If it's got a name, it's a ship. I'm not certain that the name has to actually be painted on it, though. It might have to be. Everything else is a boat. And in slang, everything is referred to as a boat, even if it's actually a ship. Canoe, liferaft, steel buoy. There's quite a few terms in active use.
For me, a designation isn't a name. So, U-85 ain't a ship. If you call it the "Flying Brautwurst", then it's a ship.
As for sail ships, if the mast is fixed (that is, it cannot be stowed), then it's a ship. If the mast can be stowed, it's a boat.
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