Hi there,
if you are new to the game, I'd probably not start at 100% realism. I'd start much lower and gradually increase the realism, while studying targeting techniques like Fast 90 manual targetting which will quickly get you used to how the TDC works. Consider it your course at submarine school.
The best and most accurate way of obtaining a range is by stadimeter,unless you can use active sonar or radar. With practice this becomes much easier.
As for the 3degree variance method of establishing long ranges, this is for situations where you are underwater and cannot make visual observations due to weather conditions. The whole purpose of that system is to provide estimates for speed, aob and range that are inherently unreliable. However these estimates are very helpful in that they greatly narrow the area in which you expect to find the target when visual contact is made, and also provide you with a limited range of likely AOB's with which you can plan your firing course.
If you have planned your firing course in advance then it is much simpler. once visual contact has been made to swing rapidly onto it and be ready to fire than if you are not in this way prepared.
However the range obained using this 3degree technique is in no way adequate for a firing solution, you must have more accurate periscope ranges before firing.
Finally, I can recommend you build yourself the SACF or the german version, both downloadable from Hitman's filefront account. Also the manual for the SACF is extremely helpful
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