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View Full Version : Daniel Inouye, WWII Medal of Honor Recipient and US Senator, Dead at 90


vienna
12-19-12, 01:51 PM
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Inouye

On December 17, 2012, Daniel Inouye, US Senator and recipient of the Medal of Honor for his actions in WWII, died after a prolonged illness. I wanted to bring attention to his passing because his life was so remarkable as an example of the American spirit. A native born Hawaiian Japanese-American, he was subject to the extreme discrimination that befell all the others of his race after Pearl Harbor. He never lost his faith in his country and served with great distinction in the war. This is the description from Wikipedia of his service:


Inouye was at the Pearl Harbor attack in 1941 as a medical volunteer.


In 1943, when the U.S. Army dropped its enlistment ban on Japanese Americans, Inouye curtailed his premedical studies at the University of Hawaii and enlisted in the Army. He volunteered to be part of the all-Nisei442nd Regimental Combat Team. This army unit was mostly made up of second-generation Japanese Americans from Hawaii and the mainland.

Inouye was promoted to the rank of sergeant within his first year, and he was given the role of platoon leader. He served in Italy in 1944 during the Rome-Arno Campaign before his regiment was transferred to the Vosges Mountains region of France, where he spent two weeks in the battle to relieve the Lost Battalion, a battalion of the 141st Infantry Regiment that was surrounded by German forces. He was promoted to the rank of second lieutenant for his actions there. At one point while he was leading an attack, a shot struck him in the chest directly above his heart, but the bullet was stopped by the two silver dollars he happened to have stacked in his shirt pocket.[9] He continued to carry the coins throughout the war in his shirt pocket as good luck charms until he lost them shortly before the battle in which he lost his arm.

On April 21, 1945, Inouye was grievously wounded while leading an assault on a heavily-defended ridge near San Terenzo in Tuscany, Italy called Colle Musatello. The ridge served as a strongpoint along the strip of German fortifications known as the Gothic Line, which represented the last and most unyielding line of German defensive works in Italy. As he led his platoon in a flanking maneuver, three German machine guns opened fire from covered positions just 40 yards away, pinning his men to the ground. Inouye stood up to attack and was shot in the stomach; ignoring his wound, he proceeded to attack and destroy the first machine gun nest with hand grenades and fire from his Thompson submachine gun. After being informed of the severity of his wound by his platoon sergeant, he refused treatment and rallied his men for an attack on the second machine gun position, which he also successfully destroyed before collapsing from blood loss.

As his squad distracted the third machine gunner, Inouye crawled toward the final bunker, eventually drawing within 10 yards. As he raised himself up and cocked his arm to throw his last grenade into the fighting position, a German inside the bunker fired a rifle grenade that struck him on the right elbow, severing most of his arm and leaving his own primed grenade reflexively "clenched in a fist that suddenly didn't belong to me anymore". Inouye's horrified soldiers moved to his aid, but he shouted for them to keep back out of fear his severed fist would involuntarily relax and drop the grenade. As the German inside the bunker reloaded his rifle, Inouye pried the live grenade from his useless right hand and transferred it to his left. As the German aimed his rifle to finish him off, Inouye tossed the grenade off-hand into the bunker and destroyed it. He stumbled to his feet and continued forward, silencing the last German resistance with a one-handed burst from his Thompson before being wounded in the leg and tumbling unconscious to the bottom of the ridge. When he awoke to see the concerned men of his platoon hovering over him, his only comment before being carried away was to gruffly order them to return to their positions, since, as he pointed out, "nobody called off the war!"

The remainder of Inouye's mutilated right arm was later amputated at a field hospital without proper anesthesia, as he had been given too much morphine at an aid station and it was feared any more would lower his blood pressure enough to kill him.

Although Inouye had lost his right arm, he remained in the military until 1947 and was honorably discharged with the rank of captain. At the time of his leaving the Army, he was a recipient of the Bronze Star Medal and the Purple Heart. Inouye was initially awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for his bravery in this action, with the award later being upgraded to the Medal of Honor by President Bill Clinton (alongside 19 other Nisei servicemen who served in the 442nd Regimental Combat Team and were believed to have been denied proper recognition of their bravery due to their race). His story, along with interviews with him about the war as a whole, were featured prominently in the 2007 Ken Burns documentary The War.

While recovering from war wounds and the amputation of his right forearm from the grenade wound (mentioned above) at Percy Jones Army Hospital, Inouye met future Republican presidential candidate Bob Dole, then a fellow patient. While at the same hospital, Inouye also met future fellow Democrat and Senator Philip Hart, who had been injured on D-Day. Dole mentioned to Inouye that after the war he planned to go to Congress; Inouye beat him there by a few years. The two remained lifelong friends. In 2003, the hospital was renamed the Hart-Dole-Inouye Federal Center in honor of the three WWII veterans.


