It's something like a 30 degree cone for the impact dets. Your mag needs under 5m, but you really want 3m or under to increase the probability.
One thing that isn't modeled in the game is that the mag and impact detonators were independent. If the impact pin was crushed, the mag detonator could still trigger the charge. At least it worked that way on Mark 14's and 18's; I'm not sure about the Jerries, but I just assume they constructed their charges in the same manner out of sheer prudence.
On a related note, I don't consider a oblique shot as a "dud". That is a targeting failure; not a mechanical failure. A mech failure (i.e. dud) is when you put that sucker in there 1 degree off perpendicular, and it didn't blow. And if you slide it under at 2m and the mag det don't go, either. As far as my experience has been, the "historic dud probability" option models true mechanical duds, as opposed to targeting failures.
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