Disclaimer: Dangerous! Bring your evasion A-game because they are going to know where you are, and make sure FIRST that your crew have the skill upgrades to get you to 150 meters in a big hurry.
I am usually cautious and deliberate, using the tactics described in the thread entries below. They will keep you alive. But every once in a while an outrageous approach can work, too.
If the environmental factors are right and the convoy ships are not spaced too far apart, you might invest some time in studying what the lead destroyer is doing. Maybe he is predictable and runs a little too close to the convoy. Maybe the flanking escorts are flanking a little too far out.
If the lead escort is close enough to the convoy and if you can approach sufficient for a sure hit (electric eel preferred of course), nail the lead destroyer and send the convoy into a panic. Turn immediately and head flank speed into the oncoming herd. By the time the other escorts can get to you, it's as robbo states earlier - the disarrayed traffic "makes it difficult for the destroyers to get a clear run." If you are lucky, you will have a couple of minutes to run amok, picking off the fattest sheep! Sometimes the panic produces gift shots that you would never have seen otherwise. Sometimes the other destroyers have stupid captains, it's rare but it happens. Then again, things might not go your way. Call it off fast and crash dive, with naught more than empty tubes and hopefully a whole boat to show for the effort.
Regardless of outcome it makes for sweaty-palmed, fast-paced excitement because you just never know exactly what the sheep and the remaining escorts are going to do or how quickly. And it tests your ability to stay ahead of a very rapidly changing combat situation.
America's leading sub ace of WWII, MOH winner
Richard O'Kane, used a similar "rush the convoy" tactic with the
USS Tang and got some great results. His audacious style was the inspiration for my Silent Hunter adaptation and all credit goes to him, of course.
Good hunting!