50°44′N 5°07′W)) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Jessamine (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 14 nautical miles (26 km) north north west of Trevose Head (50°46′N 5°08′W) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Jules Gommes (France) The schooner was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 60 nautical miles (110 km) west of the Isles of Scilly (49°10′N 8°50′W) by SM U-62 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Lent Lily (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 13 nautical miles (24 km) north north west of Trevose Head (50°45′N 5°09′W) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Lucy Anderson (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 55 nautical miles (102 km) east south east of Noss, Shetland Islands (58°27′N 1°18′W) by SM UC-44 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Marna (Norway) The coaster was sunk in the North Sea 60 nautical miles (110 km) north east of Kinnaird Head, Aberdeenshire, United Kingdom by SM UC-44 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Memnon (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the English Channel 20 nautical miles (37 km) south west of Portland Bill (50°15′N 2°48′W) by SM UC-66 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of six of her crew.
Nellie (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 13 nautical miles (24 km) north by west of Trevose Head (50°45′N 5°09′W) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Nina M. (Italy) The sailing vessel was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea off Malta (36°27′N 14°33′E) by SM U-64 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Pontypridd (United Kingdom) The cargo ship struck a mine laid by UC 4 (Georg Reimarus) and sank in the North Sea off Aldeburgh, Suffolk (52°08′N 1°46′E) with the loss of three of her crew.
Proverb (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 25 nautical miles (46 km) north west of Trevose Head (50°47′N 5°35′W) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Reindeer (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was scuttled in the English Channel 15 nautical miles (28 km) south east of Berry Head, Devon by SM UC-66 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Rivina (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 15 nautical miles (28 km) north north west of Trevose Head (50°47′N 5°10′W) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
HMS Skate (Royal Navy) The Admiralty R-class destroyer was torpedoed and damaged in the North Sea off the Maas Lightship ( Netherlands) by SM UC-69 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of a crew member. She was repaired and returned to service.
Tandil (United Kingdom) The collier was torpedoed and sunk in the English Channel 20 nautical miles (37 km) west by north of Portland Bill (49°36′N 2°57′W) by SM UC-68 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of four of her crew.
Thode Fagelund (Norway) The cargo ship was sunk in the North Sea off the Noord Hinder Lightship ( Netherlands) (51°40′N 2°58′E) by SM UB-27 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Topaz (United Kingdom) The coaster was torpedoed and sunk in the English Channel 27 nautical miles (50 km) east by north of Cape Barfleur, Manche, France (49°50′N 0°40′W) by SM UB-18 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of three of her crew.

[Sailor Steve]

March 12, 1917

North of Ireland:
After losing her captain and navigator three days earlier, the damaged U-48 is on her way home under the command of her First Officer, Hinrich Hermann Hashagen, when they come across French barque Guerveur, 2,596 tons, bound from Clyde to New Caledonia with a load of coal, west of Tory Island. After allowing the crew to abandon ship, Hashagen sinks her with his deck gun. This is his first sinking as a captain.



West of Ireland:
Hans Rose, commanding U-53, sinks Belgian freighter SS Hainut, 4,113 tons, en route from New York to Calais with an unspecified cargo. His score is now 27 ships and 65,513 tons.



Cornwall:
Paul Hundius, in UC-47, attacks and scuttles a British fishing fleet off Trevose Head:
C.A.S., 60 tons.
Ena, 56 tons.
Gratia, 37 tons.
Hyacinth, 56 tons.
Inter-nos, 59 tons.
Jessamine, 56 tons.
Lent Lilly, 23 tons.
Nellie, 61 tons.
Proverb, 37 tons.
Rivina, 22 tons.
Hundius' score is now 27 vessels and 25,243 tons.



Celtic Sea:
Ernst Hashagen, in U-62, sinks three ships west of Bishop Rock:
American freighter SS Algonquin, 1,806 tons, carrying a general cargo from New York to London.
Norwegian freighter SS Collingwood, 1,042 tons, en route from Rosario to Kristiania with a load of maize.
French sailing ship Jules Gommes, 2,595 tons, travelling in ballast from Ipswich to Bahia Blanca.
Hashagen's score is now 16 ships and 16,361 tons.

Otto Wünsche, in U-70, torpedoes British tanker SS Winnebago, 4,666 tons, travelling from Bato Rouge to Brest with a load of fuel oil, north of Bishop Rock. The damaged ship manages to make safe port.

English Channel:
Claus Lafrenz, in UB-18, sinks British freighter SS Topaz, 696 tons, travelling in ballast from Honfleur to Port Talbot. His score is now 36 ships and 36,369 tons.

Herbert Pustkuchen, in UC-66, sinks five vessels:
Norwegian freighter SS Einar Jarl, 1,849 tons, travelling in ballast from London to Fowey; sunk off Start Point.
British fishing smack Forget-Me-Not, 40 tons, scuttled off Portland Bill.
British freighter SS Glynymel, 1,394 tons, travelling in ballast from Le Havre to Swansea; attacked with the gun, abandoned and then scuttled off St. Catherine's Point.
British freighter SS Memnon, 3,203 tons, out of Western Africa for Hull with a general cargo; sunk off Portland Bill.
British fishing smack Reindeer, 52 tons, scuttled off Berry Head.
Pustkuchen's score is now 70 vessels and 91,598 tons.

Hans Degetau, in UC-68, torpedoes British freighter SS Tandil, 2,897 tons, travelling from Barry to Porland with a load of coal. His score is now 2 ships and 3,359 tons.
Degetau also attacks Q-Ship HMS Privet with his deck gun. Privet reports sinking the U-Boat, but UC-68 escapes unharmed. Originally this was reported to be U-85, which disappeared after March 7th.



North Sea:
British freighter SS Ambient, 1,517 tons, en route from Sunderland to Dunkerque with a load of coal, hits a mine laid by Georg Reimarus in UC-4 off the Shipwash Lightship.
British freighter SS Pontypridd, 1,556 tons, carrying a load of coal from Tyne to London, hits a mine laid by Reimarus off Aldeburgh Napes.
Reimarus' score is now 8 ships and 7,665 tons.

Hans Georg Lübbe, in UB-27, stops and scuttles Norwegian freighter SS Thode Fagelund, 4,352 tons, heading from Shanghai to Rotterdam with a load of Sesame Seed. This is Lübbe's first sinking.

Kurt Tebbenjohanns, in UC-44, sinks two ships southeast of the Orkney Islands:
Britiah freighter SS Lucy Anderson, 1,073 tons, carrying a load of coal from Hartlepool to Göteborg.
Norwegian freighter SS Marna, 914 tons, en route from Leith to West Norway with a general carto.
Tebbenjohanns' score is now 11 ships and 11,270 tons.

Erwin Waßner, in UC-69, torpedoes British destroyer HMS Skate, 975 tons. The crippled ship makes it safely to port.

