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hitman, can you precise that "rather differently"?
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The first thing a Kaleun or IWO did was count the number of cargo/fuel (If a tanker) bays in a ship. The number of cranes gives away that, as there is a cargo bay before/behind a crane/ in the middle of two cranes. Multiplying the number of cargo bays by 1500 GRT he figured out the approximate tonnage of the ship. Then a simple formula was used to determine the length of the ship, since ship proportions follow rather similar mathematical formulas in naval ship construction/design. That's because the lebgth versus width versus tonnage of a ship has an ideal proportion, and beyond that one the hydrodinamic profile is not optimal
Believe it or not, using those methods together with the "seaman's eye" they came to reasonably close results, as 10-20 metres difference didn't change that much the speed measuring.