First of all, welcome to subsim!
Now to answer your question:
Audio feedback in the game is too limited in my opinion. Voice commands are limited to setting your own ships speed, depth/altitude, course and turning some sensors on and off. There may be other commands but the quality of voice recognition is so terrible there isn't much point. Information you receive over audio feedback is limited to initial detection of a brand new contact, damage reports or warnings and a few other events. For a brand new contact your crew will tell you the bearing only once. If the sensor can determine range also (radar and maybe active sonar) you will hear the range estimate as well. You cannot set-up, fire or guide torpedoes, operate the sonar, etc. using just voice commands.
However, if you were to assume the role of captain in a multiplayer cooperative game, you could surely just ask your crew mates for the information or descriptions you need. You would not even need to be connected to the game at all for that matter. A push to talk button would be the only control you need to operate. I would gladly join your crew! Also, the nature of submarine warfare could even give someone like you a unique advantage. You will never be slowed down by the need to pull up the map to help you visualize the battle space.