British submarine E-49 hits a mine laid by Wilhelm Barten in UC-76 off Huney Island, in the Shetlands. Barten's score is now 4 ships and 1,966 tons.

UB-6 (Oskar Steckelberg) runs aground near the Maas River. The boat is interned at Hellevoetsluis.



Bay of Biscay:
Reinhold Saltzwedel, in UC-21, sinks two French fishing boats off the entrance to the Gironde River:
Alice Charles, 41 tons.
Arthuse, 40 tons.
Saltzwedel's score is now 47 vessels and 66,117 tons.



Mediterranean Sea:
Robert Moraht, in U-64, sinks Italian sailing vessel Nina M., 117 tons, off Malta, bringing his score to 9 ships and 17,772 tons.

British freighter SS Bilswood, 3,097 tons, carrying a load of coal from Hull to Alexandria, hits a mine laid off Alexandria by Gustav Seiß in U-73. His score is now 16 ships and 111.138 tons.

[Jimbuna]

13th March 1917

Western Front

British occupy Loupart Wood and Grevillers, 1.5 miles from Bapaume.

Enemy abandons ground east and north-east of Gommecourt.

Lively fighting north-east of Soissons.

Germans fail to retake Hill 185.

Fighting in St. Mihiel region (south-east of Verdun).

Eastern Front

Bulgarians bombard Galatz from the Danube.

Southern Front

Field hospitals at Vertekop (Serbia) bombed: two British nurses and others killed.

British line south-west of Doiran advanced 1,000 yards.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theatres

Russians take Kermanshah (Persia) after two days' fighting.

Another column approaches Bana (140 miles north-west of Kermanshah).

British 30 miles north of Baghdad.

Aviation

Despite losing more airplanes than the Germans, British government declares it is confident it can win air supremacy.

Naval

German submarine SM UC-68, credited with sinking two ships, is sunk by its own mine, resulting in loss of all hands.

Political, etc.

The explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton, while speaking in Sydney, states he seeks war service, as all able-bodied Britons should fight.

Political crisis in France grows serious, as the Opposition Party refuses to vote due to disagreements with PM Briand on military decisions.

General Smuts sworn of the Privy Council.

Statement on mastery of air in House of Commons.

Government intends to stand by new Indian cotton duties.

New York City mayor urges its citizens to sign a declaration of “unconditional loyalty” to the United States.

Impending cabinet crisis in Austria.

Revolutionary movement at Petrograd continues. Tsar Nicholas II leaves the front and attempts to enter Petrograd, but is unable to enter the city due to revolutionaries controlling the city.

China breaks off relations with Germany.

Ship Losses:

Alma (Russia) The schooner was shelled and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean off Wexford, United Kingdom (approximately 51°35′N 7°35′W) by SM U-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Comrades (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was shelled and sunk in the North Sea off the coast of Norfolk by SM UB-32 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Coronda (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 180 nautical miles (330 km) west of Tory Island, County Donegal (56°11′N 13°40′W) by SM U-81 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of nine crew.
Dag (Sweden) The schooner was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean south of the Fastnet Rock[137] (49°18′N 9°28′W) by SM U-62 ( Kaiserliche Marine). All ten people on board survived.
Demeterton (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 730 nautical miles (1,350 km) east by north of Cape Race, Newfoundland by SMS Möwe ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew were taken as prisoners of war.
De Tien Kinders (Belgium) The fishing vessel was sunk in the North Sea off the coast of Norfolk by SM UB-32 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Elisabeth (French Navy) The naval trawler struck a mine laid by UB 12 (Ernst Steindorff) and sank in the English Channel off Calais, Pas-de-Calais (51°01′N 1°52′E).
Elizabeth Eleanor (United Kingdom) The three-masted schooner was shelled and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 77 nautical miles (143 km) north west of Trevose Head, Cornwall (50°47′N 6°58′W) by SM U-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Girda (Norway) The cargo ship was sunk in the Bay of Biscay off the Île d'Oléron, Charente-Maritime, France by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Gold Seeker (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was shelled and sunk in the North Sea off the coast of Norfolk by SM UB-32 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
La Campine (Netherlands) The tanker was captured and sunk in the North Sea (56°00′N 4°57′E) by SM UC-50 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Luciline (United Kingdom) The tanker was torpedoed and damaged in the Atlantic Ocean off Tearaght Island, County Kerry by SM U-61 ( Kaiserliche Marine). She was beached but was later refloated.
Navenby (United Kingdom) The trawler was scuttled in the North Sea 85 nautical miles (157 km) east of Rattray Head, Aberdeenshire by SM UC-44 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Northwaite (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean off the Blasket Islands, County Kerry (52°11′N 11°07′W) by SM U-61 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Norwegian (Norway) The cargo ship struck a mine laid by UC 43 (Erwin Sebelin) and sank in the Atlantic Ocean 4 nautical miles (7.4 km) south west of Seven Heads, Clonakilty, County Cork, United Kingdom with the loss of five of her crew.
Pera (Russia) The full-rigged ship was scuttled in St. George's Channel (50°50′N 7°00′W) by SM U-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Reward (United Kingdom) The three-masted schooner was shelled and sunk in the English Channel south of Start Point, Cornwall (49°55′N 3°15′W) by SM UC-72 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of all hands.
Try (United Kingdom) The fishing smack was shelled and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 10 nautical miles (19 km) south of the Wolf Rock, Cornwall (49°52′N 5°46′W) by SM UC-66 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
SM UC-68 (Kaiserliche Marine) The Type UC II submarine was sunk by the detonation of one of her own mines off Start Point, Cornwall, United Kingdom with the loss of all 26 crew.
Vivina (Spain) The cargo ship was sunk in the Bay of Biscay 12 nautical miles (22 km) off the Île d'Oléron by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
HMS Warner (Royal Navy) The Q-ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean south west of Ireland (52°20′N 11°00′W) by SM U-61 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of eleven crew.

[Sailor Steve]

March 13, 1917

Ireland:
Victor Dieckmann, commanding U-61, sinks two ship just off the west coast:
British freighter SS Northwaite, 3,626 tons, bound from Sfax for Dublin with a load of phosphate.
British Q-Ship HMS Warner, 1,273 tons, torpedoed at 0845. The ship sinks in just a few minutes. One lifeboat drifts away, and the other is sucked down with the ship. The captain, navigator and three sailors are taken aboard U-61 as prisoners. At 1300 British submarine D-3 rescues several of the crew, but 11 were lost.
Later in the day U-61 torpedoes British tanker SS Luciline, 3,765 tons, en route from New York to Le Havre with a load of naphtha, but the damaged ship is beached and later refloated.
Dieckmann's score is now 15 ships and 22,781 tons.

