Well, the US subs had two things that the Germans didn't: active sonar and ultrasonic sonar. Both were vitally important to making the US sub more deadly.
Sonar range is also incredibly dependent on local listening conditions. The same sonar good for 50 miles one day won't be good for 200 yards the next.
I don't know if any direct comparisons between US and German WWII sonar capabilities exist, but I would predict no clear winner, with each better in some categories and worse in others.
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