[Molon Labe]

In the case of the long range missile strike, sensor data will certainly not be available. In the others it may be available depending on conditions, but it's up to the player to be gathering that data. Usually information is lacking at the moment the shooting starts, it's not worth risking the boat to get that additional information. Once you've been engaged, it is very difficult to maintain the limited situational awareness that you started with.

EDIT: to be a little more practical I'll get more specific. You're in an FFG, tasked to protect a merchant convoy during wartime. Intel tells you that PRC subs 367 and 368 are out of port and may be in your operating area. You got lucky and found one with the helo and sank it. Where do you look for the next one? If you sank 368, you know the best defense is to collapse, it won't be a threat unless it gets within about 5nm. If you sank 367, you need to patrol away from the merchants aggressively because if it detects you first, you die. There's no way in hell ownship sensors will provide that data for you.

Even the difference between having an Akula-I(i) or an Akula-II around can have a significant effect on asset deployment, again, you're not going to know the difference from ownship sensors, at least not until you get DEMON data or an active fix.