Otto Wünsche, in U-70, sinks three ships off the south coast:
Russian schooner Alma, 335 tons, en route from Faro to Liverpool with a load of locust beans; sunk by deck gun off Wexford.
British schooner Elizabeth Eleanor, 169 tons, carrying a load of iron ore from Malaga to Bristol; sunk by deck gun off Trevose Head.
Russian sailing ship Pera, 1,737 tons, travelling from Rosario to Swansea with a load of Maize. Pera was stopped on the 12th, and the crew abandoned ship. U-70 then spotted British freighter Winnebago, chased her down and torpedoed her. Winnebago survived, and on the 13th U-70 comes across Pera again, now drifting unmanned, and scuttles the empty ship.
Wünsche's score is now 49 ships and 64,167 tons.

British freighter SS Norwegian, 6,237 tons, carrying a general cargo from New York to Liverpool, hits a mine laid by Erwin Sebelin in UC-43 off Clonalkitty Bay, on the coast of County Cork. His score is now 13 ships and 19,551 tons.



North of Ireland:
Raimund Weisbach, in U-81, sinks Britssh freighter SS Coronda, 2,733 tons, en route from Clyde to South Georgia with a general cargo. His score is now 19 ships and 52,593 tons.



Celtic Sea:
Ernst Hashagen, in U-62, stops and scuttles Swedish sailing ship Dag, 250 tons, carrying a load of logwood from Laguna to Queenstown; off Fastnet. His score is now 17 ships and 16,611 tons.



English Channel:
French Naval Trawler Elisabeth, 302 tons, hits a mine laid by Ernst Steindorff in UB-12 off Calais. This is Steindorff's first sinking.

Herbert Pustkuchen, in UC-66, sinks British fishing smack Try, 34 tons, with his deck gun. His core is now 71 vessels and 91,632 tons.

Ernst Voigt, now commanding UC-72, uses his deck gun to sink British schooner Reward, 172 tons, en route from Falmouth to Guernsey with a load of coal. Hia score is now 40 ships and 13,071 tons.

UC-68, commanded by Hans Degetau, goes missing. Previously recorded as having been blown up by one of her own mines, her fate is now listed as "unknown".



North Sea:
Max Viebeg, in UB-32, sinks three fishing vessels off Smith's Knoll, Norfolk:
Comrades, British, 58 tons, deck gun.
De Tien Kinders, Dutch, 44 tons, deck gun.
Gold Seeker, British, 62 tons, deck gun.
Vieberg's score is now 7 vessels and 1,695 tons.

Reinhold Saltzwedel, in UC-21, sinks two ships off the Ile d’Oleron, near La Rochelle:
Norwegian freighter SS Girda, 1,824 tons, carrying a load of coal from Glasgow to La Pallice.
Spanish freighter SS Vivina, 3,034 tons, en route from Newport, Wales to Horta with a load of coal.
Saltzwedel's score is now 49 ships and 70,975 tons.

Kurt Tebbenjohanns, in UC-44, captures two British trawlers near Rattray Head, in the north of Scotland:
Navenby, 167 tons; scuttled.
Nuttallia, 229 tons, taken as a prize.
Tebbenjohanns' score is now 13 vessels and 11,666 tons.

Rudolf Seuffer, in UC-50, begins his career with the sinking of Dutch tanker SS La Campine, 2,557 tons, travelling in ballast from Rotterdam to New York.

[Jimbuna]

14th March 1917

Western Front

British advance west and south-west of Bapaume and south of Achiet-le-Petit (Ancre).

Progress towards Les Essarts on extreme left.

Southern Front

Monastir front lively: Austrians attack west and Italians advance east of town.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theatres

British 35 miles north-east of Baghdad.

Fighting on west bank of Tigris.

Turks hurrying north to position at Mushaidiya (20 miles north of Baghdad).

Naval

Crew of the German merchant raider SMS Möwe returns from their 2nd raiding voyage, having sunk or captured 25 ships.


Political, etc.

The U.S. considers quickly building 1000 small wooden ships for transatlantic trade to defeat the German submarine threat.

“The Mail” reports that British beer restrictions will mean 30,000 pubs may be forced to close.

Chinese government severs diplomatic relations with Germany. German merchant ships in Shanghai are seized by China.

Soldiers guarding the Alexander Palace in Tsarskoe Selo abandon their posts and leave the Russian royal family.

Petrograd Soviet Order No. 1 is issued, ordering soldiers to obey their officers as long as it did not contradict the Petrograd Soviet.

Moscow, Kharkov and Odessa declare for Provisional Government; Grand Duke Cyril with his sailors place them under M. Rozianko's orders.

German minister at Pekin handed his passports.

General Lyautey, French Minister of War, resigns.

India restricts the emigration of labor except to Ceylon and Malay State in order to conserve its workforce for the war effort.

Ship Losses:

Aquila (Norway) The sailing vessel was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean west of the Orkney Islands, United Kingdom by SM U-53 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Blåmanden (Norway) The coaster was shelled and sunk in the Bay of Biscay 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) east of the Île du Pilier, Vendée (47°01′N 2°27′W) by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Bray Head (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was shelled and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 375 nautical miles (694 km) north west by west of the Fastnet Rock (52°04′N 18°50′W) by SM U-44 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of 21 crew.
Brika (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in St. George's Channel 13 nautical miles (24 km) south east by south of the Coningbeg Lightship ( United Kingdom) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of two of her crew.
Davanger (Norway) The cargo ship was sunk in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) west north west of Hoek van Holland, South Holland, Netherlands by SM UB-27 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Governor (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 930 nautical miles (1,720 km) west of the Fastnet Rock by SMS Möwe ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of four of her crew. The survivors were taken as prisoners of war.
La Marne (France) The sailing vessel was sunk in the Bay of Biscay by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Orsova (United Kingdom) The ocean liner struck a mine laid by UC 68 (Hans Degetau) and was damaged in the Atlantic Ocean off the Eddystone Lighthouse with the loss of eight lives. She was beached but was later refloated.
Paignton (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was shelled and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 40 nautical miles (74 km) north west of the Skellig Islands, County Kerry (52°01′N 11°29′W) by SM U-81 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of a crew member.
Rose Lea (United Kingdom) The collier was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 230 nautical miles (430 km) west of the Bishop Rock, Isles of Scilly (48°45′N 12°08′W) by SM U-62 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Storaas (Norway) The cargo ship was sunk in the North Sea 160 nautical miles (300 km) south west of Lista, Vest-Agder (55°30′N 2°55′E) by SM UC-29 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.

[Sailor Steve]

March 14, 1917

Atlantic Ocean, far west of Ireland:
Paul Wagenfür, commanding U-44, sinks British freighter SS Bray Head, 3,077 tons, bound from St. John, New Brunswick for Belfast with a general cargo. His score is now 18 ships and 55,466 tons.



