You did not mention what torp setting you used.
If it is early war and you use the magnetic warhead, you may have had several prematures and no hit.
Did your crew cheer when you "hit" your ships?
If not it was not a hit.
Even if the escorts force you deep, not a problem, just hang around until the escorts loose interest, which they will.
Even if you are under deep. the crew will cheer if the ship sinks and it will appear on the map.
Early war, best bet is to use the impact setting.
It is a bit of a learning curve, but practice makes perfect.
Good hunting in the future.