1st August 1915
Western Front
Artillery duels in Artois, valley of the Aisne, north-west of Reims, and in western Argonne; enemy attacks repulsed here.
British retake some trenches at Hooge.
Eastern Front
Mitau (Riga) evacuated, and captured by Germans. Latter held on Blonie line, west of Warsaw; they progress on the Narev.
Austrians capture Novo Alexandria station (Ivangorod).
Southern Front
Enemy counter-attacks on Mr. Medetta (Carn.) and is repulsed.
Naval and Overseas Operations
Galata bridge (Constantinople) blown up by British submarines.
Orkneys
AORANGI, Admiralty blockship, 4,268/1883, 389ft, Union SS Co, Dunedin (NZ)-reg, chartered as non-commissioned RAN supply ship 8/14, purchased by Admiralty 1915 for use at Scapa Flow. August - Scuttled as part of No.1 Barrier, Kirk Sound, between island of Lamb Holm & Mainland (wi - in 58.53.26N, 02.51.42W).
Aviation
Western Front – ‘FOKKER SCOURGE’ BEGINS: Immelmann scores first Fokker EI victory, over Douai, with his first MG burst in anger, wounds British BE2c pilot (1 of 9 raiding airfield) forcing him to land. Immelmann awarded Iron Cross 1st class.
Political, etc.
Kaiser and Tsar each issue manifesto on first anniversary of war. Former swears that his conscience is clear.
Great Britain orders motor-boats in U.S.A.
Karl Helfferich, German economist, estimates that the cost of the war exceeds the total sum of all gold mined in the last 500 years by 50%.
More than half the world’s population lives under nations currently at war, and around 21 million men are under arms.
Ship Losses:
Alert ( United Kingdom): The fishing smack was set afire and sunk in the North Sea 4 nautical miles (7.4 km) south east of the Newarp Lightship ( United Kingdom) by
SM UB-10 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Benvorlich ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Bay of Biscay 50 nautical miles (93 km) west of Ouessant, Finistère, France by
SM U-28 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Clintonia ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Bay of Biscay 30 nautical miles (56 km) south west by west of Ouessant by
SM U-28 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of ten crew.
Fulgens ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the North Sea 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) off Sea Palling, Norfolk by
SM UB-10 ( Kaiserliche Marine). Her crew survived.
Koophandel ( Belgium): The cargo ship was torpedoed, shelled and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean (48°41′N 8°25′W) by
SM U-28 ( Kaiserliche Marine).
Lark ( United Kingdom): The fishing vessel was sunk in the North Sea off Lowestoft, Suffolk by a Kaiserliche Marine submarine.
Ranza ( United Kingdom): The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Bay of Biscay 50 nautical miles (93 km) south west of Ouessant by
SM U-28 ( Kaiserliche Marine) with the loss of three of her crew.
Max Immelmann