The difference between science fiction and isn't in how much of the science is explained to the audience, it is in how much its fictional elements are explainable by science in-universe. Star Wars' blasters (and everything else except the Force) are presented as something that runs on some fictional scientific theory just like Star Trek's phasers, but it would've been extremely odd if somebody went and started explaining how they work in the middle of the movie, since that's hardly relevant.
Speaking of which, how much of how Star Trek's technology works was actually explained in the original series itself?
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