1. I think that the fatigue model in SH3 is based on the situation. On the surface in rough seas or when in a combat situation or silent running etc. fatigue builds faster. I think fatigue recoveres faster if you are submerged and not in a combat situation and there is a medic in the quarters with your fatigued personnel.
2. Not sure how to answer this question, i would assume it depends on how experienced the crew you have on the bridge or engine room is. More experienced or trained personnel will increase the efficiency of the room in question so i guess if you have 3 really well trained watchmen or really experienced sailors on the bridge you can get away with fewer of them being up there.
3. I dont think practicing crash dives increases dive time, i dont think that moving more men into the bow sections will do it either because i have tried both and havnt noticed any big change. Biggest factors in dive time are sea conditions and your speed. If you are at ahead slow and order a crash dive it will take longer than if you were already moving at ahead flank and order a crash dive.
4. I qualify both radio room personnel as radio operators, i dont think that having a radio trained person at the actual sonar station makes a difference i think its just that you have enough trained and experienced personnel in the compartment to give the compartment a high effeciency rating. (little green bar at the top of the room)
5. It really does not matter what their specialization is in the command room, my crew room officers speciallization are helmsmen. What i do is leave the control room officers specialization alone. and put three sailors in there with them. My other 2 officers (type VIIB/C) will have the following specializations... watchman, repairs, torpedoes. this makes the 2 remaining officers interchangable should one be busy or injured. I can also bring the bow and stern torpedo rooms quickly up to max effeciency this way by sending one of those officers aft and the other forward.
6. When you take an 18 -19 - 20 year old man away from skirts and bras and beer and send him to a sausage festival at sea in an iron tube with nothing but bearded dudes for several weeks (or longer) his moral will most likely suffer big time. This is why supply ships and milk cows should have all been crewed by women... something to look forward to mid patrol.

The only way to improve moral is return to base for a while and i think pin a medal on their chest... I have to be honest though, my crew moral has always been right around 50% to 60% and never really changes much unless we take a casualty or something like that. In short i wouldnt worry too much about moral.
i'll also offer this to you, micro managing the crew has been one of those things a lot of people have complained about in SH3, there are good aspects to the crew managment in SH3 and there are bad aspects to it. If you find yourself dedicating a LOT of game play time to crew managment and tweaking who needs to be where and at what times etc i would recommend getting SH3 commander and using its tweak options to turn off the fatigue model. Some people do this. Given the restrictions to crew managment in SH3 i certainly wouldnt think any less of a person for doing away with fatige all together.