Hm... not exactly...
We can easily lift the practical firing range limitations and let the AI shoot at any target within kinematic range. In fact that's how it the sim handled it for a while. So the functionality is already there - we also do on-the-fly DLZ calcs for SAM/AAMs to allow weapons to be fired 'early' to hit a fast closing target like an ASBM. But for relatively slow tops and fast ships this leads to a lot of stupid shots as the weapons are usually detected early and the defender has lots of time to move out of the way.
You can BOL-fire torps at any time, and guide them to any target.
As for fighting other submarines, sub-vs-sub is like a knife fight in a phone booth. If you get a good firing resolution on a sub beyond 6-ish nautical miles it suggests there might be something seriously wrong with the sensor model. So the firing range limit is pretty much a non-issue there, at least as far as I know.