I have only used active sonar to lure destroyers away from convoys. If I ping them from a 90 degree bearing then dive and go ahead flank they are more apt to center in on my last position where the ping came from while I angle in towards the body of the convoy. Imagine a T where the bottom of the letter is my position the far right point of the top cross bar is the merchants and once I pined them I headed for the top left point of the cross bar to intercept.
It really work well once in shallow water I'd say 100 feet with a rough surface. The destroyers stay in the area I pinged from while I intercepted and fired torpedoes at the merchants. By the time they turned and came back I had sank three ships and was heading away from them. They depth charged the area they thought I was in but I was a good 2000 yards away and they never approached me.
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