No it is not necessary to be stationary when taking active sonar. It is necessary to ensure that each position is plotted in relation to own ship's position at the time of the observation. Also, since your boat does move between the time the ping goes out and when it returns, there will be slight, but not significant errors in range and bearing.
Stopping your boat to make the sonar soundings is unrealistic because a submarine cannot just stop while submerged. There are too many changing variables to keep the sub balanced for very long and it will lose neutral buoyancy and trim. The game does not reproduce this and you are left wondering why they didn't stop the sub to do sonar observations. They did the best they could.
I don't know of any written instructions as WernerSobe's and my sonar tutorials show exactly what to do with far more detail than any amount of words can cover. If you have specific questions, I'll be glad to fill you in here in the thread.
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