Ireland:
Raimund Weisbach, in U-81, sinks British freighter SS Paignton, 2,017 tons, heading from Greece to Glasgow with a load of magnesite. His score is now 20 ships and 54,610 tons.

Paul Hundius, in UC-47, sinks British freighter SS Brika, 3,549 tons, travelling from Santiago de Cuba to London with a load of sugar; off Coningbeg Rock.



Atlantic Ocean, west of the Celtic Sea:
Ernst Hashagen, in U-62, sinks British freighter SS Rose Lea, 2,830 tons, en route from Cardiff to Malta with a load of coal. his score is now 18 ships and 19,441 tons.



English Channel:
British passenger liner SS Orsova, 12,036 tons, headed from London for Devenport with a load of government supplies, hits a mine laid off Eddystone by Hans Degetau in UC-68. The damaged ship is beached and later refloated.



Orkney Islands:
Hans Rose, in U-53, sinks Norwegian sailing ship Aquila, 1,093 tons, travelling in ballast from Aberdeen to Savannah. His score is now 28 ships and 66,606 tons.



North Sea:
Hans Georg Lübbe, in UB-27, sinks Norwegian freighter SS Davanger, 5,876 tons, carrying a load of barley from New York to Rotterdam, off the Hoek van Holland. His score is now 2 ships and 10,228 tons.

Ernst Rosenow, in UC-29, sinks Norwegian freighte SS Storaas, 3,041 tons, travelling in ballast from Moss to Tyne. His score is now 10 ships and 10,431 tons.



Bay of Biscay:
Reinhold Saltzwedel, in UC-21, sinks two ships:
Norwegian freighter SS Blaamanden, 954 tons, bound from Huelva for Nantes with a load pyrites.
French sailing vessel La Marne, 133 tons.
Saltzwedel's score is now 51 ships and 72,062 tons.



Durban, South Africa:
After six weeks in drydock, HMS Severn moves out and ties up at a jetty.



Atlantic Ocean:
German raider SMS Möwe sinks British freighter SS Governor, 5,524 tons. This is Möwe's last sinking. Considered too valuable to risk again, She will serve in the Baltic Sea as a submarine tender, then be renamed Ostsee in 1918 and finish the war as an auxiliary minelayer. In 1919 she will go to Britain as the freighter Greenbrier. In 1933 she will be purchased again by a German firm and renamed Oldenburg. She will run supplies from Germany and Norway in World War 2, and survive almost to the end of that war. On April 7, 1945 she will be attacked by Bristol Beaufighters using cannon and rockes to sink her (According to Wiki. Conway's has her being torpedoed by a British submarine).

[Jimbuna]

15th March 1917

Western Front

British progress on 2.5 mile front between St. Pierre Vaast Wood and Saillisel (north of Somme).

German attack east of Achiet-le-Petit.

French progress between Avre and Oise.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theatres

Turkish concentration in Asia Minor contemplated.

British take Mushaidiya; Turks in full flight towards Samarra (Tigris).

Naval and Overseas Operations

British T.B. mined in Channel.

Political, etc.

Despite German submarine warfare, British Board of Trade announces overseas trade in February increased by £4.5 million.

Tsar Nicholas abdicates and resigns rights of his son; preparations for calling a Constituent Assembly based on universal suffrage.

Sixth German War Loan floated.

French Army agrees to send 5 of its officers to the U.S. to help train American soldiers.

German Chancellor von Bethmann-Hollweg states Germany will give more power to the people after the war.

U.S. railway men threaten strike.

Vote of Credit in Commons.

French Chamber pass summertime bill.

Ship Losses:

Adieu Va (France) The sailing vessel was sunk in the English Channel off Cape Barfleur, Manche by SM UB-18 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Balaguier (France) The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 150 nautical miles (280 km) south west of the Bishop Rock, Isles of Scilly, United Kingdom (48°40′N 9°30′W) by SM U-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Circe (France) The cargo ship was torpedoed and damaged in the Atlantic Ocean 96 nautical miles (178 km) south west of the Bishop Rock (49°10′N 8°50′W) by SM U-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine with the loss of four crew. She was discovered derelict the next day by Gordonia ( United Kingdom), which rescued a survivor. Circe subsequently sank.
Coonagh (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was sunk in the English Channel off Saint-Valery-en-Caux, Seine-Maritime, France (49°55′N 0°42′E) by SM UC-16 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of all ten crew.
Eugene Pergeline (France) The barque was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean off the Fastnet Rock (51°05′N 9°35′W) by SM U-54 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Eugene Robert (France) The schooner was shelled and sunk in the Bay of Biscay 22 nautical miles (41 km) north west of the Île d'Yeu, Vendée (47°00′N 2°50′W) by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Fleur d'Esperance (France) The fishing vessel was shelled and sunk in the Bay of Biscay 8 nautical miles (15 km) south of Kerdonis Point, Belle Île, Morbihan by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
HMS Foyle (Royal Navy) The River-class destroyer struck a mine laid by UC 68 (Hans Degetau) in the Strait of Dover, the force of which blew off her bows. Twenty eight of her crew were killed. The stern was towed towards Plymouth but sank off the Mewstone (50°16.70′N 04°10.80′W).
Frimaire (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Bay of Biscay 21 nautical miles (39 km) south south east of Belle Île (47°03′N 2°26′W) by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of twelve of her crew.
Petit Jean (France) The fishing vessel was sunk in the Bay of Biscay 15 nautical miles (28 km) south of Pointe d'Arzie by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Solferino (Norway) The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 7 nautical miles (13 km) north of Ouessant, Finistère, France by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Wilfred (Norway) The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 18 nautical miles (33 km) north of Ouessant (48°42′N 5°06′W) by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.

[Sailor Steve]

March 15, 1917

Air War:
1545 South African RFC pilot Quintin Brand, flying Nieuport 17 6668, shoots down an LVG two-seater for victory number 2.

1545 English RFC pilot Cecil William Clark, in a Nieuport 17, shoots down an Albatros D.II for victory number 1.

1635 Quintin Brand scores his second kill of the day, shooting down an Albatros for number 3.
(The Aerodrome website says this is a D.V, but that plane was not in service yet. What is more interesting is that the Jastas report no losses on this day. It could be that the pilots all survived uninjured, so were not considered casualties.)

1730 German pilot Kurt Küppers, in an Albatros D.I or D.II, shoots down FE.2b A780 for victory number 1. 2nd Lt W.D. Matheson and Sgt G. Goodburn are both wounded but land on their own side of the lines.

Belgian pilot Edmond Theiffry, in a Nieuport, shoots down a two-seater for victory number 1.

English pilot Cyril Nelson Lowe, flying an FE.2b with 2nd Lt G. Masters as observer, shoots down a German two-seater for victory number 1.

