1916 In retaliation for President Woodrow Wilson's recognition of the Carranza government, members of Pancho Villa's revolutionary army take 17 US mining engineers from a train and shoot 16 of them in cold blood.
1943 Soviet offensive against German 6th and 4th Armies near Stalingrad.
1943 First US President to visit a foreign country in wartime - FDR leaves for Casablanca, Morocco.
1946 UN General Assembly meets for first time in London.
1947 Greek steamer "Himara" strikes a wartime mine in Saronic Gulf south of Athens with loss of 392 of 637 aboard.
1951 UN headquarters opens in Manhattan NY.
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