WOW!! Great post! Very fun and great ideas.
Is incredible how the question has derived to speak about planes, air warfare, religion...
About praying... first, I'm sure an Iman could interpretate the Coran someway to say: "If pray makes your people die, your are free to not pray."
And also don't forget that dying fighting against the enemy makes you go to heaven, so I think they are free to not pray on patrol if it implies a risk.
Christians and Jewish also interpretate their sacred writtings, all do that for their beneffit.
Second... they can pray in turns, don't they? If they rotate for duties, I think some of them can pray while others work, and then change the sides.
And if all of this is forbbiden and they have to pray all toghether at the same time even if they are evading an incomming torpedo, I'm sure they will not pray.
About ship names... if you want to joke, you can do it with any name, no need to be "Invincible" or something like that, but I think names are important, but that importance has two sides, you will be very proud to serve on the Invincible, but if she's sunk... the morale of the enemy will grow equal than yours decrease, because it was "The Invincible".
None of this happens if you call it "HMS (or USS) Guinea Pig :rotfl: (my respect for all guinea pigs).