Ireland:
Volkhard von Bother, commanding U-54, stops French barque Eugene Pergeline, 2,203 tons, bound from Tchio to Clyde with a load of nickel ore, off Fastnet Rock and sinks her with a torpedo. His score is now 6 ships and 20,851 tons.

Celtic Sea:
Otto Wünsche, in U-70, torpedoes two French freighters travelling together, far southwest of Bishop's Rock:
SS Balaguier, 2,293 tons, route and cargo unknown.

SS Circe, 4,133 tons, carrying 5,700 tons of coal from Barry to Bizerte. The crew abandons ship but the chief engineer is left behind. The ship doesn't sink right away and at 1100 hours the next day is sighted by British freighter SS Gordania. The chief engineer is rescued at this time.
Wünsche's score is now 51 ships and 70,593 tons.

English Channel:
Claus Lafrenz, in UB-18, sinks French sailing vessel Adieu Va, 64 tons, off Start Point. His score is now 37 vessels and 36,433 tons.

Egon von Werner, in UC-16, sinks British freighter SS Coonagh, 1,412 tons, carrying a load of steel billets and iron ore from Middlesbrough to Rouen, off Saint Valery en Caux. All 10 crew are lost and the ship is listed as missing until after the war. His score is now 48 ships and 53,344 tons.

Paul Hundius, in UC-47, sinks two Norwegian freighters northwest of Ushant:
SS Solferino, 1,155 tons, en route form Oporto to Stavanger with passengers and general cargo.
SS Wilfred, 1,121 tons, carrying a load of coal from Newport, Wales to Gibraltar.
Hundius' score is now 30 ships and 31,067 tons.

British destroyer HMS Foyle, 550 tons, hits a mine laid off Plymouth by Hans Degetau in UC-68. Her bow blown off, the ship is taken under tow, but founders on the way. This is Degetau's last sinking, UC-68 being missing after March 13. His final score is 3 ships and 3,909 tons.

Bay of Biscay:
Reinhold Saltzwedel, in UC-21, sinks four ships in the Saint Nazaire area:
French schooner Eugene Robert, 98 tons, carrying coal from Swansea to Bordeaux; deck gun.
French fishing vessel Fleur d'Esperance, 24 tons; deck gun.
French fishing vessel Petit Jean, 21 tons; scuttled.
British freighter SS Frimaire, 1,778 tons, travelling in ballast from Saint Nazaire to Bayonne.
Saltzwedel's score is now 55 ships and 73,983 tons.

[Jimbuna]

16th March 1917

Western Front

Big advance on Somme: British occupy St. Pierre Vaast Wood, dominating Peronne.

Zeppelin raid on Kent and Sussex: no casualties.

Aeroplanes over Westgate.

Southern Front

Austrians destroy Italian defences in San Pellegrino valley (Dolomites) and occupy positions there.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theatres

Russians dislodge Turks from summit of Naleshkian (Persia) and occupy Alliabad, engaging enemy neat Kerind.

Political, etc.

British labour leaders send telegram of sympathy to Russian labour party.

Winter Palace declared State property.

Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich declines the Russian throne, realizing that he has little support as ruler.


Speech by M. Kerenski in Duma.

Turkish Senate approves agreement with Baghdad Railway Co.

Acute potato famine in England.

Sheikh-ul-Islam again proclaims Holy War; general mobilisation of Turks ordered.

Ship Losses:

Anaïs (France) The schooner was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 14 nautical miles (26 km) south east of the Glénan Islands, Finistère by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Catania (Italy) The passenger ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 15 nautical miles (28 km) off Belvedere Calabro (39°32′N 15°42′E) by SM U-64 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Cordouan (France) The pilot boat was sunk in the Bay of Biscay off the coast of Gironde by SM UC-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Gudbrand (Norway) The cargo ship was sunk in the North Sea 7 nautical miles (13 km) north east of Blyth, Northumberland, United Kingdom by SM UC-50 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Kingswood (United Kingdom) The cargo ship collided with another vessel and sank. Her crew were rescued.
Madeleine Davoust (France) The schooner was shelled and damaged in the Bay of Biscay 6 nautical miles (11 km) north west of Penmarc'h, Finistère by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine). The attack was broken off due to the arrival of a torpedo boat. Madeleine Davoust was taken in tow but sank at Audierne.
Maggie Belle (United Kingdom) The schooner caught fire and sank in the Atlantic Ocean east of the Azores, Portugal. Her crew were rescued.
Medusa (Italy) The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean off Ouessant, Finistère by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Narragansett (United Kingdom) The tanker was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean south west of Ireland (50°12′N 17°34′W) by SM U-44 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of 46 crew.
Norma Pratt (United Kingdom) The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 150 nautical miles (280 km) west of the Bishop Rock, Isles of Scilly (48°53′N 9°53′W) by SM U-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived, but two of them were taken as prisoners of war.
Pandion (United Kingdom) The cargo ship collided with another vessel and sank. Her crew were rescued.
Pencaer (United Kingdom) The fishing ketch was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 9 nautical miles (17 km) south by west of Ram Head, County Cork by SM UC-48 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
HMT Protect (Royal Navy) The naval trawler was lost on this date.
Ronald (Norway) The cargo ship was sunk in the Bay of Biscay 7.5 nautical miles (13.9 km) south south east of the Penfret Lighthouse, Glénan Islands, Finistère (47°42′N 3°52′W) by SM UC-21 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Sir Joseph (United Kingdom) The ketch was scuttled in the English Channel 30 nautical miles (56 km) south south east of Start Point, Devon by SM UB-18 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Sully (France) The barque was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 15 nautical miles (28 km) west of Ouessant by SM UC-47 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Vigilancia (United States) The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 145 nautical miles (269 km) west of the Bishop Rock (48°57′N 9°34′W) by SM U-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of fifteen of her crew.
William Martin (United Kingdom) The schooner was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 9 nautical miles (17 km) south by west of Ram Head by SM UC-48 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.

[Sailor Steve]

March 16, 1917

Air War:
0908 French ace Georges Guynemer, flying SPAD VII 254, shoots down an Albatros two-seater for victory number 32. Uffz August Reichenbach and Obltn Wilfried Buchdrucker are both killed.

0926 Georges Guynemr scores his second kill of the day, shooting down the Roland D.II of Ltn Lothar von Hausen, who is wounded and captured. He will die of his wounds on July 15.

0928 French pilot "Lt Raymond", in a Nieport 17, is credited with an "Enemy Aircraft", for victory number 2. This may be future ace Georges Raymond, but The Aerodrome listing for him shows no kills this day. If it was him, this would be victory number 3. The Aerodrome also shows it as a shared kill, with Guynemer at 0908.

0930 German pilot Wilhelm Allmenröder, in an Albatros D.III, destroys a French observation balloon for victory number 2. Adj A. Bry descends safely.

