Now if you think about it, as long as you are in range of aircraft, and are dumb enough to get yourself spotted (the judgment of "dumb" is strictly the product of 20-20 hindsight and armchair quarterbacking: admirals' favorite sports
), it shouldn't be possible to avoid the aircraft.
All they have to do is draw a couple of circles around the sub's last reported position, one showing max range for surfaced and one for max range submerged in the time for the next plane to show up. It searches in that circle and bam! You're tagged. If you're submerged, you might not be, but they know the max time you can be submerged and have that range plotted as well, so they can cover that area with planes until you pop back up and guess what? Bam! You're still tagged.
In fact, this was the strategy of Admiral Daniel Gallery's Atlantic hunter killer groups, who spelled the end for the U-Boats in their little sashay. Once a U-Boat was spotted it was almost always game over. There was no escape unless bad weather grounded the planes.