Bilge_Rat |
10-04-10 09:46 AM |
The AIM-9 sidewinder had a lot of problems in Vietnam, achieving about a 9% PK overall I believe.
part of this had to do with the missile's design. The seeker on the early missiles could only track an airplane from the rear where it could "see" the engine. The seeker does not actually track "heat", but infra red radiations emitted by the engine. The early seekers could be spoofed by the sun or clouds. The missile was refined over the war by adding a cooling unit which made the seeker more effective.
further more, the early missiles could not really pull high G turns. NVA pilots soon realized they had a chance to survive if they pulled a high g turn as soon as they spotted or were warned of the missile.
part of the problem had to do with the high heat/humidity in vietnam which led to a fair number of duds.
part of the problem also had to do with pilot training. USN/USAF pilots in the early 60s received very little dogfight training and many were not aware of the missile's capabilities. They would fire outside the missile's enveloppe. The USN started the TOP GUN school specifically to address this problem and the results showed in 1972.
part of the problem had to do with tactics, the USAF had a practice of firing every missile on the plane at a target, either all 4 AIM-9s or AIM-7s to increase PK.
the problem with the AIM-4 Falcon had to do with the cooling unit. The missile had to be cooled before it could track. The pilot had to manually turn on the cooling unit and it then took about 1-2 minutes before the missile was ready, the missile then had to be fired within the next 2 minutes or the seeker unit basically died. Once the cooling process was started, it could not be stopped. Needless to say, it was a totally unpractical system out in the field were dogfights start and are over in a matter of seconds.
The 20 mm quad gun on the F-8 crusaders had a different problem. If the pilot pulled more than a 3G turn (easy to do in a dogfight), the gun would jam.
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