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As Putin's war went into its 4th month, the world's interest came upon the 20 million tons of Ukrainian grain stored and the upcoming grain harvest. Russia blocked all Ukrainian harbours and over 300 merchant ships were stuck in Black Sea ports. Russia suggested that any ship transporting grain from Ukraine should stop at Snake Island to be inspected for war contraband. Ukraine, however, requested friendly navies guarantee freedom of navigation from Odessa to the Bosporus; across Ukrainian and International waters. Politically, this is much more acceptable for NATO than enforcing a no-fly zone over Ukrainian airspace, but the Montreux agreements banned any passage of warships through the Bosporous into the Black Sea during time of war. Enforced by Turkey, this has helped keep the Russian fleet out of the Black Sea since March.The alternative route for warships to reach the Black Sea is through the Rhine, Rhine/Danube-channel, and the Danube, but it is limited to ships under 190 meters length, 10 meter beam, and only 3 meters depth. The UK and US Blue-water navies have virtually no suitable warships within those constraints. NATO, however, managed to put together a fleet of smaller Swedish, Finnish, Norwegian, French, and German ships. In four days, these ships sailed from Rotterdam to Constanta. The next leg was North to Odessa, where dozens of merchant ships were waiting for clearance from their insurance companies to sail.
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