hi sektor
the pistol setting (impact or magnetic) is independent from torpedo type, so you can choose your pistol setting in any situation. in the TDC screen (F6), look for that toggle that has I and M. By default, it's M (magnetic). To avoid malfunctions (mostly, early explosions) early in the war, set your torpedoes to Impact.
Now, i think your problem has more to do with your AOB and depth setting. Even if your torpedo hits at a clean 90 degree AOB, it may fail to explode if its depth is set too deep: in that case the torpedo will bounce off the curved part of the target hull and will fail to explode.
My personal rule of thumb is to set torpedo depth at around one third of the target's draft: if you attack a ship with 7m draft, set depth at around 2.5meters. This can also be set in the TDC, top left dial if i remember correctly. By default, it's at 4 meters, which in some cases may be too deep and result in non-explosions.
Hope this helps!
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