Would say that you were very lucky to get home after that sort of kicking.
My rule is that if it is bad weather, just stay in hydrophones range and wait for better weather. The chances of an unexpected warship in that visibility are good and you have no way of running without getting a kicking.
What mods do you have, I have noticed that in GWX3.0 the destroyers don't mess about and are too accurate with the depth charges for my liking.
I had to learn the accuracy of the destroyers the hard way, only managed to stop my boat at 230m with very heavy damage.
Since then, I have been able to keep away from trouble by going deep after launching an attack and going silent. Even now, the brits still get too close to me and its only thanks to a 6 hour game of cat and mouse with 7 destroyers that i'm able to stay safe thanks to my experiences.
Good luck with your next attack, hopefully it will be you dishing out the pain