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in my opinion, the best way to find out is to read the literature - the real life experience, the history books.

there are always exceptions though, as in the case of U615 and her Commander at the time, Ralph Kapitsky.

(..have just finished reading Silent Hunters by Theodore P Savas. it is a truely awsome battle to the death between U615 and the american airforce. i have never read anything like it, the sheer bravery of all concerned - boat and plane crews. i was literally biting my nails - it is hard to believe that that kind of battle went on. the men on both sides slogged it out, blood and guts, gave all they had - truely awsome, really!!..)