A lot of the Nisei from the 442nd settled here in Los Angeles, and I have met several of them. As the years go by, there are far fewer of them left and those who remain maintain the same quiet, humble dignity I have observed to be their normal demeanour over the 40-odd years I have lived in Los Angeles. In my junior year of high school, I recieved an honor from the VFW and it was presented to me by a veteran of the 442nd. For me, the real honor was not the medal, by having it presented to me by that gentleman who served bravely for his country when a lesser man would have turned his back as the country had turned its back on him. Those of you who have little or no knowledge of the 442nd Nisei RCT might want to look them up and see what some real American heroes they were...

Ther are precious few on the "Greatest Generation" still left and very precious few of those who served like him and his fellow soldiers. Captain and Senator Inouye, I salute you and thank you for your service and example. Rest in a well-earned peace...

<O>

Oberon
12-19-12, 01:54 PM
George Takei mentioned this brave mans passing on his facebook page. RIP good sir, and thank you for having the courage and the love for your nation to, as vienna brilliantly put it, not turn your back on it when it turned its back on you. :yep: :salute:

sharkbit
12-19-12, 01:57 PM
RIP :salute:

He appeared a few times in Ken Burns' "The War". It amazed me then as it amazes me now how he didn't turn his back on his country with is family being locked up in internment camps back in the US.

:)

geetrue
12-19-12, 02:02 PM
Great story ... I bet he was greeted in heaven by many he saved :up:

vienna
12-19-12, 02:07 PM
Great story ... I bet he was greeted in heaven by many he saved :up:


..and by many with whom he served; the 442nd had the highest casualty/fatality rate of any unit in WWII...

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Sailor Steve
12-19-12, 02:19 PM
Wow! I knew who the senator was, but not much about his life. I knew one of the Nisei back in the 1970s, while I worked at a major hobby shop here in Salt Lake. I never knew his real first name, as he went by 'Stormy' Mitsui. I mostly knew his as one of the RC-fliers group, and a regular customer. I knew he had served with the Nisei Division, but not much else, and this is the first time I've thought of him in years.

Good jouney, Mr. Inouye, and thanks for your service. :sunny:

vienna
12-19-12, 02:49 PM
There is a moument to the Nisei soldiers here in Los Angeles:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go_For_Broke_Monument

As the article mentions, vets from the 442nd are sometimes found at the monument and will answer questions about the 442nd. As time goes on, however, there are fewer and fewer times they can be found there as age takes it's toll on the remaining vets. There has been a very active effort among local historians to interview, film and document the lives of those who remain so their stories are not lost forever. There was also a dramtized miniseries produced in Japan by, IIRC, NHK about the story of Japanese immigrants and their descendents in the US. The chapter about the years of WWII showed the internment camp experience and there was a great deal shown of the actions of the 442nd. One segement dramatized the rescue of the surrounded Texas "Lost Battallion" based upon accounts given by the Nisei vets. If the actual battle was even one-half as harrowing as depicted in the drama, it was truly a bit of hell on earth...

The Nisei vets have often descibed the near-suicide missions they were sent on as falling on them because the military brass considered them "expendable". One mission took them to Italy after having gone through a fierce battle in France. With little rest and after having their strength depeleted by casualties, they were sent to break the "Gothic Line", an effort at which other Army units had failed after several weeks. The 442nd moved in on the line and, in less than a day, had broken the "Gothic Line" and turned the tide of battle. The military brass, however, feared the public reaction if news got out about exactly who was responsible for the battle's outcome and asked the Nisei to not mention their particpation to the press. As dutiful and loyal soldiers, they complied, and it was not until many years later the full story came out...

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Stealhead
12-19-12, 06:29 PM
..and by many with whom he served; the 442nd had the highest casualty/fatality rate of any unit in WWII...

<O>

This is true but the reason is not clear just looking at the numbers they had the highest overall casualty(which in US military lingo is always combined) rate not the highest number of KIA. It did have a 93% total rate including KIA,WIA,and MIA however many of its WIA where not serious injuries and many 442nd men choose to illegally return to their unit in order to keep fighting not uncommon in WWII but the 442nd had a lot of men with this level of dedication.Because of this many of its members got wounded several times raising their rate of WIA in particular.The level of dedication of 442nd members was very high far above average as a a result their ratio was higher normally a unit with a 93% rate would have been decimated more or less and have few of the original remembers in the 442nd this was not true the same men kept fighting and getting wounded.

vienna
12-19-12, 07:06 PM
I did state the it as a combined (casualty/fatality) rate, not just as WIA, KIA or MIA. The record does stand and is recognized by the US military as such. A soldier getting wounded in action on separate occasions is still listed as multiple individual actions; hence, several situations where a single soldier is awarded multiple Purple Hearts...

