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Originally Posted by MarkShot
My very ignorant thoughts on the matter is modern active sonar is relatively 360 degrees in nature whereas WWII active sonar was focused.
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I don't know what the change in pitch you're talking about is, but modern sonar can be just as focussed. In fact, directivity is one way to cut down ambient noise and improve your system's performance.
The difference is that in the old days, they mechanically moved the hydrophones to alter the beam pattern. These days, they control the beam pattern by adjusting the phase difference between the signals emitted by the different hydrophones in the array. Sonars today have multiple modes of operation which generate different beam patterns that one might choose for optimal performance.