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Old 11-14-18, 10:52 AM   #3376
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November 14, 1918


As the Austro-Hungarian Empire collapses, the independent republic of Czechoslovakia is formed. Its first president is Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk.

Józef Klemens Piłsudski becomes Head of State for the new republic of Poland.

With Grand Duke Friedrich abdicating, the provisional government of Baden declares the Freie Volksrepublik Baden, or Free Peoples' Republic of Baden.

Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig Karl Albrecht Wilhelm of Hesse is forced to abdicate. The new provisional government will declare the People's State of Hesse.

Duke Leopold Carl Eduard Georg Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha does not abdicate but rather announces that he has "ceased to rule". The newly independent state will become the Free State of Coburg. Karl Eduard had divided loyalties, being also Prince Charles Edward of Britain, as well as Duke of Albany, Earl of Clarence and Baron Arklow from birth. He chose to side with Germany, and in the next war will serve as a member of the Nazi Party.

Grand Duke Friedrich Franz Michael of Mecklenburg-Schwerin abdicates, leading to yet another independent German republic.
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Old 11-15-18, 07:42 AM   #3377
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15th November 1918

Southern Front

Fiume occuped by Italian naval forces and Serbian troops.

Hungarian Government concludes separate armistice with Allies at Belgrade.

Naval and Overseas Operations

Sir David Beatty receives Rear-Admiral von Meurer on board H.M.S. "Queen Elizabeth" in Firth of Forth.

Political, etc.

German-Austria requests of German Government complete union with German Republic.

Appeal of Dr. Solf to President Wilson re: a Hague Conference.

New German Ministry.

National Assembly of Czecho-Slovak State holds first sitting at Prague: Professor Masaryk elected first President of Republic; M. Franz Tomasek, President of National Assembly; Dr. Kramarzh, Premier.

Ship Losses:

USS Elizabeth (United States Navy) The patrol vessel was wrecked in the Brazos River, Freeport, Texas.
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Old 11-15-18, 02:02 PM   #3378
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November 15, 1918


German troops depart the Ukraine, where they had been fighting for General Pavel Skoropadski against the Bolsheviks.

Brazilian president-elect Rodrigues Alves, suffering from influenza, is unable to take office, and is replaced by Vice President Delfim Moreira.

United States Air Service bomber pilots serving with bomber squadrons on the Italian Front are awarded the Italian War Merit Cross.

The Estonian national railway company is established.

Rosa Ponselle debuts at the Metropolitan Opera, playing Leonora in Verdi's La forza del destino, opposite Enrico Caruso.
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Old 11-16-18, 07:07 AM   #3379
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16th November 1918

Western Front

Allied troops begin to move towards Germany.

Eastern Front

German troops leave Finland.

Polish officers demand surrender of Posen.

Polish President (M. Pilsudski) proclaims Poland an Independent and Sovereign State.

Baku re-occupied by British and Russian troops.

Political, etc.

Appeal of Dr. Solf to President Wilson to allow German Commissioners to leave for U.S.A.

Reply of U.S.A. Government to Germany: all communications re: armistice to be sent to all Allied Governments.

Announcement at Budapest of Emperor Karl's abdication of throne of Hungary.

(British) Government election campaign opens with meeting in London.

Ship Losses:

Cesare Rossarol (Regia Marina) The scout cruiser struck a mine and sank in the Adriatic Sea off the Istrian Peninsula, State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs.
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Old 11-16-18, 10:24 PM   #3380
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November 16, 1918


Iasi, Romania: Anti-Bolshevik Political leaders gather for the Jassy Conference.

The Hungarian Democratic Republic declared, marking Hungary's independence from Austria.

The Estonian 1st Division is established to defend that country against the Red Army.

The Lithuanian Postal service Lietuvos Paštas is established.

American socialist leader Louis C. Fraina begins publishing the radical newspaper The Revolutionary Age in Boston.

Born Today:

Nicholas Moore, English poet, member of the New Apocalyptics group in London, in Cambridge (d. 1986).

Carter Manny, American architect, designer of the O'Hare International Airport in Chicago, the J. Edgar Hoover Building for the FBI on Washington D.C., and the First Chicago Bank building, in Michigan City, Indiana (d. 2017)
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Old 11-17-18, 10:40 AM   #3381
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17th November 1918

Western Front

Allied troops begin the march towards Germany to occupy parts of the Rhineland as per the terms of the Armistice. Some American troops still in the United States will be demobilized.

In British sector Fourth (Rawlinson) and Second (Plumer) Armies, preceded by Second, and First and Third, Cavalry Divisions respectively, advance. Each Army consists of four Corps, each of four Divisions.

Tribute of Marshal Foch to British armies as "decisive factor in final German defeat".

Southern Front

Fiume occupied by Italian troops.

Political, etc.

Hungarian Republic proclaimed at Budapest.

Formation of Serb-Coalition Ministry at Paris, M. Pashich Premier.

Abdication of Duke of Saxe-Coburg Gotha.

Yugo-Slav National Council protests against Italian occupation of Fiume.
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Old 11-17-18, 02:35 PM   #3382
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November 17, 1918


The Greek Communist Party is formed.

The Haugesund Naval Air Station is established in Norway.

The Tallinn Higher Music School is established. It will later become the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre.
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Old 11-18-18, 08:54 AM   #3383
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18th November 1918

Western Front

American troops enter Longwy and Briey (Lorraine).

Belgian troops re-enter Antwerp and Brussels.

Eastern Front

Siberian coup d'etat. Directorate abolished, Admiral Kilchak made Dictator.

Political, etc.

Appeal of Dr. Solf to Allied Governments to mitigate armistice conditions.

Mr. Asquith's election address to London Liberals.