0931 French ace Albert Deullin, in a SPAD VII, shoots down an Albatros two-seater for victory number 12. His likely victims are Flg Josef Freundorfer and Flg Franz May, both killed.

1045 French pilot Gilbert Triboulet, flying a Nieuport, shoots down a "Scout" for victory number 4. This is probablyObltn Heinrich Schwander, Commander of Jasta 32, killed while flying Albatros D.III 2111/16.

1115 German ace Friedrich Mannschott, in an Albatros D.III, destroys a French observation balloon for victory number 12. Shortly after this Mannschott is killed in a fight against four Caudrons. There is no information available on who they were or who was credited with downing him, if anybody.
(The French lose two balloons in this sector this day. Mdl Berger makes a safe descent. Mdl Bes is killed.)

1255 German pilot Hugo Kämmel, probably in an Albatros D.II shoots down Sopwith Salmson-Moineau N5134 for victory number 1. Sgt Louis Pivette of Escadrille Sop 29 is taken prisoner.

1430 Georges Guynemer gets victory number 3 for the day when he shoots down and Albatros two-seater, number 34 overall.

1430 French pilot, Jean Matton, in a Nieuport, shoots down an "Enemy Aircraft" for victory number 4.

1455 French pilots Adrien Louis Jacues Leps and Sgt Maillan share the downing of an Albatros two-seater. Victory number 1 for both.

1500 Adrien Leps downs another two-seater for victory number 2.

French pilot maurice Jean Paul Boyau, in a Nieuport, shoots down an Aviatik two-seater for victory number 1. Uffz Karl Kolrop and Ltn Feodor Kellner are both killed.

German pilot Albert Dossenbach, in an Albatros D.III, claims a Caudron, but it is Unconfirmed.

French pilot Gustave Douchy, flying a Nieuport, shoots down a German two-seater for victory number 5.

French pilot Andre herbelin, flying a Nieuport 17, shoots down an "Enemy Aircraft" for victory number 2.

German pilot Kurt Student, probably in an Albatros D.II, shoots down a Nieuport for victory number 4. According to the Jasta War Chronology his victim may be SLt Raymond Havet of N77, flying a Nieuport 17, but the French Air Service Chronology says he was more likely brought down by Vzfw Schlegel and Ltn Metzger in a two-seater from FlAbt 39.



Atlantic Ocean, far southwest of Ireland:
Paul Wagenfür, commanding U-44, sinks British tanker SS Narragansett, 9,196 tons, bound from New York for London with a load of lubricating oil. His score is now 19 ships and 64,662 tons.



Ireland:
Kurt Ramien, in UC-48, sinks two vessels off Ram Head, southern Ireland:
British smack Pencaer, 59 tons; scuttled.
British schooner William Martyn, 104 tons.
Ramien's score is now 18 vessels and 22,868 tons.



Celtic Sea:
Otto Wünsche, in U-70, sinks two ships west of Bishop Rock:
British freighter SS Norma Pratt, 4,416 tons, en route from Le Havre to New York with a load of hides and wine.
American freighter SS Vigilancia, 4,115 tons, carrying a load of sugar and foodstuffs from New York to Le Havre.
Wünsche's score is now 53 ships and 79,124 tons.

Paul Hundius, in UC-47, sinks two ships west of Ushant:
Italian freighter SS Medusa, 1,274 tons, en route from Huelva to the UK with a load of iron ore.
French barque Sully, 2,649 tons, carrying a load of wheat from Bahia Blanca to Brest; scuttled.
Hundius' score is now 32 ships and 34,990 tons.



English Channel:
Claus Lafrenz, in UB-18, stops and scuttles British ketch Sir Joseph, 84 tons, travelling in ballast from Granville to Plymouth. His score is now 38 vessels and 36,517 tons.



North Sea:
British armed merchant cruiser HMS Motagua, 5,977 tons, hits a mine laid by Alfred von Glasenapp in U-80; northwest of the Orkney Islands. The damaged ship manages to make port safely.

Rudolf Seuffer, in UC-50, sinks Norwegian freighter SS Gudbrand, 1,860 tons, bound from Tyne for Christiania with a load of coal; off Blyth. His score is now 2 ships and 4,417 tons.



Bay of Biscay:
Reinhold Saltzwedel, in UC-21, sinks three vessels near the Ile des Glenans:
French schooner Anais, 130 tons, en route from Cardiff to Saint Pierre de Quiberon with a load of coal; scuttled.
French schooner Madeleine Davoust, 148 tons, carrying a load of coal from Falmouth to Sables d'Olonne; gun. The attack was foiled when a torpedo boat showed up, but the schooner sank anyway while being towed to port.
Norwegian freighter SS Ronald, 3,021 tons, travelling from Cardiff to Civitavecchia with a load of coal.
Saltzwedel's score is now 58 ships and 77,282 tons.

Werner Fürbringer, in UC-70, sinks French pilot boat Cordouan, 28 tons, off the mouth of the Gironde River. His score is now 57 vessels and 52,025 tons.
Fürbringer also attacks French Q-Ship Mararet VI, 852 tons, with his deck gun, but the damaged ship escapes.



Italy:
Robert Moraht, in U-64, sinks Italian passenger liner SS Catania, 3,188 tons, en route from Bombay to Naples; off Belvedere Calabro on the southern west coast. His score is now 10 ships and 20,960 tons.



Beira, South Africa:
HMFM Trent has moved from Durban to Biera to pick up a contingient of troops for Dar-Es-Salaam. Yesterday she took aboard 2 officers and 450 men, plus several motor cars. As she prepared to raise anchor it was found that when she swung with the tide the chains fouled each other. A tug attempted to cant the ship so the chains could be cleared, but it proved unable to do so.

At 0130 today the tug again attempts to tilt the ship, and at 0400 finally succeeds in swinging her around so the chains are separated. At 0530 the crew begin the job of clearing the chains by hand. The chains are cleared and the anchors raised at 0745. At 0827 Trent proceeds out of the harbor.

[Jimbuna]

17th March 1917

Western Front

British take Bapaume and seven other villages after hard fighting; advance south of Somme and occupy Fresnes and six other villages.

Germans abandon line between Andechy and Oise held by them for two years.

French enter Roye and Lassigny.

Frankfurt bombed in reprisal for destruction of Bapaume.

Aeroplane raid on Kent: no casualties.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theatres

British stated to be 35 miles north of Baghdad.

Russians occupy Kerind on Tehran road after heavy fighting and continue to pursue Turks.

Naval and Overseas Operations

Enemy destroyers shell Ramsgate and sink a destroyer (HMS Paragon).

Political, etc.

Germans send many prisoners into war zone as "reprisal".

M. Briand and cabinet resign owing to Lyautey crisis.

Albert Hall meeting in favour of national service for women.