Collectively, the 442nd was awarded the highest number of combined medals and unit citations during WWII, including 8 Presidential Unit Citations. One of the Presidential Unit Citations was personally presented by President Truman. The day of the presentation, it was raining heavily and Truman was asked if he wanted to postpone or skip the ceremony because of the weather. The 442nd had been already standing in parade formation for quite some time in the rain. Truman replied that, for what they had done for the country and for fighting to overcome prejudice, if they could stand the rain, the least he could do is to stand it also. The ceremony went on, with some disgruntled murmiurings from high-ranking military brass in full dress uniforms who now had to stand out in the rain with their Commander-In-Chief...

EDIT:

Regarding their "illegal" actions: the war was one by men for whom the niceties of legal/illegal were trumped by the desire to serve their obligation to the fullest. Legal niceties are best left to the REMFs...

The 442nd did suffer decimation of their ranks. There is a story of how, after a very hard action resulting in very high casualties/fatalities, upon return to the staging area, a base commander who had very little knowledge of the 442nd and their reputation, ordered the caucasian unit commander (Nisei were not allowed to hold upper level rank) to assemble the soldiers for parade and inspection. The unit commander protested to the base commander the troops were exhausted and badly in need of rest. The base commander would not be swayed and the unit commander assembled the men, who now were only a small fraction of their orignal number. The base commander angrily berated the unit commander and told him that he expected his orders to be followed and how dare the men of the 442nd fail to fall in as ordered. The unit commander calmly told the base commander the few exhausted, disheveled men he saw before him were the only men in the unit not wounded or killed in action. The base commander was stunned and quietly turned way and started to weep...

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Jimbuna
12-19-12, 07:33 PM
RIP Sir

~SALUTE~

Platapus
12-19-12, 07:37 PM
25% of Senators have served in the military. Sadly that number is going down.

Thank you for your service to our country both in the military and in the Congress. :salute:

vienna
12-19-12, 07:51 PM
25% of Senators have served in the military. Sadly that number is going down.


Very true. This is a list I found a long while back of people in Congress and other political notables and their service/non-service:

http://www.awolbush.com/whoserved.html

Note Chuck Hagel who is considered to be Obama's next nominee for Secretary of Defense. A good choice, I'd say...

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Gerald
12-19-12, 08:12 PM
RIP Sir.:salute:

Stealhead
12-19-12, 09:48 PM
EDIT:

Regarding their "illegal" actions: the war was one by men for whom the niceties of legal/illegal were trumped by the desire to serve their obligation to the fullest. Legal niceties are best left to the REMFs...


<O>

You misunderstood me here a bit I was not meaning to condone the men that returned to their units merely that according to military law doing this was considered going AWOL as you we supposed to be sent into the reserve pool and would be very unlikely to return to your original unit most likely a Neise would of course have been sent back to the 442nd do to their being separated which shows just how dedicated they really where that they would leave a hospital as soon as they where able.This is why many men in elite units or very dedicated units like the 442nd would go AWOL back to their original unit they wanted.Most officers looked the other way when this was occurred on both ends.

Further more the 442nd societies own website makes no mention of it having had the highest casualty rate of any regiment in the US Army during WWII.They do mention being the most decorated regiment because this is a fact the army does recognize it as the as the most highly decorated unit in its history thus far.

http://www.the442.org/442ndfacts.html

vienna
12-20-12, 02:50 PM
Further more the 442nd societies own website makes no mention of it having had the highest casualty rate of any regiment in the US Army during WWII.

The 442nd website is noticeably not complete. Some sections are not yet posted...

From Wikipedia:

The 442nd is commonly reported to have suffered a casualty rate of 314 percent, informally derived from 9,486 Purple Hearts divided by some 3,000 original in-theater personnel. The official casualty rate, combining KIA (killed) with MIA (missing) and WIA (wounded and removed from action) totals, as a fraction of all who served, is 93%, still uncommonly high. Many Purple Hearts were awarded during the Vosges Mountains campaign and some of the wounded were victims of trenchfoot. But many trenchfoot victims were forced—or willingly chose—to return to their unit even while classified as "wounded in action". Wounded soldiers often escaped from hospitals to return to the fight.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/442nd_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States

I'd say a 93% casualty rate is rather a bit up there. I challenge you to find another regular Army unit of comparable size with a higher casualty rate. The 442nd was nicknamed "The Purple Heart Battalion" during WWII by other units...

Here is a more detailed history of the 442nd from the University of California archives:

http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb2s2004jj&brand=calisphere&doc.view=entire_text

An couple of interesting side notes:

Units of the 442nd were involved in the liberation of Jews from Dachau prison, an irony since many of the men of the 442nd had families interred in detention camps in the US and had, themselves volunteered from those camps;

In the Riviera, a group of Nisei soldiers on guard duty captured a one-man German submarine, a first for an Army unit...

