Another thing to consider, The kreigsmarine surface fleet was stuck in port most of the time, due mainly to them being vastly outnumbered.
If the Uboatwaffe had made a concerted effort against the warships of the RN, that may have allowed the surface raiders of the OKM to sail more often, the cruisers and battleships could inflict vast more damage against a convoy than a couple u-boats.
Of course, with Donitz only having 20 or so U-boats at the start of the war, this wasn't practical.
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Luck is a residue of Design.
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