I'd say you suffered from both but the main factor i think would have been the weather. With the rain and lightning i would imagine the sea was in quite a state aswell ?
If that was the case it would have effected for sure the torpedos with magnetic setting. I'm sure there are dozens of people out there who can explain it better historically speaking but i know weather played a factor. And for the torps passing underneath the ships, i have had those kinds of duds in even the best of weather.
Finally the magnetic setting was known to be unreliable early in the war
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Den Tipperary song, wenn ich bitten darf !
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