1792 Guillotine first used in France, executes highwayman Nicolas Pelletier.
1915 First landings at Gaba Tepe and Cape Helles on the Gallipoli Peninsula by ANZAC forces during World War I
1941 Operation Mercury: Adolf Hitler orders the conquest of the island of Crete, the first mainly airborne invasion in military history.
1945 Soviet forces complete their encirclement of Berlin, cutting off all access points west of the German capital.
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