I also wrote a brief tutorial aimed at helping you to improve your ability to judge aob by eye
http://www.subsim.com/radioroom/showthread.php?t=134200
As for how the length was estimated
the US used a variety of methods as can be found in section 501 of this manual:
http://www.hnsa.org/doc/attack/index.htm#chap05
The Kriegsmarine, however obtained length for the aspect ratio through experience. at the beginning many submarine officers had worked in the merchant fleet and knew a lot about mercahnt shipbuilding, which tended to follow standard procedures around the world.
The number of cranes, for example, indicated the number of cargo bays. A cargo bay tended to be of standard size, and so the number of bays indicated total displacement. Total displacement indicated length and width at beam.
So they used a formula to obtain target length based on observation of these characteristics.- at least this is what Hitman told me