Ship Losses:

Stasia (France) The schooner caught fire at Shanghai, China and was scuttled to extinguish the fire. Note however that the log of the gunboat HMS Gnat ( Royal Navy) records being called on to sink a burning ship by gunfire, in the International Dock Shanghai, on 14 November, so this is presumably the same incident.
SM U-165 (Imperial German Navy) The Type U 93 submarine sank in the Weser (53°10′N 8°53′E). She was raised on 21 February 1919 and subsequently scrapped.
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Old 11-18-18, 12:57 PM   #3384
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November 18, 1918


Former Black Sea Fleet commander and anti-Bolshevik leader Admiral Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak seizes control of Omsk, Siberia, and proclaims himself Supreme Ruler of Russia. With the Czech Legion at his back he invades eastern Russia.

The People's Council of Latvia declares independence from Russia.

A new football club is established in Pergamino, Brazil. it is called Club Atlético Douglas Haig in honor of the British Field Marshall, and is still active today.


Born Today:

Willie McKnight, Canadian member of 242 Squadron RAF during the Battles of France and Britain in World War Two, recipient of the Victoria Cross. Killed in action 1941.

Tasker Watkins, received the Victoria Cross for his actions during the Normandy landings in World War Two. Welsh judge, Lord Justice of Appeal from 1980 to 1993. Died 2007
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Old 11-19-18, 02:35 PM   #3385
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19th November 1918

Western Front

King and Queen of Belgians re-enter Antwerp.

French troops enter Metz.

Luxemburg entered by American troops.

General Petain promoted Marshal.

Southern Front

Serbian troops withdraw from Fiume.

Naval and Overseas Operations

Surrender of 20 German submarines to Rear-Admiral Sir Reginald Tyrwhitt at Harwich.
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Old 11-20-18, 12:52 PM   #3386
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20th November 1918

Western Front

Great difficulties of supply and transport in ruined area surmounted by British Transport Services during this week.

Eastern Front

General Manishevski Commander-in-Chief of Russian forces in Archangel, etc.

Political, etc.

Italian Parliament opens. Speech by Signor Orlando.

Mr. Bonar Law states re-victualling of Germany to be dependent on proper arrangements for returning prisoners.

Ship Losses:

Per Brahe (Sweden) The ferry foundered in Lake Wetter with the loss of all on board.
SMS V30 (Imperial German Navy) The V25-class torpedo boat was sunk by mines on the way to Internment at Scapa Flow.

November 20th, 1918 "Victory!" from "Punch".
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Old 11-20-18, 02:21 PM   #3387
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November 20, 1918


Elections are held for the new National Assembly created to unify Romania and Transylvania into one country. In all, 680 out of 1,228 seats will be contested over a 12-day campaign.

The Swedish steam ship Per Brahe sinks during a storm in Lake Vättern, Sweden, killing all 24 passengers on-board including famed folklore illustrator John Bauer, his wife and fellow artist Ester Ellqvist, and their three-year old son.

The Canadian Government takes over control of the Canadian Northern Railway, appointing a new board of directors and placing the management of the Canadian Government Railways under the new board's control.

The Latvian Red Cross is established in Riga.

Born Today:

American artist Corita Kent, in Ford Dodge, Iowa. She is best known for her silkscreen work including the Rainbow Swash in Boston, the largest copyrighted work of art in the world.
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Old 11-21-18, 09:26 AM   #3388
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21st Novenber 1918

Western Front

British enter Namur.

Southern Front

French troops land in Constantinople.

Naval and Overseas Operations

"Capitulation of Rosyth" Surrender of German Navy off Firth of Forth. Surrender of 39 German submarines off Harwich.

The Surrender of the German High Seas Fleet, November 1918. German submarine U48 under way going to her moorings at Harwich.


Political, etc.

Resignation of Lord Robert Cecil (Assistant Foreign Secretary) and of Mr. Clynes (Food Controller).

Greece, Serbia and Romania announce decision to strengthen union.

Ship Losses:

SM U-97 (Imperial German Navy) The Type U 93 submarine sank in the North Sea (52°25′N 3°10′E).
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Old 11-21-18, 03:14 PM   #3389
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November 21, 1918


"The German flag will be hauled down at sunset and will not be hoisted again without permission."
-British Admiral Sir David Beatty, accepting the surrender of the High Seas Fleet

Lemberg, Poland (now Lviv, Ukraine): Mobs of looters and freed criminals, including Soldiers with the Second Polish Republic, begin to loot and murder ethnic Jews in the city on rumors of collaborating with the Central Powers in the closing weeks of the war.

The Qualification of Women Act receives royal assent, giving British women over the age of 21 the right to stand as a Member of Parliament.

The Estonian Army adds an aviation and naval arm, leading to the establishment of the Estonian Air Force and Estonian Navy. On the same day, Estonia debuted its own national flag.

The National Institute of Public Health was established in Poland.

Born Today:

Dorothy Maguire, American baseball player, catcher and outfielder for the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League from 1943 to 1949, in LaGrange, Ohio (died 1981).

Sydney Dowse, British air force officer, member of the escape crew from German POW camp Stalag Luft III during World War Two, recipient of the Military Cross, in Hammersmith, England (died 2008).
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Old 11-22-18, 07:41 AM   #3390
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22nd November 1918

Western Front

King Albert re-enters Brussels.

Political, etc.

Issue of Mr. Lloyd George's and Mr. Bonar Law's Election Manifesto.

British troops marching past Waterloo on their way to occupy the German Rhineland.


A mascot dog of the British battleship HMS Barham.


Ship Losses:

HMS G11 (Royal Navy) The G-class submarine ran aground at Howick, Northumberland and was wrecked with the loss of two of her 31 crew.
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