ijnfleetadmiral
08-20-11, 11:21 PM
The following is a transcript from an interview with CDR Harold Philston, RNR, former Chief Officer of HMT Titanic.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Commander Philston, you were Chief Officer of HMT Titanic at the time of her sinking, correct?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Yes, sir, that is correct.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Tell us about the final voyage.
CDR. PHILSTON:
We sailed from New York on December 26, 1944 with Prime Minister Churchill on board. Capt. Falver wished to head straight across the Atlantic, which would have been the quickest journey back to England, but the Prime Minister overruled him and ordered him to head South along the East Coast for awhile, claiming that if we headed straight across the Atlantic, we would, as he put it, "be playing right into the enemy's hands...we'd be right where he'd expect us to be."
SENATOR HAVERS:
So the decision to head South along the Eastern Seaboard was the Prime Minister's, not Capt. Falver's?
CDR. PHILSTON:
That is correct, sir...I was on the bridge when the conversation between the Prime Minister and Capt. Falver took place. I heard every word clearly.
SENATOR HAVERS:
How long did you head South?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Until December 30th. Once we were South of Bermuda, the Prime Minister gave permission to turn West.
SENATOR HAVERS:
And how fast was the Titanic going at this time?
CDR. PHILSTON:
We were going about 10 knots, sir.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Why not go faster if the Prime Minister was so concerned about U-boats?
CDR. PHILSTON:
The Titanic was an old ship, sir...her engines weren't exactly new.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Tell us about the morning of the sinking.
CDR. PHILSTON:
I was on the bridge along with Capt. Falver and most of the officers. The Prime Minister was also present.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Was he on the bridge a lot?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Almost constantly, sir...it was almost as though he were commanding the ship himself.
SENATOR HAVERS:
And what were the opinions of the ship's officers on this?
CDR. PHILSTON:
We felt suffocated, sir...like the Prime Minister didn't trust us to do our jobs. It was especially hard on Capt. Falver.
SENATOR HAVERS:
When did the first torpedo hit?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Just before 10:45 AM, sir.
SENATOR HAVERS:
And where did it hit?
CDR. PHILSTON:
I can't be sure, sir...I didn't see exactly where. Farther aft, I think.
SENATOR HAVERS:
And what were the reactions of Capt. Falver and your fellow officers?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Capt. Falver and all the officers were consummate professionals, sir...we kept calm and Capt. Falver ordered the watertight doors closed and all passengers to the Boat Deck with their lifebelts on. He also ordered the lifeboats uncovered and swung out.
SENATOR HAVERS:
And what was the Prime Minister's reaction when the torpedo hit?
CDR. PHILSTON:
He turned to Capt. Falver and ordered that his lifeboat be equipped with a machine gun so he could "avoid capture at all costs."
SENATOR HAVERS:
And what was Capt. Falver's reply to this?
CDR. PHILSTON:
He pretty much ignored the Prime Minister's demands, sir...he was more concerned about ascertaining the condition of the ship and seeing to the safety of the passengers at that point.
SENATOR HAVERS:
How long a time was there between the first torpedo hit and the next attack?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Perhaps two minutes, sir.
SENATOR HAVERS:
How many torpedo hits were scored in the second attack?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Three, sir.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Where did these torpedoes hit?
CDR. PHILSTON:
From what I could see, sir, the first two struck between the second and third funnels and the last abreast the second funnel, all on the starboard side.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Was the Titanic still moving after the first torpedo hit?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Yes, sir...she was moving at about 6 knots. After the other three torpedoes hit, I heard several explosions deep within the ship. I'm assuming those were boiler explosions, for soon after black smoke began pouring from the ventilators around the first and fourth funnels. The smoke was especially thick from the ventilators around the fourth funnel.
SENATOR HAVERS:
When did the Prime Minister abandon ship?
CDR. PHILSTON:
He was the first passenger in the first lifeboat launched.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Did he get the machine gun he wanted?
CDR. PHILSTON:
No sir, he did not. He demanded it, but Capt. Falver finally lost patience and yelled at him to shut up and get in the boat.
SENATOR HAVERS:
And what was Prime Minister's reaction to this?
CDR. PHILSTON:
He went red in the face and told Capt. Falver he would have his career for that. Capt. Falver didn't look like he really cared at that point.
SENATOR HAVERS:
What time was the first lifeboat launched?
CDR. PHILSTON:
At 10:49 AM, sir.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Describe the sinking for us.
CDR. PHILSTON:
Capt. Falver placed me in charge of the fourth boat launched. We started down the falls at 10:52. By this time the water was almost up to the forward well deck. About a minute later, the bridge was underwater. She went very quickly after that.
SENATOR HAVERS:
What time did she go under?
CDR. PHILSTON:
10:54 AM, sir...she went bow-first with maybe a 10-degree list to starboard.
SENATOR HAVERS:
How many survivors did you see?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Hundreds in the water. Only five boats were able to be launched before the ship went down.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Was Capt. Falver among them?
CDR. PHILSTON:
No sir...he was not. As my lifeboat was being launched I saw him head back toward the bridge. That was the last I ever saw of him.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Did you see the Prime Minister's boat?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Yes, sir...about two minutes after the ship went down, a German U-boat surfaced and launched three rafts. These went out to the various lifeboats, and when the Prime Minister was found, he was manhandled roughly into the raft, which then headed back to the U-boat. Once all the rafts and crewmen were on board, the U-boat submerged again.
SENATOR HAVERS:
What do you think happened to the Prime Minister?
CDR. PHILSTON:
I'd rather not guess, sir...everyone knows how much Hitler hates him.
