1770 British Captain James Cook, aboard HMS Endeavour, first lands in Australia at Botany Bay.
1789 Fletcher Christian leads a mutiny on HMS Bounty against its captain William Bligh in the South Pacific.
1939 Adolf Hitler claims German-Polish non-attack treaty still in effect.
1940 SS-Obersturmbannführer (lieutenant colonel) Rudolf Höss (not Hess, different Nazi) becomes commandant of concentration camp Auschwitz.
1942 Nightly "dim-out" begins along US East Coast.
1944 Exercise "Tiger" ends with 750 US soldiers dead in D-Day rehearsal after their convoy ships were attacked by German torpedo boats off Slapton Sands, Devon.
1952 Dwight D. Eisenhower resigns as Supreme Commander of NATO
1969 Charles de Gaulle resigns as president of France.
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