Loretta Perfectus Walsh becomes the 1st woman to enlist in the U.S. Navy and also the 1st woman to join the US military in a non-nurse role.

Franz Brentano, influential German philosopher, psychologist, and priest who taught Sigmund Freud and many others, has passed away.

Ship Losses:

Alcide Marie (France) The fishing vessel was sunk in the Bay of Biscay off the coast of Gironde by SM UC-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Antony (United Kingdom) The passenger ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Irish Sea 19 nautical miles (35 km) west by north of the Coningbeg Lightship ( United Kingdom) by SM UC-48 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of 55 lives.
HMT Caledonia (Royal Navy) The naval trawler was sunk in the North Sea off Newton-by-the-Sea, Northumberland by SM UC-50 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Camille Emile (France) The fishing vessel was sunk in the Bay of Biscay off the coast of Gironde by SM UC-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
City of Memphis (United States) The passenger ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 33 nautical miles (61 km) south of the Fastnet Rock by SM UC-66 ( Kaiserliche Marine). All 57 people on board survived.
Dieu te Garde (France) The fishing vessel was sunk in the Bay of Biscay off the coast of Gironde by SM UC-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Expedit (Norway) The coaster was sunk in the North Sea 15 nautical miles (28 km) east of the Farne Islands, Northumberland (56°04′N 0°04′W) by SM UC-50 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
HMT Gowan (Royal Navy) The naval trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 15 nautical miles (28 km) east by south of the Longstone Lighthouse by SM UC-50 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Guard (United Kingdom) The fishing vessel was shelled and sunk in the Irish Sea 8 nautical miles (15 km) south west by west of the Coningbeg Lightship ( United Kingdom) by SM UC-48 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Juliette (France) The fishing vessel was sunk in the Bay of Biscay off the coast of Gironde by SM UC-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Kestrel (United Kingdom) The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) east by south of the Longstone Lighthouse by SM UC-50 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Louis XIV (France) The fishing vessel was scuttled in the Bay of Biscay 35 nautical miles (65 km) west of the Île de Ré, Charente-Maritime by SM UC-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Marie Louise (France) The 291-gross register ton schooner was scuttled in the English Channel 35 nautical miles (65 km) east by south of Start Point, Devon, United Kingdom (50°07′N 2°45′W) by SM UB-18 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived, they were rescued by Basse Indre ( France).
Marie Louise (France) The 426-gross register ton sailing vessel was scuttled in the English Channel 32 nautical miles (59 km) east south east of Portland Bill, Dorset, United Kingdom (50°14′N 1°44′W) by SM UB-18 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
HMS Mignonette (Royal Navy) The Arabis-class sloop struck a mine laid by UC 66 (Herbert Pustkuchen) and sank in the Atlantic Ocean south west of Ireland with the loss of fourteen of her 79 crew.
Notre Dame du Perpetuel Secours (France) The fishing vessel was sunk in the Bay of Biscay off the coast of Gironde by SM UC-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Nozal (France) The fishing vessel was sunk in the Bay of Biscay off the coast of Gironde by SM UC-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
HMS Paragon (Royal Navy) Action of 17 March 1917: The Acasta-class destroyer was torpedoed and sunk in the Strait of Dover while in action with eight torpedo boats (all Kaiserliche Marine).
Primeira Flor d'Abril (Portugal) The fishing vessel was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 15 nautical miles (28 km) west of Cabo da Roca by SM UC-67 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Renée Islander (France) The fishing vessel was sunk in the Bay of Biscay off the coast of Gironde by SM UC-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Restaurador (Portugal) The fishing vessel was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 15 nautical miles (28 km) west of Cabo da Roca by SM UC-67 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Rupella (France) The fishing vessel was sunk in the Bay of Biscay off the coast of Gironde by SM UC-70 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Russia (Denmark) The cargo ship was sunk in the English Channel 24 nautical miles (44 km) north by east of Oeussant, Finistère, France (48°50′N 5°08′W) by SM UC-36 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of four of her crew.
Santa Rita Segunda (Portugal) The fishing vessel was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 15 nautical miles (28 km) west of Cabo da Roca by SM UC-67 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Senhora do Rosario (United Kingdom) The fishing vessel was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 15 nautical miles (28 km) west of Cabo da Roca by SM UC-67 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Tasso (United Kingdom) The cargo ship struck a mine laid by UC 70 (Werner Fürbringer) and sank in the Bay of Biscay 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) south of Groix, Morbihan, France with the loss of nineteen of her crew.
Tripoli (Italy) The coaster was shelled and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) north of Stromboli (39°22′N 15°17′E) by SM U-64 ( Kaiserliche Marine).

[Sailor Steve]

March 17, 1917

Air War:
The first Zeppelin raid of the year is carried out, using new airships designed to fly higher than British aircraft can reach. Five Zeppelins exceeding 5,000 metres (17,000 feet) altitude bomb the English countryside, causing £79 damage and no fatalities. L-39 suffers engine failures and drifts over Compiègne, France, where it is shot down by anti-aircraft guns, crashing with the loss of all her crew. L-35 crash-lands in Germany and is severely damaged. Despite the failure of the raid German naval Airship Service Commander, Peter Strasser, plans more such raids.

1025 Canadian RNAS pilot John Malone, flying Sopwith Pup 9898, shoots down a German two-seater for victory number 2.

1030 Welsh pilot Francis Mansel Kitto, in Sopwith 1½ Strutter A967 with 2nd Lt H.E. Ward as observer, shoots down an Albatros D.II for victory number 1.

1045 English RFC pilots James Slater, in Nieuport 17 A6624, and Cecil Clark, in A6672, share a victory over an Albatros D.III. Number 2 for both.

1100 German pilot Wilhelm Hippert, in a two-seater with an unnamed observer, shoots down an FE.2d for victory number 1.

1100 John Malone shoots down an Albatros D.II for victory number 3.

1115 English observer Leonard Emsden, riding in FE.2b 6940 with pilot Lt H.E. Davis, shoots down an Albatros D.III for victory number 2.

1120 German pilot Paul Strähle, in an Albatros D.III, shoots down Nieuport 17 A6617 for victory number 3. Lt A.J. Gilson is killed.

1130 Camadoam RFC pilot Reginald Malcolm, in FE.2d A782 with Lt. C.W. Wilson as observer, shoots down an Albatros D.II for victory number 2.

1130 English RFC ace Lancelot Richardson, in FE.2b 4839 with 2nd Lt D.C. Wollen as observer, shoots down an Albatros D.II for victory number 7.

1130 German ace Manfred von Richthofen, in a Halberstadt D.II, shoots down FE.2b A5439 for victory number 27. Lt Arthur Elsdale Boultbee and AM2 Frederick King are both killed.

