Man.. I feel like a loser here. Largest ship I ever sent to the bottom was a big old troop ship in Scapa Flow.
I DID have an opprotunity to take down TWO battleships of the size pictured above once. They were driving in a nice straight line behind a C&C class that was leading them. I fired off all my torpedoes at the last ship in line. One missed. One exploded about 15 secconds after leaving the tube, another hit the ship but didn't explode and riccocheted off the hull, and the last one exploded a good 5-10 feet away from the ship (close enough to shower the sailors with water and fish). Oddly enough, the ships took no notice at all and just kept chugging along. They were going fast enough that I could hardly keep up with them and I ended up losing them in a fog bank.