As mentioned above originally the P3 had two radars installed, one in the dome up front and the other 3/4 down the plane on the underside pointing backwards. Thus 360 Coverage.
Another example how to get 360 Coverage would be the now decomissioned German Breguet Atlantiques which had a 360 radar in a deployable dome close to the cockpit of the plane. Was only extended in the air of course.
I think the US P3's at least have 360° even with the upgraded radar ... they simply installed them again both in the dome up front and to the back. Am not sure on that tho.
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