Narwhal/Nautilus/Argonaut (same design, only as a minelayer) were pretty much a copy of the late WW1 german U-Cruisers, right down to their engines.
However, the americans never got their MAN engines to work properly, which gave the boats a very limited surface speed.
In WW2, Narwhal and Nautilus got new diesels.
And both got external tubes on the former boat deck, as well as external torpedo storages.
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