Stealhead
12-20-12, 07:14 PM
The 442nd website is noticeably not complete. Some sections are not yet posted...

From Wikipedia:



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/442nd_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States

I'd say a 93% casualty rate is rather a bit up there. I challenge you to find another regular Army unit of comparable size with a higher casualty rate. The 442nd was nicknamed "The Purple Heart Battalion" during WWII by other units...

Here is a more detailed history of the 442nd from the University of California archives:

http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb2s2004jj&brand=calisphere&doc.view=entire_text

An couple of interesting side notes:

Units of the 442nd were involved in the liberation of Jews from Dachau prison, an irony since many of the men of the 442nd had families interred in detention camps in the US and had, themselves volunteered from those camps;

In the Riviera, a group of Nisei soldiers on guard duty captured a one-man German submarine, a first for an Army unit...

The Wikipedia article is the only place that says that and it is lists no source as to where this information comes from.Making the information not valid in my opinion.I am not a fan of placing an a verifiable claim on a unit not matter how outstanding it may have been.

So far as I can tell without going into extensive research and looking at the records of every single regiment of the US Army that was in combat during WWII I find no quick and verifiable way to say what regiment had the highest rates.

Without seeing a verifiable source I am not prepared to make such a claim on any unit.Having said that there where units where almost completely or completely wiped out for example the units that fought in the Philippines these units would have suffered 100% lose rates because every single man was either killed or wounded and became a POW or simply became a POW.

You seem to be taking my claim as a disrespect for the 442nd not so I am an avid reader of military history and am fully aware of what this unit did in combat I am simply saying that no where do I see verifiable information or a verifiable source of information that they are in fact had the highest casualty rate for a regiment but they simply cant because we know that regiments in the Philippines in 1941/42 where totally destroyed as a combat force meaning that their rate which includes KIA WIA and POW was 100%.

I am not saying that the 442nd did not surfer a high loss rate it did but it was not the highest.

vienna
12-20-12, 07:28 PM
I am not saying that the 442nd did not surfer a high loss rate it did but it was not the highest.


You still haven't proven it wasn't the highest. Many, many military sites state the claim as a fact, not just 442nd sites. As far as units being totally wiped out, I don't think a an entire Regimental Combat Team or Batallion of the size of the 442nd/100th was ever wiped out in WWII or any other action. If so, please state your cite...

I don't believe you are trying to be disrespectful of their history. I'm just asking you prove your assertions they were not the highest casualty unit in WWII...

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Stealhead
12-20-12, 09:48 PM
Because no site makes this claim except Wikipedia and it provides no citation or source to back the claim.No other site I have seen claims makes the claim that they where the highest they do note the fact that they had a high rate but not the highest.

I have nothing further to say on this you are the one that is insisting on this even though the only place that makes the exact claim and in a poorly worded fashion and has nothing to back the claim a Wikipedia article that has no source to a claim it makes is a very poor thing to rely on.

you cant ask me to prove something when you can not prove that your claim is correct which it is not because entire regiments got decimated in the Philippines in 1941/42 you don't need to look up the exact ones the simple fact that nearly every single US Army solider in the Philippines was either killed wounded or taken POW means that their unit suffered 100% casualties and never where not reformed.

Form the Wikipedia page you forgot a small detail which I have bolded and underlined for you;

"The 442nd is commonly reported to have suffered a casualty rate of 314 percent, informally derived from 9,486 Purple Hearts divided by some 3,000 original in-theater personnel. The official casualty rate, combining KIA (killed) with MIA (missing) and WIA (wounded and removed from action) totals, as a fraction of all who served, is 93%, still uncommonly high. Many Purple Hearts were awarded during the Vosges Mountains campaign and some of the wounded were victims of trenchfoot. But many trenchfoot victims were forced—or willingly chose—to return to their unit even while classified as "wounded in action". Wounded soldiers often escaped from hospitals to return to the fight.[citation needed]"


I have nothing further to say on this you are the one that is insisting on this even though the only place that makes the exact claim and in a poorly worded fashion and has nothing to back the claim a Wikipedia article that has no source to a claim it makes is a very poor thing to rely on.You need to look through the things that you posted because none of them make any mention of your claim except the Wiki page that gives no source or citation without that it nothing but words typed by someone that has no way to prove what they typed is correct.

Show me a reliable source that shows that the 442nd did in fact have the highest casualty rate I will gladly agree with this I have looked myself and not found any such data though.I am not going to go though every single regiment that served in WWII and collect all of that data that would take months and is unnecessary as if the 442nd did in fact suffer that highest rate it would be claimed in ore than one place and have a verifiable source.

I am to trying to argue with you or make you look foolish I simply wish to show the proper respect the 442nd and not credit them with things that are not confirmed as being factual.

Onkel Neal
12-21-12, 01:31 AM
:salute: