Once a random enemy aircraft spawn gets triggered, it will continue to fly it's specified route back and forth for a good portion of the day, if not all. Back and forth, back and forth.
So if you surface anywhere near where you were first overflown or even near it's patrol path, it will continue to attack you.
I usually travel away from it's 2-point patrol path and surface when far enough away - avoid it the rest of the day.