Bad weather can be a real killer. Visibility can be so low that you can't see them until it's just time to fire.
Early in the war (before 1941) you can get away with this, as usually the merchants don't have guns. If you run into a ship like this that has guns, like a destroyer, they will paste you before you can get under.
You can use your sonar to try and shadow them until weather is favorable.
Magnetics are risky in bad weather. The more waves, the more likely a predetonation is. Predetonation is unlikely under 500m though - I've never seen it in-game. However, normally with magnetics you try and shoot under the hull, and in rough seas the ship may buck so much that your torpedo passes under it without going off.
As said above, I tend to run torps shallower and with impact pistols in rough seas.
Steve
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