"I figure out the distance, direction and speed but not (that I can see) the targets actual location (20 degrees off the bow)."
Range and bearing are actual location relative to your own sub. 20 degrees off the bow is bearing AKA direction AKA azimuth, location is the range AKA distance combined with bearing. AOB (Angle On the Bow) is your bearing from him, by knowing your own sub's heading and adding or subtracting the direction you bear from him, the TDC then knows the target's heading (which direction he's facing).
TDC knows its starting location is inside the sub, and barring a catastrophe its ending location will be the same. It's not showing coordinates in relation to the Earth's surface, it's showing relative position to the sub itself. It doesn't know if its in the South Pacific, North Atlantic, or Lake Gitcheegoomie, and it doesn't need to know. TDC was a mechanical computer which took input from the periscope bearing (mechanical connection, when you press the "send range and bearing to TDC" button it knows what the current direction is by the bearing) and range by what you have set in the stadimeter when you push the button. When it's switched on it also starts taking information from the annunciator for the sub's current speed and heading, and automatically updates that when you speed up, slow down or turn.
How it knows what the enemy is doing, it doesn't. It's assuming that the information you're feeding it is correct, it's keeping track of your speed and heading from the sub's gyrocompass and pit log, and calculating the target's position - THE TARGET POSITION RELATIVE TO THE SUB, which is all that matters to the torpedo firing solution - by simple math using an internal clock. If the target speeds up, slows down, or turns and you fail to notice and update the TDC with the new data, the current position it's showing will be wrong since it's assuming the target is continuing on the same heading at the same speed until you tell it otherwise.
As for tonnage, yeah it's unrealistic, but many aspects of the military are described as years of boredom with moments of terror, in real life they played cards and read books and stared at empty horizons for months, then went back to port with a full load of torpedoes. Next patrol they did the same with one day of excitement when they sank two ships and got depth charged, after the repairs back to the boring routine again. They have a mod which does something like that, but IMO a game is for entertainment and that ain't entertaining.
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