I know that SH3 at least tracks wind speed and direction. It's not much use in that game, but could be very useful for simulating a sailing model. An Age of Sail game could be really incredible, especially if your captain could progress from small sloops and 28-gun frigates, right up to huge 100-gun first rate ships like HMS Victory.
But would it even need to be a combat game primarily? I recently purchased the Paradox game East India Company, in which you operate trading ships. A sim game in which you captain a single trading vessel, running to Africa or India and back, trying to make a profit and dodge pirates, privateers and blockades, could be very compelling.
Sadly I don't have the historical or technical knowledge to make anything of the kind, but I can dream.