About 1130 I attacked, with nine of my machines, an enemy squadron of 15 aircraft. During the fight I managed to force a Vickers two-seater aside, which I then, after 800 shots, brought down. In my machine-gun fire the plane lost its open-work fuselage. The occupants were killed and were taken for burial at Oppy.
Manfred von Richthofen

1145 German pilot Karl Allmenröder, flying an Albatros D.III, shoots down Sopwith 1½ Strutter A1111 for victory number 3. 2nd Lts J.C. Rimer and R.H. Lownds are both killed.

1145 German pilot Kurt Wolff, in an Albatros D.III, shoots down Sopwith 1½ Strutter A1097 for victory number 3. 2nd Lts Arthur Leslie Constable and Charles Duncan Knox are both killed.

1145 German ace Hartmuth Baldamus, in an Albatros D.III, shoots down two Nieuport 17s for victories number 14 and 15. One of them is flown by Brig Pierre Lautier, who is killed.

1215 German ace Werner Voss, in an Albatros D.III, shoots down FE.2b 7695 for victory number 16. 2nd Lt Russell Wokfred Cross and Lt Christopher Fyers Lodge are taken prisoner.

1225 Werner Voss scores his second kill in ten minutes, shooting down DH.2 A2583 for victory number 17. Lt Theodore Algernon Cooch is killed.

1320 English pilot Roy Chappell, flying Martinsyde G.100 A1573, shoots down a German two-seater for victory number 2.

1330 French ace Georges Guynemer, in SPAD VII 254 and Japanese pilot Kiyotake Shigeno, in SPAD VII 173 team up to shoot down a German two-seater. Uffz Karl Maurer and Ltn Eduard Marcard of FFA-12 are the likely victims, with both being killed about this time. Victory number 35 for Guynemer, number 2 for Shigeno.
Kiyotake Shigeno is one of those interesting histrical figures who make history fun. From the French Foreign Legion to the Air Service, his is a fascinating story.
https://translate.google.com/transla...no&prev=search

1430 German pilot Heinrich Gontermann, in an Albatros D.III, shoots down FE.2b 4900 for victory number 4. 2nd Lt F.R. Hudson and AM2 W. Richman are both wounded and forced to land.

1430 John Malone scores his third kill of the day, bringing down another Albatros D.II and his total to 4.

1430 German pilot Kurt Schneider, in an Albatros D.III, shoots down an FE.2b for victory number 1. No details.

1510 French pilot René Fonck, flying a Caudron G.4 with Paul Marcaggi as observer, and Slt Huffer escorting in a Nieuport, shoot down an Albatros fighter. Victory number 2 for Fonck, number 1 for Marcaggi and number 3 for Huffer.

1700 Manfred von Richthofen scores his second kill of the day, shooting down BE.2g 2814 for number 28. 2nd Lt George MacDonald Watt and Sgt Ernest Adam Howlett are both killed.

I had spotted an enemy infantry flyer. Several attacks directed from above produced no results, especially as my adversary did not accept a fight and was protected from above by other machines. Therefore I went down to 700 metres and attacked my adversary, who was flying at 900 metres, from below. After a short fight my opponent's plane lost both wings and fell. The machine crashed into no-man's land and was fired at by our infantry.
-Manfred von Richthofen

1725 English ace James Leith is teamed with Leonard Emsden in FE.2b 7693 to shoot down an Albatros D.II. Victory number 6 for Leith, number 3 for Emsden.

French pilot Alexandre Albert Roger Bretillon, in a Nieuport, shoots down an Albatros for victory number 1.

Prussia-born German pilot Ludwig Hanstein, in an Albatros D.III, shoots down a Nieuport 17 for victory number 2.

German pilot Friedrich Mallinckrodt, in an Albatros D.III, shoots down a Voisin for victory number 3.



Ireland:
Kurt Ramien, commanding UC-48, sinks two ships off the Coningsbeg lightship, near St. George's Channel:
British passenger/freighter SS Antony, 6,466 tons bound from Para for Liverpool with a general cargo. Fifty-five lives are lost.
British fishing vessel Guard, 38 tons.
Ramien's score is now 20 ships and 29,372 tons.



Celtic Sea:
Herbert Pustkuchen, in UC-66, sinks two ships south of Fastnet:
American passenger liner SS City of Memphis, 5,252 tons, travelling in ballast from Cardiff to New York.
Nritish freighter SS Magnonette, 1,250 tons, hits a mine laid by UC-66 off the southwest coast of Ireland.
Pustkuchen's score is now 73 ships and 98,134 tons.



English Channel:
Claus Lafrenz, in UB-18, sinks two French sailing vessels with the same name:
Schooner Marie Louise, 291 tons, en route from Le Havre to Briton Ferry with a load of old iron.
Schooner Marie Louise, 426 tons, carrying a load of coal frm Swansea to Fécamp.
Lafrenz's score is now 40 ships and 37,235 tons.

Gustav Buch, in UC-36, sinks Danish freighter SS Russia, 1,617 tons, travelling from Tyne to Montevideo with a load of coal; northeast of Ushant. His score is now 3 ships and 3,005 tons.



North Sea:
Rudolf Seuffer, in UC-50, stops and scuttles four ships in the Longstone area:
British trawler Caledonia, 161 tons.
British motor fishing vessel Gowan, 25 tons, being towed by Caledonia.
Norwegian freighter SS Expedit, 680 tons, travelling in ballast from Fraserburgh to Hull.
British trawler Kestrel, 181 tons.
Seuffer's score is now 6 ships and 5,464 tons.



Bay of Biscay:
Werner Fürbringer, in UC-70, scuttles a fishing fleet off the Girond River:
Alcide Marie, 26 tons.
Camille Emile, 20 tons.
Dieu te Garde, 30 tons.
Juliette, 29 tons.
Louis XIV, 44 tons.
Notre Dame du Perpetuel Secours, 29 tons.
Nozal, 34 tons.
Renee Islander, 25 tons.
Rupella, 38 tons.
British freighter SS Tasso, 1,859 tons, carrying war material from Manchester to La Pallice, hits a mine laid by UC-70 off Ile de Groix.
Fürbringer's score is now 67 ships and 54,205 tons.



Portugal:
Karl Neumann, in UC-67, scuttles four Portuguese fishing vessels off Cape Roca:
Primeira Flor d'Abril, 20 tons.
Restaurador, 25 tons.
Rita Segunda, 27 tons.
Senhora do Rosario, 22 tons.
Neumann's score is now 21 vessels and 15,491 tons.



Tyrrhenian Sea:
Robert Moraht, in U-64, uses his deck gun to sink Italian freighter SS Tripoli, 658 tons. His score is now 11 ships and 21,618 tons.



South Africa:
While at sea between Beira and Dar-Es-Salaam, one of the native troops aboard HMFM Trent comees down with smallpox. He is isolated in a cabin and the process of disinfecting the ship is begun.