SENATOR HAVERS:
I see. Thank you for your time...you may step down.
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SENATOR HAVERS:
Commander Philston, you were Chief Officer of HMT Titanic at the time of her sinking, correct?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Yes, sir, that is correct.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Tell us about the final voyage.
CDR. PHILSTON:
We sailed from New York on December 26, 1944 with Prime Minister Churchill on board. Capt. Falver wished to head straight across the Atlantic, which would have been the quickest journey back to England, but the Prime Minister overruled him and ordered him to head South along the East Coast for awhile, claiming that if we headed straight across the Atlantic, we would, as he put it, "be playing right into the enemy's hands...we'd be right where he'd expect us to be."
SENATOR HAVERS:
So the decision to head South along the Eastern Seaboard was the Prime Minister's, not Capt. Falver's?
CDR. PHILSTON:
That is correct, sir...I was on the bridge when the conversation between the Prime Minister and Capt. Falver took place. I heard every word clearly.
SENATOR HAVERS:
How long did you head South?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Until December 30th. Once we were South of Bermuda, the Prime Minister gave permission to turn West.
SENATOR HAVERS:
And how fast was the Titanic going at this time?
CDR. PHILSTON:
We were going about 10 knots, sir.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Why not go faster if the Prime Minister was so concerned about U-boats?
CDR. PHILSTON:
The Titanic was an old ship, sir...her engines weren't exactly new.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Tell us about the morning of the sinking.
CDR. PHILSTON:
I was on the bridge along with Capt. Falver and most of the officers. The Prime Minister was also present.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Was he on the bridge a lot?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Almost constantly, sir...it was almost as though he were commanding the ship himself.
SENATOR HAVERS:
And what were the opinions of the ship's officers on this?
CDR. PHILSTON:
We felt suffocated, sir...like the Prime Minister didn't trust us to do our jobs. It was especially hard on Capt. Falver.
SENATOR HAVERS:
When did the first torpedo hit?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Just before 10:45 AM, sir.
SENATOR HAVERS:
And where did it hit?
CDR. PHILSTON:
I can't be sure, sir...I didn't see exactly where. Farther aft, I think.
SENATOR HAVERS:
And what were the reactions of Capt. Falver and your fellow officers?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Capt. Falver and all the officers were consummate professionals, sir...we kept calm and Capt. Falver ordered the watertight doors closed and all passengers to the Boat Deck with their lifebelts on. He also ordered the lifeboats uncovered and swung out.
SENATOR HAVERS:
And what was the Prime Minister's reaction when the torpedo hit?
CDR. PHILSTON:
He turned to Capt. Falver and ordered that his lifeboat be equipped with a machine gun so he could "avoid capture at all costs."
SENATOR HAVERS:
And what was Capt. Falver's reply to this?
CDR. PHILSTON:
He pretty much ignored the Prime Minister's demands, sir...he was more concerned about ascertaining the condition of the ship and seeing to the safety of the passengers at that point.
SENATOR HAVERS:
How long a time was there between the first torpedo hit and the next attack?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Perhaps two minutes, sir.
SENATOR HAVERS:
How many torpedo hits were scored in the second attack?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Three, sir.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Where did these torpedoes hit?
CDR. PHILSTON:
From what I could see, sir, the first two struck between the second and third funnels and the last abreast the second funnel, all on the starboard side.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Was the Titanic still moving after the first torpedo hit?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Yes, sir...she was moving at about 6 knots. After the other three torpedoes hit, I heard several explosions deep within the ship. I'm assuming those were boiler explosions, for soon after black smoke began pouring from the ventilators around the first and fourth funnels. The smoke was especially thick from the ventilators around the fourth funnel.
SENATOR HAVERS:
When did the Prime Minister abandon ship?
CDR. PHILSTON:
He was the first passenger in the first lifeboat launched.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Did he get the machine gun he wanted?
CDR. PHILSTON:
No sir, he did not. He demanded it, but Capt. Falver finally lost patience and yelled at him to shut up and get in the boat.
SENATOR HAVERS:
And what was Prime Minister's reaction to this?
CDR. PHILSTON:
He went red in the face and told Capt. Falver he would have his career for that. Capt. Falver didn't look like he really cared at that point.
SENATOR HAVERS:
What time was the first lifeboat launched?
CDR. PHILSTON:
At 10:49 AM, sir.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Describe the sinking for us.
CDR. PHILSTON:
Capt. Falver placed me in charge of the fourth boat launched. We started down the falls at 10:52. By this time the water was almost up to the forward well deck. About a minute later, the bridge was underwater. She went very quickly after that.
SENATOR HAVERS:
What time did she go under?
CDR. PHILSTON:
10:54 AM, sir...she went bow-first with maybe a 10-degree list to starboard.
SENATOR HAVERS:
How many survivors did you see?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Hundreds in the water. Only five boats were able to be launched before the ship went down.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Was Capt. Falver among them?
CDR. PHILSTON:
No sir...he was not. As my lifeboat was being launched I saw him head back toward the bridge. That was the last I ever saw of him.
SENATOR HAVERS:
Did you see the Prime Minister's boat?
CDR. PHILSTON:
Yes, sir...about two minutes after the ship went down, a German U-boat surfaced and launched three rafts. These went out to the various lifeboats, and when the Prime Minister was found, he was manhandled roughly into the raft, which then headed back to the U-boat. Once all the rafts and crewmen were on board, the U-boat submerged again.
SENATOR HAVERS:
What do you think happened to the Prime Minister?
CDR. PHILSTON:
I'd rather not guess, sir...everyone knows how much Hitler hates him.
SENATOR HAVERS:
I see. Thank you for your time...you may step down.
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