check
http://www.fleetsubmarine.com/wartime_mods.html
"Pre-war
Gatos and other classes, like the U.S.S.
Salmon (pictured), started out with large, well-sheltered (for a submarine) conning tower fairwaters, with an enclosed forebridge featuring glazed deadlights, and a surface steering position. From the viewpoint of the conning officer and helmsman, this had obvious advantages. They were out of the weather, and the helmsman could see where he was going when the boat was surfaced"