I found that by accident!
http://english.battlefield.ru/
There are many things about east front of WWII but not many about navy or subs.
Only these two reports abouts soviets subs, translated by
James F. Gebhardt:
http://english.battlefield.ru/media/...SubTorpedo.pdf
http://english.battlefield.ru/media/...tilization.pdf
These files are translation of official Soviet navy staff reports about operation of soviet submarine during WWII.
As usual there is some propaganda in these but also many critics about Sub commanders, operations and material
By the way I found some data about soviet torpedoes of WWII.
That was difficult because I had to use google translation from Russian to get the data.
I found these data in many russian website
The data are the same on all the websites and I think they are accurate but can be confirmed.
The first number in the type is the caliber and the second is the year of service ready.
All data are in metric system excepted the speed in Knots
Mk 53-27, caliber 533mm, length 7m, weight 1710Kg, charge weight 265Kg, range 3,7KM at 45Knt
Designed in 1927
Mk 53-36, caliber 533mm, length 7m, weight 1700Kg, charge weight 300Kg, range 4KM at 43,5Knt, 8km at 33Knt
Designed in 1936
Mk 45-36N, caliber 450mm, length 5,7m, weight 935Kg, charge weight 200Kg,
range 3KM at 41Knt, 6km at 32Knt
Designed in 1936 for launch by aircraft
Mk 53-38, caliber 533mm, length 7,4m, weight 1615Kg, charge weight 300Kg,
range 4KM at 44,5Knt, 8km at 34,5Knt, 10KM at 30,5Knt
Designed in 1938
Mk 45-36NU, caliber 450mm, length 6m, weight 935Kg, charge weight 200Kg,
range 3KM at 41Knt, 6km at 32Knt
Designed in 1939 for launch by aircraft
Mk 53-38U, caliber 533mm, length 7,4m, weight 1725Kg, charge weight 400Kg,
range 4KM at 44,5Knt, 8km at 34,5Knt, 10KM at 30,5Knt
Designed in 1939
Mk 53-39, caliber 533mm, length 7,4m, weight 1780Kg, charge weight 317Kg,
range 4KM at 51Knt, 8km at 39Knt, 10KM at 34Knt
Designed in 1941
I think that the 53-38 and 53-38U
performed close from US Mk14 but the 53-39 performed close from the japanes type 95 torpedo which was derived from the type 93 610mm "Long-Lance".
I was not able to found detailed caracteristics of the soviets sub of the time.
If someone find anythings to complete this post it will be great
Happy new year to everyone